Meta-Analysis of a Complex Network of Non-Pharmacological Interventions: The Example of Femoral Neck Fracture

Background Surgical interventions raise specific methodological issues in network meta-analysis (NMA). They are usually multi-component interventions resulting in complex networks of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), with multiple groups and sparse connections. Purpose To illustrate the applicability of the NMA in a complex network of surgical interventions and to prioritize the available interventions according to a clinically relevant outcome. Methods We considered RCTs of treatments for femoral neck fracture in adults. We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and ClinicalTrials.gov up to November 2015. Two reviewers independently selected trials, extracted data and used the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing the risk of bias. A group of orthopedic surgeons grouped similar but not identical interventions under the same node. We synthesized the network using a Bayesian network meta-analysis model. We derived posterior odds ratios (ORs) and 95% credible intervals (95% CrIs) for all possible pairwise comparisons. The primary outcome was all-cause revision surgery. Results Data from 27 trials were combined, for 4,186 participants (72% women, mean age 80 years, 95% displaced fractures). The median follow-up was 2 years. With hemiarthroplasty (HA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) as a comparison, risk of surgical revision was significantly higher with the treatments unthreaded cervical osteosynthesis (OR 8.0 [95% CrI 3.6–15.5] and 5.9 [2.4–12.0], respectively), screw (9.4 [6.0–16.5] and 6.7 [3.9–13.6]) and plate (12.5 [5.8–23.8] and 7.8 [3.8–19.4]). Conclusions In older women with displaced femoral neck fractures, arthroplasty (HA and THA) is the most effective treatment in terms of risk of revision surgery

Applicability and generalisability of published results of randomised controlled trials and non-randomised studies evaluating four orthopaedic procedures: methodological systematic review

Objective To compare the reporting of essential applicability data from randomised controlled trials and non-randomised studies evaluating four new orthopaedic surgical procedures

Comparison of Patient and Surgeon Expectations of Total Hip Arthroplasty

OBJECTIVES: Analysis of discrepancies between patient and surgeon expectations before total hip arthroplasty (THA) should enable a better understanding of motives of dissatisfaction about surgery, but this question has been seldom studied. Our objectives were to compare surgeons' and patients' expectations before THA, and to study factors which affected surgeon-patient agreement. METHODS: 132 adults (mean age 62.8+/-13.7 years, 52% men) on waiting list for THA in three tertiary care centres and their 16 surgeons were interviewed to assess their expectations using the Hospital for Special Surgery Total Hip Replacement Expectations Survey (range 0-100). Patients' and surgeons' answers were compared, for the total score and for the score of each item. Univariate analyses tested the effect of patients' characteristics on surgeons' and patients' expectations separately, and on surgeon-patient differences. RESULTS: Surgeon and patient expectations' mean scores were high (respectively 90.9+/-11.1 and 90.0+/-11.6 over 100). Surgeons' and patients' expectations showed no systematic difference, but there was little agreement on Bland and Altman graph and correlation coefficient was low. Patients had higher expectations than surgeons for sports. Patients rated their expectations according to trust in physician and mental quality of life, surgeons considered disability. More disabled patients and patients from a low-income professional category were often "more optimistic" than their surgeons. CONCLUSION: Surgeons and patients often do not agree on what to expect from THA. More disabled patients expect better outcomes than their surgeons

Targeting Bone Alleviates Osteoarthritis in Osteopenic Mice and Modulates Cartilage Catabolism

Subchondral bone modifications occur early in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). The level of bone resorption might impact cartilage remodeling. We therefore assessed the in vivo and in vitro effects of targeting bone resorption in OA and cartilage metabolism.OA was induced by meniscectomy (MNX) in ovariectomized osteopenic mice (OP) treated with estradiol (E2), pamidronate (PAM), or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for 6 weeks. We assessed the subchondral bone and cartilage structure and the expression of cartilage matrix proteases. To assess the involvement of bone soluble factors in cartilage metabolism, supernatant of human bone explants pre-treated with E2 or PAM were transferred to cartilage explants to assess proteoglycan release and aggrecan cleavage. OPG/RANKL mRNA expression was assessed in bone explants by real-time quantitative PCR. The role of osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the bone-cartilage crosstalk was tested using an OPG neutralizing antibody.Bone mineral density of OP mice and osteoclast number were restored by E2 and PAM (p<0.05). In OP mice, E2 and PAM decreased ADAMTS-4 and -5 expression, while only PAM markedly reduced OA compared to PBS (2.0±0.63 vs 5.2±0.95; p<0.05). OPG/RANKL mRNA was increased in human bone explants treated with both drugs (2.2-3.7-fold). Moreover, supernatants from bone explants cultured with E2 or PAM reduced aggrecan cleavage and cartilage proteoglycan release (73±8.0% and 80±22% of control, respectively, p<0.05). This effect was reversed with osteoprotegerin blockade.The inhibition of bone resorption by pamidronate in osteopenic mice alleviates the histological OA score with a reduction in the expression of aggrecanases. Bone soluble factors, such as osteoprotegerin, impact the cartilage response to catabolic factors. This study further highlights the importance of subchondral bone in the regulation of joint cartilage damage in OA

