Dynamic Simulation and Definition of Crop Coefficient for Typical Steppe in Inner Mongolia, China

There are few reference values for crop coefficients for natural grassland in FAO Irrigation and Drainage papers. The aim of this paper was to define crop coefficients under different water conditions for typical steppe vegeation in Inner Mongolia, based on actual observation data and statistical analysis, so as to accurately calculate the water demand and actual evapotranspiration of plant community in Inner Mongolia

Description of a new species of Forcipomyia (Euprojoannisia) Brèthes, 1914 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and a key to Chinese species of the subgenus

Forcipomyia (Euprojoannisia) coronacella Han et Hou sp. n. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) is described and illustrated based on male specimens from China. The new species is compared with the similar congeners, F. (Euprojoannisia) palustris (Meigen, 1804) and F. (Euprojoannisia) mucronis Liu et Yu, 2001. We provide separate keys for identification of the males and females of the species of the subgenus F. (Euprojoannisia) Brèthes in China

In-plane ferroelectric tunnel junctions based on 2D α-In\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eSe\u3csub\u3e3\u3c/sub\u3e/ semiconductor heterostructures

Ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs) have great potential for application in high-density non-volatile memories. Recently, α-In2Se3 was found to exhibit robust in-plane and out-of-plane ferroelectric polarizations at a monolayer thickness, which is ideal to serve as a ferroelectric component in miniaturized electronic devices. In this work, we design two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures composed of an α-In2Se3 ferroelectric and a hexagonal IV–VI semiconductor and propose an in-plane FTJ based on these heterostructures. Our first-principles calculations show that the electronic band structure of the designed heterostructures can be switched between insulating and metallic states by ferroelectric polarization. We demonstrate that the in-plane FTJ exhibits two distinct transport regimes, tunneling and metallic, for OFF and ON states, respectively, leading to a giant tunneling electroresistance effect with the OFF/ON resistance ratio exceeding 1 × 104. Our results provide a promising approach for the highdensity ferroelectric memory based on the 2D ferroelectric/semiconductor heterostructures

Experimental cyclic inter-conversion between Coherence and Quantum Correlations

Quantum resource theories seek to quantify sources of non-classicality that bestow quantum technologies their operational advantage. Chief among these are studies of quantum correlations and quantum coherence. The former to isolate non-classicality in the correlations between systems, the latter to capture non-classicality of quantum superpositions within a single physical system. Here we present a scheme that cyclically inter-converts between these resources without loss. The first stage converts coherence present in an input system into correlations with an ancilla. The second stage harnesses these correlations to restore coherence on the input system by measurement of the ancilla. We experimentally demonstrate this inter-conversion process using linear optics. Our experiment highlights the connection between non-classicality of correlations and non-classicality within local quantum systems, and provides potential flexibilities in exploiting one resource to perform tasks normally associated with the other.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, comments welcom

Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformation Combined with Multiple Aneurysms Diagnosed by CTA: A Case Report

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) combined with aneurysms is not uncommon, but AVM of the basilar artery, brainstem, and right middle cerebral artery combined with multiple intracranial aneurysms (IAs) is rare. Cases of aneurysm protrusion into the optic canal are also rare. We report a distinctive case of intracranial AVM combined with multiple IAs and partial protrusion of a cavernous segment aneurysm of the right internal carotid artery into the optic nerve canal. Teaching Point: Cases of partial protrusion of a cavernous segment aneurysm of the right internal carotid artery into the optic canal, resulting in widening of the optic canal compared to the contralateral side, compression, thickening and swelling of the subocular veins, and obstruction of venous drainage warrant the clinician’s attention

Research on the characteristics of dynamic behavior of basilar membrane in spiral cochlea

