Issues Related to the Emergence of the Information Superhighway and California Societal Changes, IISTPS Report 96-4

The Norman Y. Mineta International Institute for Surface Transportation Policy Studies (IISTPS) at San José State University (SJSU) conducted this project to review the continuing development of the Internet and the Information Superhighway. Emphasis was placed on an examination of the impact on commuting and working patterns in California, and an analysis of how public transportation agencies, including Caltrans, might take advantage of the new communications technologies. The document reviews the technology underlying the current Internet “structure” and examines anticipated developments. It is important to note that much of the research for this limited-scope project was conducted during 1995, and the topic is so rapidly evolving that some information is almost automatically “dated.” The report also examines how transportation agencies are basically similar in structure and function to other business entities, and how they can continue to utilize the emerging technologies to improve internal and external communications. As part of a detailed discussion of specific transportation agency functions, it is noted that the concept of a “Roundtable Forum,” growing out of developments in Concurrent Engineering, can provide an opportunity for representatives from multiple jurisdictions to utilize the Internet for more coordinated decision-making. The report also included an extensive analysis of demographic trends in California in recent years, such as commute and recreational activities, and identifies how the emerging technologies may impact future changes

Demonstrating the cervicothoratic junction on film : an alternative to the swimmers.

Published ArticleThis study was conducted to ascertain which of two techniques would result in more diagnostic films of patients with possible neck trauma. Twenty individuals were examined at the Radiology Department, Universitas hospital, Bloemfontein. Two exposures were done on each member of the sample: firstly the swimmers projection and secondly the orientation of the patient's arms was reversed. Using specific criteria to standardize evaluation, the films were evaluated by a radiologist. The adapted swimmers projection had better results in 50% of the categories. The swimmers projection was better in 33.3% of the categories. One category for both projections (16.7%) was equal

Die ontoereikende beskerming van sekswerkers in die Suid-Afrikaanse reg, gesien teen die agtergrond van geweld waaraan hulle blootgestel word

This article has as its focus the presence of violence in the life story of every sexworker as well as the attendant problems. Most sexworkers experience violence (from their clients or their pimp) on a daily basis in the pursuit of their presently illegal occupation. The fear of prosecution prevents these workers from reporting violence-related offences committed against them. This currently leaves sexworkers in a precarious position where they have to rely on their own, self-created precautionary measures against violence, which up to now have proven to be highly unsuccessful. By means of statistical information and a review of some violence-related incidents, it is the author’s intention to highlight this problem and to recommend the decriminalisation of prostitution in South Africa as the only feasible solution

Windows on language evolution: How are they constructed?

No abstract

Pedagogical regression through service-learning develops the holistic medical graduate by redefining reciprocity

Pedagogical regression through Service-learning uses dialogue and deliberation as active learning tools. Reciprocity is a consequence rooted in this engagement with diverse communities. The aim of the study was to analyse how reciprocity manifests during service-learning. Data collected from students, Grade 12 learners, radiography facilitators, and conference delegates were analysed. Students indicated that service-learning enhanced their learning through self-discovery and group interactions, but nothing academic was learned from the learners. They experienced personal growth and increased levels of social responsiveness. Grade 12 learners reported no educational exchange with the students. Radiography facilitators agreed that service-learning cultivates reciprocity through application of knowledge and elevates personal growth and social responsiveness in students. Conference delegates said that service-learning enhances the curriculum and cultivates social responsiveness in students. Reciprocity in service-learning is polygonal and needs to be redefined in terms of its equal mutualistic nature, of all communities benefitting from a broadly defined exchange

The effect of sheared diamagnetic flow on turbulent structures generated by the Charney–Hasegawa–Mima equation

The generation of electrostatic drift wave turbulence is modelled by the Charney–Hasegawa–Mima equation. The equilibrium density gradient n0=n0(x) is chosen so that dn0 /dx is nonzero and spatially variable (i.e., v*e is sheared). It is shown that this sheared diamagnetic flow leads to localized turbulence which is concentrated at max(grad n0), with a large dv*e/dx inhibiting the spread of the turbulence in the x direction. Coherent structures form which propagate with the local v*e in the y direction. Movement in the x direction is accompanied by a change in their amplitudes. When the numerical code is initialized with a single wave, the plasma behaviour is dominated by the initial mode and its harmonics

Exploring Practices Determining School Effectiveness: A Case Study in Selected South African Secondary Schools

When parents choose a school for their children to attend, especially a secondary school, they usually look for an effective school’ so that their children can receive what they regard as a good, quality education. In this process, it is most common that parents evaluate or assess the effectiveness of secondary schools on the basis of the school’s academic results or outputs. But what other factors, apart from academic results, constitute school effectiveness

A desire for weight loss in season increases disordered eating behaviour risk and energy deficiency in athletes

Objective: The objective was to explore eating behaviour, body image and energy status in female university team sport athletes.Design: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study design.Setting: The setting was North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.Subjects: Subjects were top university female field hockey and netball player volunteers, aged 18-30 years (n = 22), and recruited during their sport season.Outcome measures: Athletes completed demographic, health and sport, and body weight questionnaires. The Eating Disorder Inventory and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire’s cognitive dietary restraint subscale were used to measure disordered eating behaviour. Body composition was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Estimated energy availability (estEA) was determined from a three-day diet and exercise record.Results: Fifteen (68%) athletes were identified with an increased risk of disordered eating. Sixteen (73%) were dieting. A low estEA (24 ± 12 kcal/kg fat-free mass/day) was found in 59% of the athletes, of whom 85% (11/13) had increased risk of disordered eating. A significantly positive (p-value < 0.05) association was found between cognitive dietary restraint and drive for thinness (r = 0.4) and body weight (r = 0.5). A negative association was found between desired weight loss (r = −0.5), energy intake (r = −0.5) and estEA (r = −0.7).Conclusion: Nonlean build athletes who diet in season are at increased risk of disordered eating behaviour and low energy availability. Keywords: disordered eating, body image, nonlean-build sports, female students, energy statu