64 research outputs found
Multi-granularity Item-based Contrastive Recommendation
Contrastive learning (CL) has shown its power in recommendation. However,
most CL-based recommendation models build their CL tasks merely focusing on the
user's aspects, ignoring the rich diverse information in items. In this work,
we propose a novel Multi-granularity item-based contrastive learning (MicRec)
framework for the matching stage (i.e., candidate generation) in
recommendation, which systematically introduces multi-aspect item-related
information to representation learning with CL. Specifically, we build three
item-based CL tasks as a set of plug-and-play auxiliary objectives to capture
item correlations in feature, semantic and session levels. The feature-level
item CL aims to learn the fine-grained feature-level item correlations via
items and their augmentations. The semantic-level item CL focuses on the
coarse-grained semantic correlations between semantically related items. The
session-level item CL highlights the global behavioral correlations of items
from users' sequential behaviors in all sessions. In experiments, we conduct
both offline and online evaluations on real-world datasets, verifying the
effectiveness and universality of three proposed CL tasks. Currently, MicRec
has been deployed on a real-world recommender system, affecting millions of
users. The source code will be released in the future.Comment: 17 pages, under revie
Codebook Configuration for 1-bit RIS-aided Systems Based on Implicit Neural Representations
Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have become one of the key
technologies in 6G wireless communications. By configuring the reflection
beamforming codebooks, RIS focuses signals on target receivers. In this paper,
we investigate the codebook configuration for 1-bit RIS-aided systems. We
propose a novel learning-based method built upon the advanced methodology of
implicit neural representations. The proposed model learns a continuous and
differentiable coordinate-to-codebook representation from samplings. Our method
only requires the information of the user's coordinate and avoids the
assumption of channel models. Moreover, we propose an encoding-decoding
strategy to reduce the dimension of codebooks, and thus improve the learning
efficiency of the proposed method. Experimental results on simulation and
measured data demonstrated the remarkable advantages of the proposed method
ViT-Calibrator: Decision Stream Calibration for Vision Transformer
A surge of interest has emerged in utilizing Transformers in diverse vision
tasks owing to its formidable performance. However, existing approaches
primarily focus on optimizing internal model architecture designs that often
entail significant trial and error with high burdens. In this work, we propose
a new paradigm dubbed Decision Stream Calibration that boosts the performance
of general Vision Transformers. To achieve this, we shed light on the
information propagation mechanism in the learning procedure by exploring the
correlation between different tokens and the relevance coefficient of multiple
dimensions. Upon further analysis, it was discovered that 1) the final decision
is associated with tokens of foreground targets, while token features of
foreground target will be transmitted into the next layer as much as possible,
and the useless token features of background area will be eliminated gradually
in the forward propagation. 2) Each category is solely associated with specific
sparse dimensions in the tokens. Based on the discoveries mentioned above, we
designed a two-stage calibration scheme, namely ViT-Calibrator, including token
propagation calibration stage and dimension propagation calibration stage.
Extensive experiments on commonly used datasets show that the proposed approach
can achieve promising results. The source codes are given in the supplements.Comment: 14pages, 12 figure
Characterization of miRNAs in Response to Short-Term Waterlogging in Three Inbred Lines of Zea mays
Waterlogging of plants leads to low oxygen levels (hypoxia) in the roots and causes a metabolic switch from aerobic respiration to anaerobic fermentation that results in rapid changes in gene transcription and protein synthesis. Our research seeks to characterize the microRNA-mediated gene regulatory networks associated with short-term waterlogging. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate many genes involved in growth, development and various biotic and abiotic stress responses. To characterize the involvement of miRNAs and their targets in response to short-term hypoxia conditions, a quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay was used to quantify the expression of the 24 candidate mature miRNA signatures (22 known and 2 novel mature miRNAs, representing 66 miRNA loci) and their 92 predicted targets in three inbred Zea mays lines (waterlogging tolerant Hz32, mid-tolerant B73, and sensitive Mo17). Based on our studies, miR159, miR164, miR167, miR393, miR408 and miR528, which are mainly involved in root development and stress responses, were found to be key regulators in the post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms under short-term waterlogging conditions in three inbred lines. Further, computational approaches were used to predict the stress and development related cis-regulatory elements on the promoters of these miRNAs; and a probable miRNA-mediated gene regulatory network in response to short-term waterlogging stress was constructed. The differential expression patterns of miRNAs and their targets in these three inbred lines suggest that the miRNAs are active participants in the signal transduction at the early stage of hypoxia conditions via a gene regulatory network; and crosstalk occurs between different biochemical pathways
Can the Armβs Length Principle in the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines Fulfil the Minimum Requirements of the Transaction Approach in the Controlled Foreign Company Rules under Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive?
Generally, the ALP in TP regulations is widely applied in order to prevent price manipulation which will cause tax avoidance. And CFC regulations have usually been regarded as a βbackstopβ of TP regulations in terms of combating tax avoidance. While CFC regulations aim at achieving this goal in a divergent way of re-attributing the undistributed income back to the parent state. Thus, although CFC regulations are applicable in a narrower scope , it cannot be concluded categorically that CFC regulations are needless provided TP regulations are in use. Hence, the effort of this thesis paper will be devoted to the analysis of the interrelation between the ALP in TP regulations and model B of CFC regulations under ATAD, the fundamental discrepancies substantially rooted in them, and the consequences these disparities will make accordingly when these two regimes are separately applied to deter the profit shifting. The emphasis will also be placed on the tests of the concurrent application of both regimes under different scenarios. The focal point will end in answering the primary question: whether CFC regulations are truly a βbackstopβ of TP regulations and whether the TP regulations are capable of altering the CFC regulations under ATAD transaction approach as they may lead to the same result
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