Résultats à moyen terme d implants cotyloïdiens métal-back press-fit recouverts d hydroxyapatite et à couple de frottement alumine - alumine

PARIS7-Xavier Bichat (751182101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Etude des migrations des tiges fémorales non cimentées recouvertes d'hydroxyapatite dans les arthroplasties totales de hanche (à propos de 125 cas étudiés grâce au logiciel EBRA-FCA)

PARIS5-BU Méd.Cochin (751142101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocCentre Technique Livre Ens. Sup. (774682301) / SudocSudocFranceF

Résultats cliniques et radiologiques de l' arthroplastie totale de hanche couple alumine-alumine, à plus de 15 ans de recul

L arthroplastie totale de hanche (PTH) est une intervention rodée mais sujette à discussion, notamment concernant le couple de frottement. Actuellement le couple de référence reste le métal polyéthylène car c est celui qui bénéficie du plus grand recul. Le but de notre étude est d évaluer les résultats cliniques et radiologiques à long terme du couple Alumine Alumine dernière génération dans l arthroplastie totale de hanche. Matériels et Méthode: Il s agit d une étude rétrospective des patients opérés entre 1990 et 1992. L implant cotyloïdien est un métal-back impacté avec une âme en alumine et l implant fémoral est une tige scellée avec une tête prothétique en alumine impactée sur un cône morse. Les patients ont tous eu un contrôle radiologique au premier et dernier recul associé à un examen clinique ou questionnaire téléphonique avec calcul du score PMA. Résultats: Sur 225 PTH (206 patients), selon la loi de Kaplan-Meier, la survie cumulée à 20 ans est de 92,6%. Le score PMA moyen est de 17,39 (entre 9 et 18). 79% présentent un liseré cotyloïdien et/ou fémoral, 14 ont nécessité une reprise chirurgicale (10 liées aux implants, 4 liées à la technique). 43 patients sont décédés (1 en postopératoire immédiat). Discussion: L arthroplastie totale de hanche, couple alumine-alumine, semble donner à long terme de très bons résultats tant cliniques que radiologiques. Elle a pour avantage de ne pas souffrir de l usure du matériau. La difficulté de l étude réside dans la collecte des données. L idéal serait d évaluer à très long terme ce matériau dans une étude multicentrique afin qu il puisse réellement égaler, voire supplanter, le couple métal-polyéthylène.PARIS6-Bibl.Pitié-Salpêtrie (751132101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Prothèses totales de hanche bilatérale en un temps (Evaluation à moyen terme sur 66 patients)

LE KREMLIN-B.- PARIS 11-BU Méd (940432101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

The design and assessment of prospective randomised, controlled trials in orthopaedic surgery.

International audienceRandomised controlled trials represent the gold standard in the evaluation of outcome of treatment. They are needed because differences between treatment effects have been minimised and observational studies may give a biased estimation of the outcome. However, conducting this kind of trial is challenging. Several methodological issues, including patient or surgeon preference, blinding, surgical standardisation, as well as external validity, have to be addressed in order to lower the risk of bias. Specific tools have been developed in order to take into account the specificity of evaluation of the literature on non-pharmacological intervention. A better knowledge of methodological issues will allow the orthopaedic surgeon to conduct more appropriate studies and to better appraise the limits of his intervention

Arthroscopic evaluation and treatment of a squeaking hip. A case report

Squeaking of ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty is an unexpected complication which occurs in 1- 30% of patients. Revision surgery is required in 0.2% of the cases, when a ceramic fracture is suspected, or in case of severe malposition of the implants, subluxation, or impingement. Hip arthroscopy may be a useful diagnostic and therapeutic option in squeaking hips