Parameter estimation algorithm for multivariable controlled autoregressive autoregressive moving average systems

This paper investigates parameter estimation problems for multivariable controlled autoregressive autoregressive moving average (M-CARARMA) systems. In order to improve the performance of the standard multivariable generalized extended stochastic gradient (M-GESG) algorithm, we derive a partially coupled generalized extended stochastic gradient algorithm by using the auxiliary model. In particular, we divide the identification model into several subsystems based on the hierarchical identification principle and estimate the parameters using the coupled relationship between these subsystems. The simulation results show that the new algorithm can give more accurate parameter estimates of the M-CARARMA system than the M-GESG algorithm

Partially coupled gradient estimation algorithm for multivariable equation-error autoregressive moving average systems using the data filtering technique

System identification provides many convenient and useful methods for engineering modelling. This study targets the parameter identification problems for multivariable equation-error autoregressive moving average systems. To reduce the influence of the coloured noises on the parameter estimation, the data filtering technique is adopted to filter the input and output data, and to transform the original system into a filtered system with white noises. Then the filtered system is decomposed into several subsystems and a filtering-based partially-coupled generalised extended stochastic gradient algorithm is developed via the coupling concept. In contrast to the multivariable generalised extended stochastic gradient algorithm, the proposed algorithm can give more accurate parameter estimates. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is well demonstrated by simulation examples

Genome-wide analysis of the TCP gene family and their expression pattern in Cymbidium goeringii

TCP gene family are specific transcription factors for plant, and considered to play an important role in development and growth. However, few related studies investigated the TCP gene trait and how it plays a role in growth and development of Orchidaceae. In this study, we obtained 14 TCP genes (CgTCPs) from the Spring Orchid Cymbidium goeringii genome. The classification results showed that 14 CgTCPs were mainly divided into two clades as follows: four PCF genes (Class I), nine CIN genes and one CYC gene (Class II). The sequence analysis showed that the TCP proteins of C. goeringii contain four conserved regions (basic Helix-Loop-Helix) in the TCP domain. The exon−intron structure varied in the clade according to a comparative investigation of the gene structure, and some genes had no introns. There are fewer CgTCP homologous gene pairs compared with Dendrobium catenatum and Phalaenopsis equestris, suggesting that the TCP genes in C. goeringii suffered more loss events. The majority of the cis-elements revealed to be enriched in the function of light responsiveness, followed by MeJA and ABA responsiveness, demonstrating their functions in regulating by light and phytohormones. The collinearity study revealed that the TCPs in D. catenatum, P. equestris and C. goeringii almost 1:1. The transcriptomic data and real-time reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT−qPCR) expression profiles showed that the flower-specific expression of the TCP class II genes (CgCIN2, CgCIN5 and CgCIN6) may be related to the regulation of florescence. Altogether, this study provides a comprehensive analysis uncovering the underlying function of TCP genes in Orchidaceae

Cross-Race Preferences for Same-Race Faces Extend Beyond the African Versus Caucasian Contrast in 3-Month-Old Infants

A visual preference procedure was used to examine preferences among faces of different races and ethnicities (African, Asian, Caucasian, and Middle Eastern) in Chinese 3-month-old infants exposed only to Chinese faces. The infants demonstrated a preference for faces from their own ethnic group. Alongside previous results showing that Caucasian infants exposed only to Caucasian faces prefer same-race faces (Kelly et al., 2005) and that Caucasian and African infants exposed only to native faces prefer the same over the other-race faces (Bar-Haim, Ziv, Lamy, & Hodes, 2006), the findings reported here (a) extend the same-race preference observed in young infants to a new race of infants (Chinese), and (b) show that cross-race preferences for same-race faces extend beyond the perceptually robust contrast between African and Caucasian faces

Iterative parameter identification algorithms for transformed dynamic rational fraction input–output systems

The rational fraction system is a special nonlinear system, the existence of the denominator polynomial leads to the difficulty of identifying rational fraction models. Inspired by the gradient search and the Newton method, the gradient-based iterative algorithm and Newton iterative algorithm are presented to estimate the parameters of rational fraction system models. Furthermore, in order to avoid a large amount of calculation and complex equations encountered in the process of solving partial derivatives, the model transformation-based gradient iterative algorithm and the model transformation-based Newton iterative algorithm are proposed for parameter identification. Two examples are carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms. This paper focuses on solving the identification problem of rational fraction systems

Deciphering Building Information Modeling Evolution: A Comprehensive Scientometric Analysis across Lifecycle Stages

