Oral Melanoacanthoma And Oral Melanotic Macule: A Report Of 8 Cases, Review Of The Literature, And Immunohistochemical Analysis

Oral melanoacanthoma (MA) is a rare, benign pigmented lesion, similar to cutaneous MA, characterized by hyperplasia of spinous keratinocytes and dendritic melanocytes. The pathogenesis of oral MA remains uncertain, although its clinical behavior is suggestive of a reactive origin. The most common intraoral sites are the buccal mucosa, lip, palate and gingiva. The average age of presentation is 28 years, mainly in blacks, with a strong female predilection. The oral melanotic macule (MM) is a small, well-circumscribed brown-to-black macule that occurs on the lips and mucous membranes. The etiology is not clear and it may represent a physiologic or reactive process. The average age of presentation is 43 years, with a female predilection. A biopsy is recommended to distinguish these lesions from each other and from other oral melanocytic lesions. We depict four cases each of oral MA and MM, affecting Caucasian and Latin American mestizo patients. The clinicopathological features of these cases reflect its ample spectrum, and to the best of our knowledge, it is the first example of oral MA affecting a Caucasian boy reported in the English literature. Therefore oral MA and MM should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pigmented lesions in the oral mucosa in these populations. © Medicina Oral.125E374E379Mishima, Y., Pinkus, H., Benign mixed tumor of melanocytes and malpighian cells. Melanoacanthoma: Its relationship to Bloch's benign non-nevoid melanoepithelioma (1960) Arch Dermatol, 81, pp. 539-550Buchner, A., Merrell, P.W., Carpenter, W.M., Relative frequency of solitary melanocytic lesions of the oral mucosa (2004) J Oral Pathol Med, 33, pp. 550-557Wright, J.M., Binnie, W.H., Byrd, D.L., Dunsworth, A.R., Intraoral melanoacanthomas (1983) J Periodontol, 54, pp. 107-111Buchner, A., Merrell, P., Hanson, L., Leider, A., Melanocytic hyperplasia of the oral mucosa (1991) Oral Surg, Oral Med Oral Pathol, 71, pp. 58-62Wright, J.M., Intraoral melanoacanthoma: A reactive melanocytic hyperplasia. Case report (1988) J Periodontol, 59, pp. 53-55Tomich, C., Zunt, S.L., Melanoacanthosis (melanoacanthoma) of the oral mucosa (1990) J Dermatol Surg Oncol, 16, pp. 231-236Contreras, E., Carlos, R., Oral melanoacanthosis (melanoachantoma): Report of a case and review of the literature (2005) Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal, 10 (1), pp. 11-12,9-11Fornatora, M.L., Reich, R.F., Haber, S., Solomon, F., Freedman, P.D., Oral melanoacanthomas: A report of 10 cases, review of the literature, and immunohistochemical analysis for HMB-45 reactivity (2003) Am J Dermatopathol, 25, pp. 12-15Matsuoka, L.Y., Glasser, S., Barsky, S., Melanoacanthoma of the lip (1979) Arch Dermatol, 115, pp. 1116-1117Goode, R.K., Crawford, B.E., Callihan, M.D., Neville, B.W., Oral melanoacanthoma. Review of the literature and report of ten cases (1983) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 56, pp. 622-628Scheneider, L.C., Mesa, M.L., Haber, S.M., Melanoacanthoma of the oral mucosa (1981) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 52, pp. 284-287Fatahzadeh, M., Sirois, D.A., Multiple intraoral melanoacanthomas: A case report with unusual findings (2002) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 94, pp. 54-56Ho, K.K., Dervan, P., O'Loughlin, S., Powell, F.C., Labial melanotic macule: A clinical, histopathologic, and ultrastructural study (1993) J Am Acad of Dermatol, 28, pp. 33-39Sexton, F.M., Maize, J.C., Melanotic macules and melanoacanthomas of the lip. A comparative study with census of the basal melanocyte population (1987) Am J Dermatopathol, 9, pp. 438-444Horlick, H.P., Walther, R.R., Zegarelli, D.J., Silvers, D.N., Eliezri, Y.D., Mucosal melanotic macule, reactive type: A simulation of melanoma (1988) J Am Acad Dermatol, 19, pp. 786-791Buchner, A., Hansen, L.S., Pigmented nevi of the oral mucosa: A clinicopathologic study of 32 new cases and review of 75 cases from the literature: Part I. A clinicopathologic study of 32 new cases (1979) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 48, pp. 131-142Barker, B.F., Carpenter, W.M., Daniels, T.E., Kahn, M.A., Leider, A.S., Lozada-Nur, F., (1997) Oral mucosal melanomas: The WESTOP Banff workshop proceedings, 83, pp. 672-679. , Western Society of Teachers of Oral Pathology. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol EndodBarrett, A.W., Raja, A.M., The immunohistochemical identification of human oral mucosal melanocytes (1997) Arch Oral Biol, 42, pp. 77-8

Papel del calcio y de la vitamina D en la salud ósea (Parte I)

