7 research outputs found
Sialylation: An alternative to designing long-acting and targeted drug delivery system
Long-acting and specific targeting are two important properties of excellent drug delivery systems. Currently, the long-acting strategies based on polyethylene glycol (PEG) are controversial, and PEGylation is incapable of simultaneously possessing targeting ability. Thus, it is crucial to identify and develop approaches to produce long-acting and targeted drug delivery systems. Sialic acid (SA) is an endogenous, negatively charged, nine-carbon monosaccharide. SA not only mediates immune escape in the body but also binds to numerous disease related targets. This suggests a potential strategy, namely “sialylation,” for preparing long-acting and targeted drug delivery systems. This review focuses on the application status of SA-based long-acting and targeted agents as a reference for subsequent research
Analysis and Design for Object-oriented Multi-tier Architecture of Public Opinion Survey System Based on UML
Structure–Property Correlations of Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive and Hydrogen Peroxide-Eliminating Materials with Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities
To
develop reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive anti-inflammatory
materials and establish their structure–property correlations,
a series of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-eliminating materials (OxbCDs)
were designed and synthesized by conjugating different phenylboronic
acid pinacol ester (PBAP) groups onto a biocompatible scaffold compound
β-cyclodextrin via varied linker groups. Both the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-triggered hydrolysis profiles and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-eliminating capacities of these materials were dependent
on the chemical structure of the PBAP moieties. Together with the
elucidation of hydrolysis mechanisms, we established structure–property
correlations of these OxbCD materials. Extensive in vitro experiments
revealed nanoparticles (NPs) based on OxbCDs showed no adverse biological
effects on normal cells. OxbCD NPs could effectively inhibit inflammatory
responses and oxidative stress in stimulated macrophages. Consistently,
OxbCD NPs efficaciously alleviated the symptoms of peritonitis in
mice, with respect to reducing the counts of neutrophils and macrophages
as well as inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines,
chemokines, and oxidative mediators. Similarly, OxbCD NPs loaded with
anti-inflammatory drugs displayed superior efficacy in an acute inflammation
model of peritonitis in mice. More importantly, OxbCD NPs showed good
biocompatibility after administration via different routes. Consequently,
besides serving as anti-inflammatory materials, the newly developed
H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-eliminating materials may be utilized as
pharmacologically functional carriers for targeted therapy of many
diseases associated with inflammation and oxidative stress
Combined application of microbial inoculant and kelp-soaking wastewater promotes wheat seedlings growth and improves structural diversity of rhizosphere microbial community
Abstract Industrial processing of kelp generates large amounts of kelp-soaking wastewater (KSW), which contains a large amount of nutrient-containing substances. The plant growth-promoting effect might be further improved by combined application of growth-promoting bacteria and the nutrient-containing KSW. Here, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the effect of the mixture of KSW and Bacillus methylotrophicus M4-1 (MS) vs. KSW alone (SE) on wheat seedlings, soil properties and the microbial community structure in wheat rhizosphere soil. The available potassium, available nitrogen, organic matter content and urease activity of MS soil as well as the available potassium of the SE soil were significantly different (p < 0.05) from those of the CK with water only added, increased by 39.51%, 36.25%, 41.61%, 80.56% and 32.99%, respectively. The dry and fresh weight of wheat seedlings from MS plants increased by 166.17% and 50.62%, respectively, while plant height increased by 16.99%, compared with CK. Moreover, the abundance and diversity of fungi in the wheat rhizosphere soil were significantly increased (p < 0.05), the relative abundance of Ascomycetes and Fusarium spp. decreased, while the relative abundance of Bacillus and Mortierella increased. Collectively, the combination of KSW and the plant growth-promoting strain M4-1 can promote wheat seedlings growth and improve the microecology of rhizosphere microorganisms, thereby solving the problems of resource waste and environmental pollution, ultimately turning waste into economic gain