Development of Tetraarylphosphonium/Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate (TAPR/TFAB) salts as non-aqueous electrolytes for organic redox flow batteries

A series of weakly coordinating cations/anions (TAPR/TFAB) ion pairs are, herein, being proposed as non-aqueous electrolytes for high capacity ORFBs. These were accessed via a Palladiumcatalyzed approach followed by the simple filtration/isolation of the product. These substituted tetraarylphosphonium/tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate salts 1-4 where the substituents are a pmethoxy (1), a 3,4-dimethoxy (2), a p-phenyl (3), and a p-trimethylsilylacetylene (TMSA) (4) have potential use in several industries owing to their unique solubility in low polarity solvents. These salts constitute a new class of molecular ion pairs which can promote charge dissociation even in low polarity solvents because of their large size and bulkiness. The result being an increased conductivity in those media that can be useful for electrochemistry, advances in catalysis, battery technology, petroleum handling etc. This work supports the national security goal of fostering the development of affordable, clean and renewable energy source and storage

A MAP KINASE TARGETED BY ENDOTOXIN AND HYPEROSMOLARITY IN MAMMALIAN-CELLS

Mammalian cells respond to endotoxic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by activation of protein kinase cascades that lead to new gene expression. A protein kinase, p38, that was tyrosine phosphorylated in response to LPS, was cloned. The p38 enzyme and the product of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae HOG 1 gene, which are both members of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family, have sequences at and adjacent to critical phosphorylation sites that distinguish these proteins from most other MAP kinase family members. Both HOG1 and p38 are tyrosine phosphorylated after extracellular changes in osmolarity. These findings link a signaling pathway in mammalian cells with a pathway in yeast that is responsive to physiological stress

Job compensation in the biotechnology core laboratory

The results of a poll of core facility professionals by the Association of Biomolecular Resource Facilities (ABRF) Survey Committee

Fig 1 -

A) Parts layout for the Salt Lake City (SLC) trap: [1]; eye-screws and clips [2]; #2 conduit hanger and a 6-v variable speed motor and 7.5-cm (3 in) propeller; 18-guage copper wire and battery clips [4]; 0.48 cm (3/16 in) tubing with airstone for CO2; and push-to-connect fitting to attach to a CO2 source of choice. B) Commercial ABC trap, distributed by Clarke Mosquito Control (St. Charles, IL).</p

Six different prototypes of traps during initial screening.

A) 3-piece base design developed using an entry funnel mounted to a computer case fan, then stacked with a second funnel for connecting a catch net; used for 3 trap designs: a 12-volt case fan (Tornado TD8038H, Vantec Thermal Technologies, Fremont, CA) and measured at 20-kph suction. A 6-volt case fan (Multifan S1 80mm, AC Infinity, Inc., City of Industry, CA) measuring at 12-kph suction was then used for two separate models: “Complex Airstone” containing a 5-mm mineral airstone (Jardin Stone, UXCell Co., Hong Kong, China) on the CO2 line (4-mm inner diameter standard aquarium tubing, Penn-Plax, inc., Hauppauge, NY) for dispersing a lure homogenously; and “Pore Dispersal” where the CO2 line was fitted directly to the fan. B) The Salt Lake City trap covered in the main manuscript. C) 3D-printed trap design shared by Mosquito Consulting Services based in New Zealand. D) Positive control of the ABC trap (Clarke Mosquito Control, St. Charles, IL). E) Comparison data with a minimum of 4 replicates each and using aggregate adult mosquito collections. Outliers are black points outside the range of the box whiskers. Blue points denote the mean and the central black bar reflects the median. (TIF)</p

Human Disease Causing Viruses Vectored by Mosquitoes

7 p.There are a number of disease-causing viruses transmitted to people primarily through the bite of infected mosquitoes. Female mosquitoes take blood meals to produce eggs. A mosquito that bites an infected animal may pick up a virus within the blood meal. If the mosquito is the appropriate species, and conditions inside the insect and the surrounding environment are supportive, the virus reproduces within the mosquito. Later, the mosquito may pass the virus on to other animals (including humans) as they feed again

Pairwise test results for airstone/CO2 line positioning (high vs. low), battery options (6v sealed lead acid vs. USB lithium battery pack), and trap body type (funneled vs. straight/simple body).

Bar graphs with I-bars as standard error of the mean. All pairings were not significantly different within their group.</p

Comparison between the Salt Lake City trap (SLC) and commercial ABC trap (Clarke Mosquito Control, St. Charles, IL) based on adult mosquito collection totals.

Bar graphs with I-bars as standard error of the mean. All pairings were not significantly different within their group.</p