La osteoporosis, definida como una baja masa ósea y alteraciones de la microarquitectura del hueso que predisponen a las fracturas, es una enfermedad que asume características de pandemia y cuya prevalencia crecerá notoriamente en las próximas décadas en todo el mundo, pero sobre todo en Asia y América Latina. Si bien el desarrollo y el mantenimiento de una masa ósea normal dependen en un 70% de factores genéticos, los factores ambientales (como el ejercicio y la nutrición) son de gran importancia, y pueden modificarse favorablemente a nivel poblacional con apropiadas medidas educativas y culturales. Esta revisión se propone pasar revista al metabolismo del calcio y presentar la evidencia disponible sobre el papel que este nutriente (y la vitamina D, crucial para su correcta disponibilidad) tiene en el desarrollo y mantenimiento de un esqueleto sano; sobre la importancia fisiopatológica de la carencia crónica de calcio en el desarrollo de osteopenia en niños, jóvenes, adultos y viejos; y sobre el efecto beneficioso de la suplementación con calcio (y, a veces, de vitamina D) en la prevención y el tratamiento de la osteoporosis.Fil: Sánchez, A.. Centro de Endocrinología; ArgentinaFil: Puche, R.. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Zeni, Susana Noemi. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín. División Osteopatías; ArgentinaFil: Oliveri, María Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín. División Osteopatías; ArgentinaFil: Galich, Ana María. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Maffei, L.. No especifíca;Fil: Plantalech, L. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Poudes, G.. Hospital Español de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Bregni, Carlos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentin

Rheology of human seminal fluid: role of lysozyme

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el coinpromiso de la lisozima en el fenómeno de hiperviscosidad seminal. La enzima fue determinada en 142 muestras de plasma seminal clasificadas de acuerdo a su consistencia (normal o aumentada) y a la presencia o no de leucospermia y macrófagos activos. Los parámetros reológicos determinados con un viscosímetro Wells-Brookfield a 20ºC mostraron diferencia significativa entre los lotes de consistencia normal y aumentada (p < 0,0l). Se empleó el método cinético que utiliza Micococcus lysodeikticus como sustrato, estableciéndose las condiciones de trabajo para la determinación de la lisozima en semen. No se halló diferencia significativa en la concentración enzimática al comparar los grupos de consistencia normal y aumentada, siendo la diferencia altamente significativa entre los lotes que presentaron o no leucospermia (X +- 2 SEM nmol/1; n: 44, 197,2 +- 51,3, vs. n: 98, 108,3 +- 12.8; p < 0,0005). El agregado de la lisozima in vitro no disminuyó la consistencia de las muestras hiperviscosas. Los marcadores de funcionalidad de próstata y vesícula no se correlacionaron con la concentración de la lisozima. Se concluye que la lisozima no tiene un rol directo en el fenómeno de hiperviscosidad seminal, aunque su deficencia en casos de infecciones crónicas podría ser un factor agravante de la patología en estudio.The aim of this work was to evaluate the role of lysozyme in the phenomenon of seminal hyperviscosity. The enzyme was determined in 142 samples of seminal plasma either leucospermic or not, with or without active macrophages, and classified according to their consistency (normal or high). Rheologic parameters determined with a Wells-Brookfield viscosimeter at 20 OC showed significant difference between the normal and high consistency batches (p < 0.01). The kinetic method with Micrococcus lysodeikíicus as substrate was used, and working conditions were established for the determination of lysozyme in semen. No difference was found in enzymatic concentration on comparing normal and high seminal consistency groupsyhile differences proved highly significant in batches either leucospermic or not (X +- 2 SEM nmol/l; n: 44, 197.2 +- 51.3, vs. n: 98,108.3 +- 12.8; p. < 0.0005). In vitro lysozyme addition showed no significant effect on samples with high consistency. Seminal vesicle and prostate functional indicators failed to correlate with lysozyme concentration. It is concluded that lysozyme plays no direct role in the phenomenon of seminal hyperviscosity, although its deficiency in cases of chronic infections could be a factor aggravating the clinical overview.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Rheology of human seminal fluid

El cuadro denominado astenozoospermia posee origen multifactorial y se visualiza como el daño a una de las características funcionales más importantes del espermatozoide humano. la movilidad progresiva lineal rápida (grado a), siendo la consistencia seminal aumentada la condición biofísica de mayor compromiso. En el presente trabajo se estudió la correlación de la consistencia seminal con la viscosidad del semen humano, determinada con los viscosímetros rotacionales Wells- Brookfield y de Ostwald modificado.The clinical manifestation known as asthenozoospermia has a multifactor origin and it reveals itself as the damage to one of the major functional charaderistics of human spermatozoon: the rapid linear progressive motility (grade a).ln many cases of asthenozoospermia the prevalent biophysical alteration is the high viscosity of human seminal fluid. The correlation between seminal constency and viscosity of human seminal fluid was studied. Viscosity was determined using a Wells- Brookiield (rotational) and a modified Ostwald (capillary) viscosimeter and consistency was established by introdudng a glass rod into the sample and observing the iength of the thread that forms m withdrawal of the rod (normal < 2 cm).Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Adenomatoid dentinoma or adenomatoid odontogenic hamartoma: what is the better term to denominate this uncommon odontogenic lesion?

We report two cases of an uncommon odontogenic lesion, previously described as adenomatoid dentinoma. They were well-circumscribed unilocular radiolucent lesions exhibiting discrete radiopacities, located in the left mandibular third molar region. Microscopically they were composed of odontogenic hard and soft tissues, similar to a dental germ. Dental papilla and dentin were easily identified. Odontogenic epithelium formed adenomatoid-like structures, and by scanning electron microscopy a layer of enamel was seen in contact with the dentin. Based on these clinical, radiographic, histological and electron microscopical features we proposed the diagnosis of adenomatoid odontogenic hamartoma. Treatment consisted of surgical removal, and no recurrence was observed. In our opinion all similar cases previously reported pertain to the same spectrum of this lesion and thus should be named as suggested above. Moreover, ultrastructural observations using 5 mu m sections can be useful to better characterize the presence of hard tissues.12220020