236 research outputs found
Constructing elliptic curves of prescribed order
Dit proefschrift gaat over algoritmen in de getaltheorie. Het woord algoritme is een verbastering van de naam van de Perzische wiskundige Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi (790-850)UBL - phd migration 201
On the random neighbor Olami-Feder-Christensen slip-stick model
We reconsider the treatment of Lise and Jensen (Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 2326
(1996)) on the random neighbor Olami-Feder-Christensen stik-slip model, and
examine the strong dependence of the results on the approximations used for the
distribution of states p(E).Comment: 6pages, 3 figures. To be published in PRE as a brief repor
Random Neighbor Theory of the Olami-Feder-Christensen Earthquake Model
We derive the exact equations of motion for the random neighbor version of
the Olami-Feder-Christensen earthquake model in the infinite-size limit. We
solve them numerically, and compare with simulations of the model for large
numbers of sites. We find perfect agreement. But we do not find any scaling or
phase transitions, except in the conservative limit. This is in contradiction
to claims by Lise & Jensen (Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 2326 (1996)) based on
approximate solutions of the same model. It indicates again that scaling in the
Olami-Feder-Christensen model is only due to partial synchronization driven by
spatial inhomogeneities. Finally, we point out that our method can be used also
for other SOC models, and treat in detail the random neighbor version of the
Feder-Feder model.Comment: 18 pages, 6 ps-figures included; minor correction in sec.
Equivalence of stationary state ensembles
We show that the contact process in an ensemble with conserved total particle
number, as simulated recently by Tome and de Oliveira [Phys. Rev. Lett. 86
(2001) 5463], is equivalent to the ordinary contact process, in agreement with
what the authors assumed and believed. Similar conserved ensembles and
equivalence proofs are easily constructed for other models.Comment: 5 pages, no figure
Robust Dropping Criteria for F-norm Minimization Based Sparse Approximate Inverse Preconditioning
Dropping tolerance criteria play a central role in Sparse Approximate Inverse
preconditioning. Such criteria have received, however, little attention and
have been treated heuristically in the following manner: If the size of an
entry is below some empirically small positive quantity, then it is set to
zero. The meaning of "small" is vague and has not been considered rigorously.
It has not been clear how dropping tolerances affect the quality and
effectiveness of a preconditioner . In this paper, we focus on the adaptive
Power Sparse Approximate Inverse algorithm and establish a mathematical theory
on robust selection criteria for dropping tolerances. Using the theory, we
derive an adaptive dropping criterion that is used to drop entries of small
magnitude dynamically during the setup process of . The proposed criterion
enables us to make both as sparse as possible as well as to be of
comparable quality to the potentially denser matrix which is obtained without
dropping. As a byproduct, the theory applies to static F-norm minimization
based preconditioning procedures, and a similar dropping criterion is given
that can be used to sparsify a matrix after it has been computed by a static
sparse approximate inverse procedure. In contrast to the adaptive procedure,
dropping in the static procedure does not reduce the setup time of the matrix
but makes the application of the sparser for Krylov iterations cheaper.
Numerical experiments reported confirm the theory and illustrate the robustness
and effectiveness of the dropping criteria.Comment: 27 pages, 2 figure
On the robustness of scale invariance in SOC models
A random neighbor extremal stick-slip model is introduced. In the
thermodynamic limit, the distribution of states has a simple analytical form
and the mean avalanche size, as a function of the coupling parameter, is
exactly calculable. The system is critical only at a special point Jc in the
coupling parameter space. However, the critical region around this point, where
approximate scale invariance holds, is very large, suggesting a mechanism for
explaining the ubiquity of scale invariance in Nature.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures; submitted to Physical Review E;
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevE.59.496
Rational isogenies from irrational endomorphisms
In this paper, we introduce a polynomial-time algorithm to compute a connecting -ideal between two supersingular elliptic curves over with common -endomorphism ring , given a description of their full endomorphism rings. This algorithm provides a reduction of the security of the CSIDH cryptosystem to the problem of computing endomorphism rings of supersingular elliptic curves. A similar reduction for SIDH appeared at Asiacrypt 2016, but relies on totally different techniques. Furthermore, we also show that any supersingular elliptic curve constructed using the complex-multiplication method can be located precisely in the supersingular isogeny graph by explicitly deriving a path to a known base curve. This result prohibits the use of such curves as a building block for a hash function into the supersingular isogeny graph
Distance from shore as an indicator of disturbance of gray whales during a seismic survey off Sakhalin Island, Russia
Cracking Piles of Brittle Grains
A model which accounts for cracking avalanches in piles of grains subject to
external load is introduced and numerically simulated. The stress is
stochastically transferred from higher layers to lower ones. Cracked areas
exhibit various morphologies, depending on the degree of randomness in the
packing and on the ductility of the grains. The external force necessary to
continue the cracking process is constant in wide range of values of the
fraction of already cracked grains. If the grains are very brittle, the force
fluctuations become periodic in early stages of cracking. Distribution of
cracking avalanches obeys a power law with exponent .Comment: RevTeX, 6 pages, 7 postscript figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
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