Scholars' data reuse behaviors in disciplinary context: A meta-synthesis study

Data reuse plays a pivotal role in science research in the data era. Given that the impact of discipline culture on data reuse is deeply rooted, we explore data reuse behaviors of the two groups of scholars with significantly different qualities, the nature science and the humanities and social science. Relying on the meta-synthesis and inductive coding approach, information about intentions, influence factors, data processing and using and data reuse barriers were extracted from 37 qualified articles and then analyzed. Results show: 1) informal channels perform a vital role in data reuse in both two communities; 2) there is a distinct correlation between data reuse and disciplinary context. 3) clear distinctions exist between two fields in data reuse barriers, disciplinary practice degrees and data reuse patterns. The results imply the urgency to establish data managers, link publications and data, and enhance data organization

The influence of parameters of consecutive speed control humps ...

This paper is aimed at analyzing the chaotic vibration of a vehicle passing the consecutive speed control humps (SCHs) on a highway. A consecutive SCHs-speed coupling excitation function is presented. The chaotic vibration of nonlinear vehicle is studied by numerical simulation under a 2-DOF nonlinear vehicle suspension model. The chaotic vibration excited by the consecutive SCHs with different parameters is analyzed. Simulation results demonstrate that the chaotic motion may occur as the vehicle moves over a series of the consecutive SCHs. Furthermore, chaotic motion can be inhibited reasonably and effectively by proper adjustment of parameters of the consecutive SCHs

Error Analysis Prompting Enables Human-Like Translation Evaluation in Large Language Models: A Case Study on ChatGPT

Generative large language models (LLMs), e.g., ChatGPT, have demonstrated remarkable proficiency across several NLP tasks, such as machine translation, text summarization. Recent research (Kocmi and Federmann, 2023) has shown that utilizing ChatGPT for assessing the quality of machine translation (MT) achieves state-of-the-art performance at the system level but performs poorly at the segment level. To further improve the performance of LLMs on MT quality assessment, we conduct an investigation into several prompting methods, and propose a new prompting method called Error Analysis Prompting (EAPrompt) by combining Chain-of-Thoughts (Wei et al., 2022) and Error Analysis (Lu et al., 2022). Our results on WMT22 indicate that prompting LLMs like ChatGPT with error analysis can generate human-like MT evaluations at both the system and segment level. Additionally, we first discover some limitations of ChatGPT as an MT evaluator, such as changing the order of input may significantly influence the judgment when providing multiple translations in a single query. This work provides a preliminary experience of prompting LLMs as an evaluator to improve the reliability of translation evaluation metrics under the error analysis paradigm

Super-tetragonal Sr4Al2O7: a versatile sacrificial layer for high-integrity freestanding oxide membranes

Releasing the epitaxial oxide heterostructures from substrate constraints leads to the emergence of various correlated electronic phases and paves the way for integrations with advanced semiconductor technologies. Identifying a suitable water-soluble sacrificial layer, compatible with the high-quality epitaxial growth of oxide heterostructures, is currently the key to the development of large-scale freestanding oxide membranes. In this study, we unveil the super-tetragonal Sr4Al2O7 (SAOT) as a promising water-soluble sacrificial layer. The distinct low-symmetric crystal structure of SAOT enables a superior capability to sustain epitaxial strain, thus allowing for broad tunability in lattice constants. The resultant structural coherency and defect-free interface in perovskite ABO3/SAOT heterostructures effectively restrain crack formations during the water-assisted release of freestanding oxide membranes. For a variety of non-ferroelectric oxide membranes, the crack-free areas can span up to a few millimeters in length scale. These compelling features, combined with the inherent high-water solubility, make SAOT a versatile and feasible sacrificial layer for producing high-quality freestanding oxide membranes, thereby boosting their potential for innovative oxide electronics and flexible device designs.Comment: 5 figures and SI, it is the second version of this manuscrip

Using optical coherence tomography and intravascular ultrasound imaging to quantify coronary plaque cap thickness and vulnerability: a pilot study

