Commutative integral bounded residuated lattices with an added involution

A symmetric residuated lattice is an algebra A = (A, ∨, ∧, *, →, ∼, 1, 0) such that (A, ∨, ∧, *, →, 1, 0) is a commutative integral bounded residuated lattice and the equations ∼ ∼ x = x and ∼ (x ∨ y) = ∼ x ∧ ∼ y are satisfied. The aim of the paper is to investigate the properties of the unary operation ε defined by the prescription ε x = ∼ x → 0. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for ε being an interior operator. Since these conditions are rather restrictive (for instance, on a symmetric Heyting algebra ε is an interior operator if and only the equation (x → 0) ∨ ((x → 0) → 0) = 1 is satisfied) we consider when an iteration of ε is an interior operator. In particular we consider the chain of varieties of symmetric residuated lattices such that the n iteration of ε is a boolean interior operator. For instance, we show that these varieties are semisimple. When n = 1, we obtain the variety of symmetric stonean residuated lattices. We also characterize the subvarieties admitting representations as subdirect products of chains. These results generalize and in many cases also simplify, results existing in the literature. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Free algebras in varieties of BL-algebras generated by a BL n-chain

Free algebras with an arbitrary number of free generators in varieties of BL-algebras generated by one BL-chain that is an ordinal sum of a finite MV-chain Ln and a generalized BL-chain B are described in terms of weak Boolean products of BL-algebras that are ordinal sums of subalgebras of L and free algebras in the variety of basic hoops generated by B. The Boolean products are taken over the Stone spaces of the Boolean subalgebras of idempotents of free algebras in the variety of MV-algebras generated by L N. © 2006 Australian Mathematical Society.Fil:Busaniche, M. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina

Representation of Nelson Algebras by Rough Sets Determined by Quasiorders

In this paper, we show that every quasiorder $R$ induces a Nelson algebra $\mathbb{RS}$ such that the underlying rough set lattice $RS$ is algebraic. We note that $\mathbb{RS}$ is a three-valued {\L}ukasiewicz algebra if and only if $R$ is an equivalence. Our main result says that if $\mathbb{A}$ is a Nelson algebra defined on an algebraic lattice, then there exists a set $U$ and a quasiorder $R$ on $U$ such that $\mathbb{A} \cong \mathbb{RS}$.Comment: 16 page

Electron-hole asymmetry in two-terminal graphene devices

A theoretical model is proposed to describe asymmetric gate-voltage dependence of conductance and noise in two-terminal ballistic graphene devices. The model is analyzed independently within the self-consistent Hartree and Thomas-Fermi approximations. Our results justify the prominent role of metal contacts in recent experiments with suspended graphene flakes. The contact-induced electrostatic potentials in graphene demonstrate a power-law decay with the exponent varying from -1 to -0.5. Within our model we explain electron-hole asymmetry and strong Fabri-Perot oscillations of the conductance and noise at positive doping, which were observed in many experiments with submicrometer samples. Limitations of the Thomas-Fermi approximation in a vicinity of the Dirac point are discussed.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figure

A representation theorem for MV-algebras

An {\em MV-pair} is a pair $(B,G)$ where $B$ is a Boolean algebra and $G$ is a subgroup of the automorphism group of $B$ satisfying certain conditions. Let $\sim_G$ be the equivalence relation on $B$ naturally associated with $G$. We prove that for every MV-pair $(B,G)$, the effect algebra $B/\sim_G$ is an MV- effect algebra. Moreover, for every MV-effect algebra $M$ there is an MV-pair $(B,G)$ such that $M$ is isomorphic to $B/\sim_G$

Stable non-standard imprecise probabilities

Stability arises as the consistency criterion in a betting interpretation for hyperreal imprecise previsions, that is imprecise previsions (and probabilities) which may take infinitesimal values. The purpose of this work is to extend the notion of stable coherence introduced in [8] to conditional hyperreal imprecise probabilities. Our investigation extends the de Finetti-Walley operational characterisation of (imprecise) prevision to conditioning on events which are considered "practically impossible" but not "logically impossible"

Proof Theory and Ordered Groups

Ordering theorems, characterizing when partial orders of a group extend to total orders, are used to generate hypersequent calculi for varieties of lattice-ordered groups (l-groups). These calculi are then used to provide new proofs of theorems arising in the theory of ordered groups. More precisely: an analytic calculus for abelian l-groups is generated using an ordering theorem for abelian groups; a calculus is generated for l-groups and new decidability proofs are obtained for the equational theory of this variety and extending finite subsets of free groups to right orders; and a calculus for representable l-groups is generated and a new proof is obtained that free groups are orderable

Information completeness in Nelson algebras of rough sets induced by quasiorders

In this paper, we give an algebraic completeness theorem for constructive logic with strong negation in terms of finite rough set-based Nelson algebras determined by quasiorders. We show how for a quasiorder $R$, its rough set-based Nelson algebra can be obtained by applying the well-known construction by Sendlewski. We prove that if the set of all $R$-closed elements, which may be viewed as the set of completely defined objects, is cofinal, then the rough set-based Nelson algebra determined by a quasiorder forms an effective lattice, that is, an algebraic model of the logic $E_0$, which is characterised by a modal operator grasping the notion of "to be classically valid". We present a necessary and sufficient condition under which a Nelson algebra is isomorphic to a rough set-based effective lattice determined by a quasiorder.Comment: 15 page

Sharp and fuzzy observables on effect algebras

Observables on effect algebras and their fuzzy versions obtained by means of confidence measures (Markov kernels) are studied. It is shown that, on effect algebras with the (E)-property, given an observable and a confidence measure, there exists a fuzzy version of the observable. Ordering of observables according to their fuzzy properties is introduced, and some minimality conditions with respect to this ordering are found. Applications of some results of classical theory of experiments are considered.Comment: 23 page

Semiring and semimodule issues in MV-algebras

In this paper we propose a semiring-theoretic approach to MV-algebras based on the connection between such algebras and idempotent semirings - such an approach naturally imposing the introduction and study of a suitable corresponding class of semimodules, called MV-semimodules. We present several results addressed toward a semiring theory for MV-algebras. In particular we show a representation of MV-algebras as a subsemiring of the endomorphism semiring of a semilattice, the construction of the Grothendieck group of a semiring and its functorial nature, and the effect of Mundici categorical equivalence between MV-algebras and lattice-ordered Abelian groups with a distinguished strong order unit upon the relationship between MV-semimodules and semimodules over idempotent semifields.Comment: This version contains some corrections to some results at the end of Section