Research and application of engine electronic control training bench based on Changan Ford

Whether it is responsible for the professional teaching of vehicle vocational college teachers, or the students who study auto repair on campus, they should master the structure, principle and fault maintenance of the latest automobile circuit control system to diff erent degrees, otherwise it is diffi cult to match the development of modern automobile new technology. In the actual teaching process found, fi rst of all, for the real car is diffi cult to set idle or start the fault demonstration process, students are diffi cult to understand the principle of these failures, must use the engine electronic control training platform to meet the teaching needs. Secondly, most of today’s automotive companies recruit college graduates who require talents with specialized brand service skills. Therefore, higher vocational colleges must cooperate with enterprises to train specialized automobile service talents

Cloning and characterization of the immunodominant membrane protein of mulberry yellow dwarf phytoplasma

Mulberry yellow dwarf (MYD) disease is a quarantine disease in China and the causal agent is a phytoplasma. The antigenic membrane protein (Amp) of the ‘‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’’ was hypothesized to play an important role in insect transmission specificity. Here, we firstly cloned and characterized Amp gene from the ‘‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’’, MYD strain. The results showed that the MYD Amp gene consisted of 702 nt encoding a predicted protein of 233 aa which was highly similar to Amp of ‘‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’’, sumac witches’-broom phytoplasma (SWB) strain and mulberry dwarf phytoplasma (MD) strain. Prediction of protein structure showed that the MYD-Amp protein possess an N-terminal export leader sequence (Amp-E), a large central hydrophilic domain (Amp-H) and a C-terminal transmembrane domain with a short hydrophilic domain (Amp-T).Key words: Mulberry yellow dwarf phytoplasma, Immunodominant membrane protein

High-throughput Sequencing Analysis of Microbial Community Diversity in Xiangzao of Made from Huangjiu (Yellow Rice Wine) Vinasse during Spontaneous Fermentation

The microbial community diversity in huangjiu (yellow rice wine) vinasse during spontaneous fermentation into Xiangzao was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. It turned out that the bacterial and fungal diversity was abundant. During the whole fermentation process, Proteobacteria was the dominant bacterial phylum, whose relative abundance ranged from 71.26% to 75.27%. The relative abundance of Firmicutes was 16.09% in the initial stage of fermentation and showed a downward trend in the middle and late stages. The dominant bacterial genera were Aquabacterium and Brevundimonas. The relative abundance of Aquabacterium was 22.48% at the beginning of fermentation, increased to 24.94% at the middle, and decreased to 21.29% at the end. Bacillus and Lactobacillus were also found during fermentation. The dominant phylum of fungi was Ascomycota, and its relative abundance decreased from 63.46% at the beginning of fermentation to 51.68% at the end. The dominant genus of fungi was Pichia, and its relative abundance ranged from 6.58% to 13.79%. Additionally, the relative abundance of Tausonia and Mortierella was above 3%. To sum up, the microbial community diversity is abundant during the spontaneous fermentation of huangjiu vinasse, and the fermentation process has a significant impact on the relative abundance of microorganisms

Infrasound measurement and processing

This project involved the selection of equipments, setting up and testing of an infrasound measurement system. A total of three systems were setup. The first two systems have its limitations and thus being replaced. The final system is what deemed to be best with the provided resources. This report traces the development process, from the selection of hardware to setting up the system and finally to doing the outfield data acquisition. Sensor research found out that Chaparral Physics Model 25 Infrasound sensor to be most suitable for this project. Its robust design and technical ability makes outdoor data acquisition practical. The few main components are battery, inverter, laptop, USB DAQ device and the infrasound sensor. The sensor is connected to a DAQ device which convert analog signals to digital and output to the laptop via USB. The batteries power the sensor and inverter which in turns power the laptop. A few dry run tests were carried out to determine the functionality of the system and the results were plotted using Matlab. The test results show clearly that the system is able to capture infrasonic signal from man-made wind. The system is also able to record signals from a bus engine which is slightly more than 20Hz. This project shows encouraging results for measuring infrasound. To improve on the system, more data collection can be done in different places due to different infrasound sources. Algorithm using neural network can be developed to help classify the various infrasound gathered.Bachelor of Engineerin

Live-Cell In Vitro Aneurysm System using 3D Printing

Intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture is a major health risk that often leads to permanent neurological damages and even death. Management of IAs has been challenging due to limited understanding of the underlying cellular mechanism of aneurysm progression. The endothelial cells have been known to play an important role in most vascular diseases. However, there has been a lack of understanding on how endothelial cells contribute to the pathogenesis of aneurysms. This study aims to develop an in vitro platform that will enable future studies of the effects of fluid mechanical environment on live endothelial cells by using 3D printing technology.The elements of the flow environment, e.g., the velocity field and shear stress in an aneurysm, were simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). These elements were then compared with those computed by particle image velocimetry (PIV) using the videos of tracers flown through a 3D printed aneurysm model. For live-cell experiments, the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured on the substrate in the area enclosed by the 3D printed aneurysms perfused at different flow rates. The results showed a region-specific pattern in HUVECs density that can be correlated to the fluid mechanical elements such as velocity field and shear stress. The cell density decreased significantly at the aneurysm proximal neck and belly regions, where shear stress is low with non-directional flow, and increased at the distal neck region, where shear stress is higher.This study demonstrates the feasibility of a live-cell in vitro aneurysm model created using 3D printing. The development of this system with long-term live-cell culture in 3D printed aneurysm structures will enable future investigations to study the effects of fluid mechanical elements on endothelial cells. Such studies will contribute to better device design and clinical management for the aneurysm patients

