O perfil da indústria de laticínios na Zona da Mata e Campo das Vertentes de Minas Gerais.

Cenário econômico mundial; Cenário econômico brasileiro; Cenário macroeconômico regional: Zona da Mata e Campo das Vertentes; Evolução do setor lácteo brasileiro.bitstream/item/132488/1/Livro-O-perfil-da-industria-de-laticinios.pd

Biofilms from a Brazilian water distribution system include filamentous fungi

Filamentous fungi in drinking water can block water pipes, can cause organoleptic biodeterioration, and are a source of pathogens. There are increasing reports of the involvement of the organisms in biofilms. This present study describes a sampling device that can be inserted directly into pipes within water distribution systems, allowing biofilm formation in situ. Calcofluor White M2R staining and fluorescent in situ hybridization with morphological analyses using epifluorescent microscopy were used to analyse biofilms for filamentous fungi, permitting direct observation of the fungi. DAPI (4=,6-diamidino-2- phenylindole) was applied to detect bacteria. Filamentous fungi were detected in biofilms after 6 months on coupons exposed to raw water, decanted water and at the entrance of the water distribution system. Algae, yeast, and bacteria were also observed. The role of filamentous fungi requires further investigations.The authors acknowledge Companhia Pernambucana de Saneamento (COMPESA) for its support in making the work by H.M.B. Oliveira possible. V.M. de Siqueira is supported by the grant SFRH/BD/43719/2008 from Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal

Postharvest treatments to mitigate the internal browning in "Bartlett" pears.

Internal browning is an important disorder in pear fruit which can lead to economic losses. Pears (Pyrus communis L. cv. Bartlett) were harvested at early harvest maturity of 90 N from a commercial orchard in southern Brazil. Methyl jasmonate, ethanol, and 1-methylcyclopropene vapor treatments were carried out for 24 hours in order to mitigate the internal browning disorder. Fruit were stored for up to 150 days at 0 ± 1 °C and 90 ± 5 % RH. Pears exhibited internal browning in 37 % of the control samples after 90 days of cold storage. However, no internal browning symptoms were observed in the 1-MCP treatment. The first symptoms in 1-MCP samples were noticed after 120 days of cold storage (12 %)and reached 100 % in five days at room temperature. 1-MCP-treated pears showed flesh firmness values of 82 N after 90 days of cold storage and 18.7 N when they were removed from the cold storage and kept at 20 °C. The greatest acceptance index was attributed to 1- MCP pears after 90 days at 0 ± 1 °C followed by 5 days at 20 ± 1 °C (89.35). High acceptance indexes were attributed to MeJa (77.95) and control pears (76.40) after 30 days in cold storage followed by 5 days at room temperature. 1-MCP (0.3 µL L-1 , 24 hours at 0 ± 1 °C) treatment delays ripening and mitigates the internal browning in early harvested ?Bartlett? pears, that can be stored for up to 90 days at 0 ± 1 °C

Extension of storage and quality maintenance of 'Rocha' and 'Packham's Triumph' pears using modified atmosphere packaging (Bag-It-Fresh).

'Rocha' anel 'Packham's Ttiumph ' pears were harvested in January 2011 when the fruit in, the orchard reached flesh Iirmncss values of 67.6 anel 74.7 N, respectivelyResumo S11-3

First stars XVI. STIS/HST abundances of heavy-elements in the uranium-rich star CS 31082-001

Detailed abundances of the elements produced by r-process nucleosynthesis in various circumstances are our best observational clues to their origin, since the site(s) of r-element production is(are) still not known with certainty. A small fraction of extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars exhibit excesses of heavy neutron-capture elements produced in the r-process, and CS 31082-001 is among the 4 well-known r-process-enhanced EMP stars. Observations with HST/STIS provide abundances for elements observable only from the UV region. Here we aim to supplement the optical data with abundances from near-UV spectroscopy of the first and second peak of the r-elements, which are crucial to giving insight into the nucleosynthesis of the elements beyond iron. The UVES spectrum provided additional measurements, thereby improving the previous results. The spectra were analyzed with the OSMARCS LTE model atmosphere and with a consistent approach based on the spectrum synthesis code Turbospectrum to derive abundances of heavy elements in CS 31082-001, using updated oscillator strengths from the recent literature. We computed synthetic spectra for all lines of the elements of interest, checking for proper intensities and possible blends. We combined the abundances of heavy elements derived in previous works with the derivation of abundances from all reliable new list of lines, for the first and second peaks of r-elements. We were able to derive new abundances for 23 n-elements, 6 of them - Ge, Mo, Lu, Ta, W, and Re - were not available in previous works, making this star the most complete r-II object studied, with a total of 37 detections of n-capture elements. We also present the first NLTE+3D lead abundance in this star. The results provide improved constraints on the nature of the r-process.Comment: 20 pages, 21 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysic

