Leadership within the organization. The future leaders

Although there is no unity of views regarding the relation between management and leadership, there are still existing common points, among these being able to mention that in the extremely dynamic conditions in which is improving the organizations today and even more so in the future, is needed of practicing an effective leadership, of full involvement of people to achieve the goals and ensuring the success, of joint action of those, based o team spirit, to which a essential contribution has the leader, which implies strongly, affective and affective, motivating and determining the group members to ac effectively and harmonized. The effective leader must dispose of certain characteristics, native or/and acquired trough training, to know to communicate well with the team members, to be creative, inventive, have vision, to accept and even to cause the change, which will be and competitive advantage in the competitive environment increasingly emphasized

"Colored" Anthroponyms: the Black in the Family Name

Colors, being omnipresent in our daily life, we often meet them in onomastics as well: in the names of plants and animals, toponyms and anthroponyms. Therefore, in the official anthroponymic nomenclature, we attest today the family names: Albu, Bălan, Căruntu, Laiu, Negru, Smadu, Roșu, etc. whose formation is based on the names of colors: alb, bălan, cărunt, lai, negru, smad, roșu, etc. The colors in the family names originally had the function of a nickname or surname and were assigned to people with specific characteristics. The chromatic term black (or equivalents expressing shades of this "prototype color") was often used in anthroponymy to designate persons, as an allusion to the color of their skin, hair, eyes, etc. Thus, through this study, we aim to inventory, analyse and present some surnames from this category, referring to their documentary attestations and their current records

Determinants of tax avoidance – evidence on profit tax-paying companies in Romania

Our objective is to investigate the determinants of tax avoidance in Romanian companies in 2013–2017. Our initial sample comprises 236 privately owned companies that are payers of profit tax and have been found guilty of tax evasion. This was matched with 236 ‘compliant’ companies structured similarly by industry, whereas the final sample comprises 1674-year-observations. We defined ‘compliant’ those companies that have never been prosecuted for tax evasion. Our main finding is that larger companies with lower financial performance and lower leverage ratio are more inclined towards tax avoidance. The geographical region and the industry sector in which companies operate in are also determining their tax avoidant-behaviour. Surprisingly, the fiscal regulations amended starting with 2016 did not lead to an apparent exacerbation of tax avoidance among profit tax payers

In Vitro Study of Benzimidazole Derivatives, Tetrahydropyrimidines and Macrocyclic Lactones Therapeutic Efficacy in Dog Hookworms

The study was conducted using faecal samples from 62 dogs. We tested the ovicidal and larvicidal effects of albendazole (ABZ), mebendazole (MBZ), fenbendazole (FBZ) and flubendazole (FLU) by Egg hatch assay (EHA) and larval development assay (LDA). For pyrantel (PYR) and selamectin (SEL) we tested the larvicidal effects by LDA. In all in vitro tests, benzimidazoles efficacy was low, with a high risk of inducing resistance phenomena. In EHA more than 50% of the hookworm eggs hatched, revealing a low efficacy of all tested benzimidazoles. The regression line was positive for all benzimidazoles, FBZ having the smallest value of the Y parameter (62.62), and lower risk of resistance. When testing the larvicidal effects, a superior efficacy of benzimidazoles was observed. The lowest MIC was for MBZ (0.8672μg/ml). ABZ had a very poor effect (8.46750 μg/ml). The Y parameter showed a lower risk of inducing resistance for MBZ (Y= -64.14) and FBZ (Y= -27.89). Pyrantel and Selamectin were very effective, presenting also a very low risk of inducing resistance phenomena. For PYR and SEL, MIC was 0.2131 μg/ml and 2.7921 μg/ml, respectively. The Y parameter was -448.37 for PYR and -62.74 for SEL, with minimal risk of inducing the adaptive phenomena

Determination of Resistance Reference Parameters of Equine Strongyls to Anthelmintic

The research undertaken during November 2008 - April 2009 was aimed to find the required pharmacological reference parameters in order to diagnosis the resistance phenomenon of equine strongyls. Strongyls eggs originated from a total of 126 faecal samples collected during the 6 months of study on three different areas of the Danube Delta, where it is estimated that there are a number of over 4,000 wild untreated equine. Testing effectiveness of Mebendazole (MBZ), Fenbendazole (FBZ) and Ivermectine (IVM) was performed in vitro by larva development assay (LDA). To Fenbendazole the reference lethal concentrations were LC50 0.0089µg/ml; LC90 -0.7430µg/ml and LC100 -0.9265µg/ml with a MIC of -18.6031µg/ml. To Mebendazole the reference lethal concentrations were LC50 -0.0078µg/ml, LC90 -0.4566µg/ml and LC100 -0.5688µg/ml with a MIC of 21.4542µg/ml. To Ivermectine the reference parameters were LC50 -0.00028µg/ml, LC90 0.0011µg/ml and LC100 0.0013µg/ml with a MIC of -250.004µg/ml

Discussing energy volatility and policy in the aftermath of the Russia–Ukraine conflict

The ongoing Russo–Ukrainian War has highly affected energy markets in the EU and worldwide, with different EU- and country-level emergency policy measures being advanced to tackle high energy prices. Despite the progress in green energy initiatives and the race toward climate neutrality by 2050, high energy prices are a matter of concern for all EU countries in the short-to-medium term. The current study investigates the energy price volatility in the aftermath of the Russia–Ukraine conflict, which is of high interest for designing effective government measures (such as monetary and energy policies) addressing the consequent changes occurring in employment, economic activity, commodity and food prices, and, ultimately, sustainable development. For the empirical analysis, we employed generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity models to capture the volatility of the following energy commodities: Brent crude oil, TTF natural gas, and UK natural gas. The empirical results reveal an elevated degree of persistence of the volatility, namely, that the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity term has a slow decay and pronounced fluctuations for all the energy products. The vulnerability of the EU’s energy policy to geopolitical factors is highlighted, especially for gas, which could be due to its dependence on Russian imports. Moreover, the sanctions imposed by the EU on Russia, namely the sixth package of sanctions, have a minimal immediate effect on stabilizing energy returns. The study offers several policy recommendations to improve the resilience of the EU’s energy sector