Academic Honesty and the Millennials

An article exploring faculty difficulties with the Millenial generation

A Guide to Event Promotion: Internet Marketing for a Live Musical Event in Las Vegas

A global industry of festivals and musical events has evolved and developed rapidly especially since the late 1960’s starting with Woodstock. The industry continues today with large-scale multiple stage events that bring in over hundreds of thousands of people. Las Vegas is known by many as the city of entertainment, with world-renowned Cirque Du Soleil shows, poolside concerts at the Cosmopolitan, and the thriving Electric Daisy Carnival. The phenomenal growth of this industry coupled with increased consumer awareness and choice requires sustained development and expansion in the future. Concerts and festivals are unique events that attract audiences. Music-based events are a popular form of entertainment; however research exploring the best practices of promoting a musical event to audiences is sparse. Music events are coveted because they attract attendees from all over the world to Las Vegas, whether for traveling, musical admiration, or of course the festival experience. These events are a part of a huge multi-million dollar industry and without them; the hospitality industry in Las Vegas would have a difficult time attracting potential visitors. It is crucial for event managers to identify a clear model to attract attendees, keep up with ever changing trends, and promote appropriately. Social media provides a straightforward method to assess demographics for festivals. Effective online marketing strategies that promoters use to advertise events will be examined and discussed. First, starting with social media basics, online marketing, other entertainment companies, mobile applications, then leading in to suggested strategies for the event execution. These marketing strategies have been used by other companies and deemed valuable for the business. These events could not be marketed or advertised without the help of social media. In the past ten years, the Internet and social media have completely changed how consumers view products and brands. Now, instead of purchasing items from a store or magazine, consumers are able to research products, services, and interests online and then share what they have experienced through social media (Hudson & Hudson, 2012)

Evidence for Four-Top Quark Production at the LHC

The standard model production of four top quarks is predicted to have a cross section of the order of 12fb. The CMS Collaboration presents new results on this rare production mechanism for Run 2 data collected in 2016 through 2018 at 13 TeV, considering event signatures containing zero to four electrons or muons. This is the first time the all-hadronic channel is investigated in the study of four top quarks, made possible through novel machine learning based data-driven background estimation techniques.Comment: Talk at the 15th International Workshop on Top Quark Physics, Durham, UK, 4-9 September 2022. 7 pages, 1 table, 6 figure

Genetic analysis of seed traits in \u3ci\u3eSorghum bicolor\u3c/i\u3e that affect the human gut microbiome

Prebiotic fibers, polyphenols and other molecular components of food crops significantly affect the composition and function of the human gut microbiome and human health. The abundance of these, frequently uncharacterized, microbiome-active components vary within individual crop species. Here, we employ high throughput in vitro fermentations of pre-digested grain using a human microbiome to identify segregating genetic loci in a food crop, sorghum, that alter the composition and function of human gut microbes. Evaluating grain produced by 294 sorghum recombinant inbreds identifies 10 loci in the sorghum genome associated with variation in the abundance of microbial taxa and/or microbial metabolites. Two loci co-localize with sorghum genes regulating the biosynthesis of condensed tannins. We validate that condensed tannins stimulate the growth of microbes associated with these two loci. Our work illustrates the potential for genetic analysis to systematically discover and characterize molecular components of food crops that influence the human gut microbiome

Malaria Diagnosis and Hospitalization Trends, Brazil

Malaria Diagnosis and Hospitalization Trends, Brazi

Significance of herpesvirus immediate early gene expression in cellular immunity to cytomegalovirus infection

Interstitial pneumonia linked with reactivation of latent human cytomegalovirus due to iatrogenic immunosuppression can be a serious complication of bone marrow transplantation therapy of aplastic anaemia and acute leukaemia1. Cellular immunity plays a critical role in the immune surveillance of inapparent cytomegalovirus infections in man and the mouse1−7. The molecular basis of latency, however, and the interaction between latently or recurrently infected cells and the immune system of the host are poorfy understood. We have detected a so far unknown antigen in the mouse model. This antigen is found in infected cells in association with the expression of the herpesvirus 'immediate early' genes and is recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL)8. We now demonstrate that an unexpectedly high proportion of the CTL precursors generated in vivo during acute murine cytomegalovirus infection are specific for cells that selectively synthesize immediate early proteins, indicating an immunodominant role of viral non-structural proteins

Cross-Reactive Human IgM-Derived Monoclonal Antibodies that Bind to HIV-1 Envelope Glycoproteins

Elicitation of antibodies with potent and broad neutralizing activity against HIV by immunization remains a challenge. Several monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) isolated from humans with HIV-1 infection exhibit such activity but vaccine immunogens based on structures containing their epitopes have not been successful for their elicitation. All known broadly neutralizing mAbs (bnmAbs) are immunoglobulin (Ig) Gs (IgGs) and highly somatically hypermutated which could impede their elicitation. Ig Ms (IgMs) are on average significantly less divergent from germline antibodies and are relevant for the development of vaccine immunogens but are underexplored compared to IgGs. Here we describe the identification and characterization of several human IgM-derived mAbs against HIV-1 which were selected from a large phage-displayed naive human antibody library constructed from blood, lymph nodes and spleens of 59 healthy donors. These antibodies bound with high affinity to recombinant envelope glycoproteins (gp140s, Envs) of HIV-1 isolates from different clades. They enhanced or did not neutralize infection by some of the HIV-1 primary isolates using CCR5 as a coreceptor but neutralized all CXCR4 isolates tested although weakly. One of these antibodies with relatively low degree of somatic hypermutation was more extensively characterized. It bound to a highly conserved region partially overlapping with the coreceptor binding site and close to but not overlapping with the CD4 binding site. These results suggest the existence of conserved structures that could direct the immune response to non-neutralizing or even enhancing antibodies which may represent a strategy used by the virus to escape neutralizing immune responses. Further studies will show whether such a strategy plays a role in HIV infection of humans, how important that role could be, and what the mechanisms of infection enhancement are. The newly identified mAbs could be used as reagents to further characterize conserved non-neutralizing, weakly neutralizing or enhancing epitopes and modify or remove them from candidate vaccine immunogens

Conducting clinical trials in sub-Saharan Africa: challenges and lessons learned from the Malawi Cryptosporidium study

Background An effective drug to treat cryptosporidial diarrhea in HIV-infected individuals is a global health priority. Promising drugs need to be evaluated in endemic areas which may be challenged by both lack of resources and experience to conduct International Committee of Harmonisation-Good Clinical Practice (ICH-GCP)-compliant clinical trials. Methods We present the challenges and lessons learned in implementing a phase 2A, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of clofazimine, in treatment of cryptosporidiosis among HIV-infected adults at a single site in Malawi. Results Primary challenges are grouped under study initiation, study population, study implementation, and cultural issues. The lessons learned primarily deal with regulatory system and operational barriers, and recommendations can be applied to other human experimental trials in low- and middle-income countries, specifically in sub-Saharan Africa. Conclusion This study demonstrated that initiating and implementing human experimental trials in sub-Saharan Africa can be challenging. However, solutions exist and successful execution requires careful planning, ongoing evaluation, responsiveness to new developments, and oversight of all trial operations