Studies on growth and mortality of Cyprinus carpio (Lin.) in floating ponds

Growth and mortality rate of Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus) under five different dietary conditions were studied in fifteen floating net cages in ponds of the Bangladesh Agricultural University Campus, Mymensingh. Growth rate was found to vary under different dietary conditions. The feed with mixture of 25% rice bran, 5% wheat bran, 30% linseed oil cake and 40% water hyacinth leaf meal exhibited the highest growth rate. The gain of log of body weight per unit increase of log of total length was significant. Significant survivals of the fishes were found

Removal of dissolved organics from produced water by forward osmosis

This study investigated the performance of the forward osmosis (FO) process for treating produced water. Water permeate flux and reverse salt flux (RSF) were examined at different feed pH values and operating configurations (i.e. FO, pressure retarded osmosis (PRO), and reverse osmosis (RO) modes). Acetic acid was selected as a model organic acid to present the dissolved organic fraction in produced water. Results reported here indicate that only membranes specifically designed for FO applications can be used in the FO and PRO modes. Due to the internal concentration polarization phenomenon, the PRO mode resulted in a higher water permeate flux and RSF than those in the FO mode. Acetate rejection was pH dependent in both the FO and RO modes. Furthermore, in the RO mode, acetate rejections by the FO membranes were higher than their nanofiltration counterparts. Results reported here suggest that FO can be a viable treatment option for the removal of dissolved organics from produced water

External change agents in developed and developing countries

During the last four decades, educational researchers and practitioners have intensively engaged in bringing about positive changes in schools. Therefore, the kinds of changes introduced to schools have become complex in nature and overwhelming in number – from improving teacher professional knowledge base and teaching repertoires to developing innovative curricula to changing the organizational structures and cultures in schools. The skills required by schools and teachers to implement these changes have also become more complex. Consequently, a large number of external agents – variously referred to as consultants, linking agents, education officers, or supervisors – have mobilized themselves for building schools’ capacity and knowledge utilization at the local level. This article intends to analyse the existing stock of knowledge and understanding about external agents’ roles and practices in school change, focusing on the significance, limitations, diversity and magnitude, and the challenges and tensions attached to this role in both developed and developing nations. The comparative analysis of the external change agents’ roles and practices in the developed and developing country contexts provides useful insights into how context influences the change agents’ roles and practices in school change

Predictors for anastomotic leak, postoperative complications, and mortality after right colectomy for cancer: Results from an international snapshot audit

Background: A right hemicolectomy is among the most commonly performed operations for colon cancer, but modern high-quality, multination data addressing the morbidity and mortality rates are lacking. Objective: This study reports the morbidity and mortality rates for right-sided colon cancer and identifies predictors for unfavorable short-term outcome after right hemicolectomy. Design: This was a snapshot observational prospective study. Setting: The study was conducted as a multicenter international study. Patients: The 2015 European Society of Coloproctology snapshot study was a prospective multicenter international series that included all patients undergoing elective or emergency right hemicolectomy or ileocecal resection over a 2-month period in early 2015. This is a subanalysis of the colon cancer cohort of patients. Main Outcome Measures: Predictors for anastomotic leak and 30-day postoperative morbidity and mortality were assessed using multivariable mixed-effect logistic regression models after variables selection with the Lasso method. Results: Of the 2515 included patients, an anastomosis was performed in 97.2% (n = 2444), handsewn in 38.5% (n = 940) and stapled in 61.5% (n = 1504) cases. The overall anastomotic leak rate was 7.4% (180/2444), 30-day morbidity was 38.0% (n = 956), and mortality was 2.6% (n = 66). Patients with anastomotic leak had a significantly increased mortality rate (10.6% vs 1.6% no-leak patients; p 65 0.001). At multivariable analysis the following variables were associated with anastomotic leak: longer duration of surgery (OR = 1.007 per min; p = 0.0037), open approach (OR = 1.9; p = 0.0037), and stapled anastomosis (OR = 1.5; p = 0.041). Limitations: This is an observational study, and therefore selection bias could be present. For this reason, a multivariable logistic regression model was performed, trying to correct possible confounding factors. Conclusions: Anastomotic leak after oncologic right hemicolectomy is a frequent complication, and it is associated with increased mortality. The key contributing surgical factors for anastomotic leak were anastomotic technique, surgical approach, and duration of surgery