Building Information Modeling (BIM) has catalyzed transformative shifts across various industries, which has sparked broader research interests in the BIM lifecycle. However, studies that specify the stated requirements for different technologies and methodologies from the perspective of the BIM lifecycle and analyze research hotspots and future research trends at each stage are scarce. Employing scientometric theories and methods, this study conducts an in-depth comparative analysis of BIM lifecycle stages. The analysis encompasses several aspects like annual research output and knowledge flows, in the aim of unveiling disparities in the technological requirements, defining research boundaries, and illuminating lifecycle research trends. Findings indicate an ongoing surge in research across all BIM lifecycle stages with technologies like digital twins and artificial intelligence becoming prevailing trends. The cooperative design of BIM components, virtual-real world coordination, interactions among buildings, individuals, and environments, as well as the in-depth integration of BIM with the multifaceted fields of urban management have emerged as focal points in the planning, construction, management, and maintenance of BIM, respectively. Future BIM lifecycle research will necessitate interdisciplinary collaboration, emphasizing technological integration, common data environment (CDE) information sharing, open-source BIM/historic building information modeling (HBIM) system, and impactful exploration in areas like urban construction and historical preservation

Circulating inflammatory cytokines and risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a Mendelian randomization study

Abstract Background The previous epidemiological and experimental evidence has implied the linkage between chronic inflammation to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, it was still unclear whether there were casual associations between circulating inflammatory cytokines and IPF development. The objective of present study was to examine whether altered genetically predicted concentration of circulating cytokines were associated with IPF development using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Materials and methods The causal effects of 23 circulating inflammatory cytokines were evaluated on IPF using MR analysis. The primary approach of MR analysis was the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method. The sensitivity analyses were conducted by simple median, weighted median, penalized weighted median and MR-Egger regression methods. Results The present MR study found suggestive evidence that a higher circulating IL-14 level was associated with an increased risk of IPF (random effects IVW method: odds ratio: 1.001, 95% confidence interval: 1.000-1.001, P = 0.026). The sensitivity analysis yielded directionally similar results for IL-14. There was no significant association found between other circulating inflammatory cytokines and IPF. Conclusion The high level of IL14 predicted by genes had a casual relationship with the increased risk of IPF. This finding provided epidemiological evidence for drug therapy targeting inflammatory factors in the prevention and treatment of IPF. It’s warranted further exploration to validate the clinical significance of IL14 associated with developmental risk of IPF

Ultrasonic treatment suppresses ethylene signaling and prolongs the freshness of spinach

There have been many studies investigating the application of ultrasonic treatment in vegetables and fruits to eliminate surface contaminants including dirt, microbes, and chemicals such as pesticides. Using a jet ultrasonic washer developed by us to wash food materials, we found that ultrasonic treatment prolonged the freshness of spinach. The stomata closed in the ultrasonicated spinach leaves, whereas those in spinach soaked in water remained open during 24-h storage. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression of Ethylene-insensitive 3 Binding F-box protein 1 and 2 (EBF1 and EBF2), which inhibit ethylene signaling, was remarkably increased by ultrasonic treatment, suggesting that the suppression of ethylene signaling allowed stomatal closure in response to abscisic acid signals in the ultrasonicated leaves. Although the precise mechanism of the induction of EBF1 and EBF2 expression by ultrasonic treatment needs to be addressed in further studies, our findings suggest that ultrasonic treatment can be applied to revive and prolong the freshness of leaf vegetables, as well as for their cleaning

Lonicera japonica Thunb extract ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury associated with luteolin-mediated suppression of NF-κB signaling pathway

Abstract Objective Lonicera japonica Thunb (LJT) is a commonly used herbal soup to treat inflammation-related diseases. However, the effect of LJT on ALI is unknown. The present study was aimed at investigating the protective effects of LJT extract (LTE) and its active ingredient luteolin (Lut) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated ALI and investigate its potential mechanism. Materials and methods The effects of LTE and Lut were explored in an ALI mouse model induced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Besides, the LPS-induced inflammation model in BEAS-2B cells was used to clarify the underlying mechanisms. The ALI pathological changes in lung tissues were tested through Haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The apoptosis of cells in lung tissue and the cell model in vitro was evaluated by TUNEL assays, respectively. Meanwhile, the viability of cells in vitro was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The levels/concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β and IL-10 in BALF were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Besides, through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting, the expression of the above-mentioned inflammatory factors and key factors in the NF-κB signaling pathway was examined. The distribution of inflammatory factors in tissue was observed through immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays . Results In relative to LPS-stimulated group, the in vivo study showed that LTE and different concentrations of Lut dramatically alleviated LPS-evoked lung pathological injury and lung edema based on the changes in total protein levels and lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from ALI mice. LTE and different concentrations of Lut also suppressed the inflammatory response, as reflected by the variations of neutrophil accumulation and the production of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the lung tissues and BALF of ALI mice. The in vitro research also demonstrated that LTE and Lut visibly facilitated cell viability and restrained the apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells stimulated by LPS. Lut hindered LPS-inducible activation of NF-κB pathway in BEAS-2B cells. Conclusion The present study proved that LTE might suppress LPS-induced acute injury and inflammation in mice and BEAS-2B cells through the Lut-caused suppression of NF-κB signal path (Figure 1)