Robust and fault tolerant control of wheeled mobile robots in formation

Este artigo trata de controle robusto e controle tolerante a falhas de movimentos coordenados de robôs móveis com rodas. O controle robusto é baseado em controle H∞ não linear por realimentação da saída. O controle tolerante a falhas é baseado em controle H∞ por realimentação da saída de sistemas lineares sujeitos a saltos Markovianos para garantir estabilidade da formação quando um dos robôs é perdido durante o movimento coordenado. A coordenação é realizada em função de um lider e qualquer robô da formação pode assumir a liderança de maneira aleatória. Os robôs móveis trocam informações de acordo com um grafo de comunicação direcionado (dígrafo), definido a-priori.This paper deals with robust and fault tolerant controls of wheeled mobile robots (WMRs) in formation. The robust approach is based on output feedback nonlinear H∞ control. The fault tolerant approach is based on output feedback H∞ control of Markovian jump linear systems to ensure stability of the formation when one of the robots is lost during the coordinated motion. The coordination is performed with the robots following a leader, and any robot of the formation can assume the leadership randomly. The mobile robots exchange informations according to a pre-specified communication directed graph (digraph)

Análise de marmoreio de contra-filé através de imagens obtidas por Tomografia de Ressonância Magnética.

bitstream/CNPDIA-2009-09/11895/1/CT98_2008.pd

Extended cold storage of winter pears by modified atmosphere packaging.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of passive modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the maintenance of fruit quality during the extended storage of ‘Rocha’ and ‘Packham’s Triumph’ pears. Fruit were packed in linear low density polyethylene (100 mm), with 6% BIF 1500 additive placed into perforated plastic boxes and kept at 0 ± 1 °C and 90 ± 5% RH for up to 180 days. MAP reduced weight loss by 14.8% for ‘Rocha’ and 11.5% for ‘Packham’s’ pears after 180 days in cold storage and retained the green color of the skin, which means that the yellowing visual perception was delayed in 60 and 90 days for ‘Rocha’ and ‘Packham’s’ pears, respectively. A strong softening was observed for ‘Packham’s’ pears after being kept for 150 days at 0° C followed by 5 days at room temperature, which did not limit the storage of both pear cultivars under modified atmosphere packaging. MAP created by linear low density polyethylene (100 mm), with 6% BIF 1500 additive extended in 30 days the cold storage for ‘Rocha’ and 60 days for ‘Packham’s’ pears. Index terms: Pyrus communis L., ‘Rocha’, ‘Packham’s Triumph’, polyethylene film, water loss, acceptance. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da atmosfera modificada na manutenção dos atributos de qualidade e na extensão do armazenamento refrigerado de peras "Rocha" e "Packham's Triumph". Os frutos foram acondicionados em filme de polietileno de baixa densidade linear (100 ?m) com aditivo BIF 1.500 6% no interior de caixas plásticas vazadas e mantidos a 0 ± 1 °C e 90 ± 5% UR por até 180 dias. A atmosfera modificada reduziu em 14,8% a perda de massa de peras "Rocha" e em 11,5% a de peras "Packham's", após 180 dias de refrigeração, e mostrou-se útil na preservação da coloração verde dos frutos, retardando em 60 e 90 dias a percepção visual do amarelecimento da casca de peras "Rocha e Packham's", respectivamente. Houve amolecimento excessivo da polpa de peras "Packham"s" controle após 150 dias a 0 °C, seguidos por 5 dias a 20 °C, o que não limitou o armazenamento das peras de ambas as cultivares sob atmosfera modificada. A atmosfera modificada proporcionada pela embalagem de polietileno de baixa densidade linear (100 ?m) com aditivo BIF 1.500 6%, proporcionou a extensão de 30 dias no período de armazenamento refrigerado de peras ?Rocha? e de 60 dias para "Packham's Triumph". Termos para indexação: Pyrus communis L., "Rocha", "Packham"s Triumph", filme de polietileno, perda de massa, aceitabilidad