Background Detecting coronary vulnerable plaques in vivo and assessing their vulnerability have been great challenges for clinicians and the research community. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is commonly used in clinical practice for diagnosis and treatment decisions. However, due to IVUS limited resolution (about 150–200 µm), it is not sufficient to detect vulnerable plaques with a threshold cap thickness of 65 µm. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has a resolution of 15–20 µm and can measure fibrous cap thickness more accurately. The aim of this study was to use OCT as the benchmark to obtain patient-specific coronary plaque cap thickness and evaluate the differences between OCT and IVUS fibrous cap quantifications. A cap index with integer values 0–4 was also introduced as a quantitative measure of plaque vulnerability to study plaque vulnerability. Methods Data from 10 patients (mean age: 70.4; m: 6; f: 4) with coronary heart disease who underwent IVUS, OCT, and angiography were collected at Cardiovascular Research Foundation (CRF) using approved protocol with informed consent obtained. 348 slices with lipid core and fibrous caps were selected for study. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based and expert-based data segmentation were performed using established methods previously published. Cap thickness data were extracted to quantify differences between IVUS and OCT measurements. Results For the 348 slices analyzed, the mean value difference between OCT and IVUS cap thickness measurements was 1.83% (p = 0.031). However, mean value of point-to-point differences was 35.76%. Comparing minimum cap thickness for each plaque, the mean value of the 20 plaque IVUS-OCT differences was 44.46%, ranging from 2.36% to 91.15%. For cap index values assigned to the 348 slices, the disagreement between OCT and IVUS assignments was 25%. However, for the OCT cap index = 2 and 3 groups, the disagreement rates were 91% and 80%, respectively. Furthermore, the observation of cap index changes from baseline to follow-up indicated that IVUS results differed from OCT by 80%. Conclusions These preliminary results demonstrated that there were significant differences between IVUS and OCT plaque cap thickness measurements. Large-scale patient studies are needed to confirm our findings

Causative agent distribution and antibiotic therapy assessment among adult patients with community acquired pneumonia in Chinese urban population

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Knowledge of predominant microbial patterns in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) constitutes the basis for initial decisions about empirical antimicrobial treatment, so a prospective study was performed during 2003–2004 among CAP of adult Chinese urban populations.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Qualified patients were enrolled and screened for bacterial, atypical, and viral pathogens by sputum and/or blood culturing, and by antibody seroconversion test. Antibiotic treatment and patient outcome were also assessed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Non-viral pathogens were found in 324/610 (53.1%) patients among whom <it>M. pneumoniae </it>was the most prevalent (126/610, 20.7%). Atypical pathogens were identified in 62/195 (31.8%) patients carrying bacterial pathogens. Respiratory viruses were identified in 35 (19%) of 184 randomly selected patients with adenovirus being the most common (16/184, 8.7%). The nonsusceptibility of <it>S. pneumoniae </it>to penicillin and azithromycin was 22.2% (Resistance (R): 3.2%, Intermediate (I): 19.0%) and 79.4% (R: 79.4%, I: 0%), respectively. Of patients (312) from whom causative pathogens were identified and antibiotic treatments were recorded, clinical cure rate with β-lactam antibiotics alone and with combination of a β-lactam plus a macrolide or with fluoroquinolones was 63.7% (79/124) and 67%(126/188), respectively. For patients having mixed <it>M. pneumoniae </it>and/or <it>C. pneumoniae </it>infections, a better cure rate was observed with regimens that are active against atypical pathogens (e.g. a β-lactam plus a macrolide, or a fluoroquinolone) than with β-lactam alone (75.8% vs. 42.9%, <it>p </it>= 0.045).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In Chinese adult CAP patients, <it>M. pneumoniae </it>was the most prevalent with mixed infections containing atypical pathogens being frequently observed. With <it>S. pneumoniae</it>, the prevalence of macrolide resistance was high and penicillin resistance low compared with data reported in other regions.</p

Research Progress of Online Review Content Based on Interpretation Level Theory

Online reviews have become the main method of information dissemination, an important factor in consumer purchase decisions, and an important basis for merchants to improve their services. It has attracted the attention of scholars. The application of explanation level theory in consumer behavior research has begun to show an increasing trend. After sorting out the existing literature, it is found that the online review literature based on the interpretation level theory mainly studies the impact on consumers’ purchase intention from the three perspectives of reviewers, review content and review readers. Among them, the content of comments is mostly discussed in terms of comment type and information quality, but it has not been systematically summarized. Using the literature review method, based on the interpretation level theory, the review type, information quality, interpretation type and perceived similarity are analyzed from the perspective of review content, and the existing literature is sorted in order to provide references for future research