Cultivating English learners' critical literacy in mainland China through the four resources model in blended learning

Critical literacy, bringing literacy education into a wider socio-cultural context, has become an important focus in literacy studies. The global academia has contributed rich theories and educational models to this field. Recently, although the deficiency in English learners’ critical literacy has caught an increasing attention in Mainland China, the pedagogical solutions to this problem are still in urgent need. Drawing on the Four Resources Model (4RM) and the principles of critical literacy, this thesis seeks to explore how to cultivate English learners’ critical literacy in blended learning. By taking a qualitative action research (AR), this project was designed to include two inter-linked studies (Study 1 and Study 2) in a first-year English class at a university in Central China over a two-semester period. Study 1 investigated the status quo of the research site to map the weaknesses in Chinese English education. It involved 28 students and 5 English teachers. Data were collected through students’ first written reports of English learning experiences and the interviews with the participants. It finds evidence to prove the claim of English learners’ deficiency in critical literacy in China, moreover, extends the boundaries of the current discussion from focusing on this problem at the college-level to involving evidence from students’ pre-tertiary education. Finally, Study 1 offers suggestions to design the following AR process in Study 2. Study 2 was designed from three aspects that emerged from Study 1: learning materials, learning environment, and pedagogical changes. Participants were the same group of students as in Study 1. Data were collected to examine students’ critical literacy development across time, including their second and third written reports of English learning, classroom observations, interviews, and the data from Moodle activities. Study 2 finds that, by implementing the AR intervention suggested by Study 1, students’ critical literacy was shown to improve with noticeable evidence as follows: 1) more texts were involved from the outside world into English learning in both classroom and Moodle activities, 2) students’ participation and the increase in critical practices in the classroom and Moodle activities, and 3) the process of students’ gradual empowerment developed in shifting from teacher-led, to teacher-facilitated, and finally student-led patterns in the whole-class discussion, group discussion, and textbook learning activities, particularly in student-initiated English Salons. Finally, this project drew on the findings to discuss new insights into the 4RM and blended learning. Moreover, it offered a Confucian model for the process of critical literacy practices to promote the dialogue between theories from China and the world in future research. This study may contribute to future critical literacy projects in China by highlighting five points: 1) involving multiple learning materials into the process of connecting texts and the outside world; 2) building a blended learning environment to provide more opportunities for critical practices; 3) involving a progression of constant negotiations with multiple texts, viewpoints, and learners’ linguistic and cultural identities; 4) engaging teachers’ bottom-up initiatives for knowledge sharing and policy development; and 5) localising the critical literacy theory and practice from the Chinese socio-cultural perspective.published_or_final_versionEducationDoctoralDoctor of Philosoph

Ultrasound-assisted processing: Changes in gel properties, water-holding capacity, and protein aggregation of low-salt Hypophthalmichthys molitrix surimi by soy protein isolate

The effects of ultrasound combined (25 kHz, 400 ± 20 W/L, ultrasonic time of 5, 10 and 15 min) with soy protein isolate processing on gelling properties of low-salt silver carp surimi, aggregation and conformation of myofibrillar protein were investigated. The results revealed that, compared with only adding soy protein isolate components, ultrasound-assisted soy protein isolate had a more obvious effect on the protein structure in low-salt surimi, leading to the decrease in α-helix and total sulfhydryl contents, and the increase in β-sheet content and protein solubility. As a result, more proteins participated in the formation of the gel network, and significant improvements in hardness, gel strength and water-holding capacity of the low-salt surimi gel were observed, while the myosin heavy chain in SDS-PAGE was weakened. The low-field NMR results showed that the initial relaxation time of T2 was apparently shorter, the free water content decreased and the bound water content increased under the action of ultrasound. Scanning electron microscope observation found that the surimi gel treated by ultrasound exhibited smaller holes, and had a more stable and denser network structure. In conclusion, the results of our work demonstrated that ultrasound combined with soy protein isolate can significantly improve the gel quality properties of low-salt silver carp

Optimization of Composition and Heat Treating of Die Steels for Extended Lifetime

An ''average'' die casting die costs fifty thousand dollars. A die used in making die cast aluminum engine blocks can cost well over one million dollars. These costs provide a strong incentive for extension of die life. While vacuum quenched Premium Grade H13 dies have become the most widely used in the United States, tool makers and die casters are constantly searching for new steels and heat treating procedures to extend die life. This project was undertaken to investigate the effects of composition and heat treating on die life and optimize these parameters