This paper used PATRAN software to establish a three-dimensional spiral cochlear model according to the actual human ears, combined with NASTRAN software to conduct a harmonic response analysis on it and studied the impact of curvature on the amplitude of basilar membrane when spiral basilar membrane was excited. The computational result of the model was consistent with the experimental result reported by previous researchers, which verified the correctness of the model established by this paper. Research found the change rule of ratio of outer radius amplitude to inner radius amplitude in the longitudinal direction of basilar membrane and the change trend of the horizontal amplitude with frequency along the basilar membrane. At high frequencies, it was found that curvature had a great influence on the horizontal amplitude of basilar membrane. In the meanwhile, the structural form of spiral basilar membrane and its change trend with frequency at the position of 12 mm reflected the basilar membrane’s amplification for sound intensity. Regarding the controversial issue in the academic at present, does travelling wave exist in basilar membrane? The theory of travelling wave in basilar membrane was supported by a lot of phase accumulation and delay as shown in phase diagram

Trmt112 Gene Expression in Mouse Embryonic Development

Mouse Trmt112, the homologous gene of yeast Trm112 (tRNA methyltransferase 11-2), was initially cloned from RIKEN with uncertain function. The yeast TRM112 is now known to play important roles in RNA methylation. Here, we studied the expression of Trmt112 by in situ hybridization and quantitative real-time RT-PCR (QRT-PCR). A higher expression level of Trmt112 was observed in the brain and nervous system by whole mount in situ hybridization from embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5) to E11.5. At later developmental stages E13.5 and E16.5, abundant expression was prominently found in various organs and tissues including developing brain, nervous system, thymus, lung, liver, intestine, kidney, and cartilage. Furthermore, Trmt112 was persistently expressed from E9.5 to E18.5 on whole embryos and highly expressed in multiple organs at E12.5, E15.5 and E18.5 by QRT-PCR. These results showed that Trmt112 gene was highly and ubiquitously expressed during mouse embryonic development, implying that it might be involved in the morphogenesis of diverse organs and tissues and numerous physiological functions

JMJ704 positively regulates rice defense response against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae infection via reducing H3K4me2/3 associated with negative disease resistance regulators

A schematic representation showing the genomic regions of the three genes for ChIP-PCR assay. White box indicates untranslated region, black box indicates coding sequence, line through the box indicates intron region of the genes, lines and numbers above the gene indicate the regions and positions used for ChIP-PCR assay. (TIF 2795 kb

Chemoresistance to gemcitabine in hepatoma cells induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition and involves activation of PDGF-D pathway

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the common malignances in the world and has high mortality in part due to development of acquired drug resistance. Therefore, it is urgent to investigate the molecular mechanism of drug resistance in HCC. To explore the underlying mechanism of drug resistance in HCC, we developed gemcitabine-resistant (GR) HCC cells. We used multiple methods to achieve our goal including RT-PCR, Western blotting analysis, transfection, Wound-healing assay, migration and invasion assay. We observed that gemcitabine-resistant cells acquired epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype. Moreover, we found that PDGF-D is highly expressed in GR cells. Furthermore, down-regulation of PDGF-D in GR cells led to partial reversal of the EMT phenotype. Our findings demonstrated that targeting PDGF-D could be a novel strategy to overcome gemcitabine resistance in HCC

Severe 2009 H1N1 infection in early pregnancy

AbstractObjectiveBecause pregnancy suppresses the immune system, women at any stage of pregnancy are more susceptible to bacterial and viral infection. Pregnant women might thus be at increased risk of complications from pandemic H1N1 virus infection, and illness may progress rapidly.Case ReportA 23-year-old primigravida at 9 weeks’ gestation was presented to our institution because of the sudden onset of sore throat, fever, chills, and vomiting for 5 days. She was diagnosed with early pregnancy H1N1 infection, vulvar herpes infection, and impending intravascular disseminated coagulopathy. Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) 75 mg and valacyclovir 500 mg were then administered orally twice daily for 5 days. The patient’s fever, chills, and vomiting subsided 2 days later. The real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of nasal discharge for influenza virus types A and B showed positive results for the A/H1N1 influenza virus. The early pregnancy was terminated by therapeutic curettage at the patient’s request. The surgical specimen revealed products of conception with the presence of necrotic chorionic villi, and focal lymphocytes in decidual tissue. RT-PCR analysis of gestational tissue for A/H1N1 was negative.ConclusionPregnant women with H1N1 infection seem to benefit from antiviral therapy