Down-regulation of myeloid cell leukemia-1 through inhibiting Erk/Pin 1 pathway by sorafenib facilitates chemosensitization in breast cancer

[[abstract]]Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1), a Bel-2-like antiapoptotic protein, plays a role in cell immortalization and chemoresistance in a number of human malignancies. A peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase, Pinl is involved in many cellular events, such as cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, and differentiation through isomerizing prophosphorylated substrates. It has been reported that down-regulation of Pint induces apoptosis, and that Erk phosphorylates and upregulates Mcl-1; however, the underlying mechanisms for the two phenomena are not clear yet. Here, we showed that Pin I stabilizes Mcl-1, which is required for Mcl-I posphorylation by Erk. First, we found expression of Mcl-1 and Not were positively correlated and associated with poor survival in human breast cancer. We then showed that Erk could phosphorylate Mcl-1 at two consensus residues, Thr 92 and 163, which is required for the association of Mcl-1 and Pin 1, resulting in stabilization of Mcl-I. Moreover, Not is also required for the up-regulation of Mcl-I by Erk activation. Based on this newly identified mechanism of Mcl-1 stabilization, two strategies were used to overcome Mcl-1-mediated chemoresistance: inhibiting Erk by Sorafenib, an approved clinical anticancer drug, or knocking down Pinl by using a SiRNA technique. In conclusion, the current report not only unravels a novel mechanism to link Erk/Pinl pathway and Mcl-1-mediated chemoresistance but also provides a plausible combination therapy, Taxol (Paclitaxel) plus Sorafenib, which was shown to be effective in killing breast cancer cells

Optimal controller design for non-affine nonlinear power systems with static var compensators for hybrid UAVs

s Mr. S. Venkataiah is thankful to the University Grants Commission, New Delhi, for the award of UGC-BSR-RFSMS Junior Research Fellowship. Dr. S. Uthanna thankful to the University Grants Commission for the award of UGC-BSR Faculty Fellowship.A generalized non-affine nonlinear power system model is presented for a single machine bus power system with a Static Var Compensator (SVC) or State Var System (SVS) for hybrid Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The model is constructed by differential algebraic equations on the MATLAB-Simulink platform with the programming technique of its S-Function. Combining the inverse system method and the Linear Quadratic Regulation (LQR), an optimized SVC controller is designed. The simulations under three fault conditions show that the proposed controller can effectively improve the power system transient performance.publishersversionpublishe

Primary Breast Sarcoma: A Retrospective Single Institution Study of Clinicopathologic Features, Treatment and Prognosis

https://openworks.mdanderson.org/sumexp22/1030/thumbnail.jp

A survey of electromagnetic influence on uavs from an ehv power converter stations and possible countermeasures

National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11872148, U1908217, 61801034).It is inevitable that high-intensity, wide-spectrum electromagnetic emissions are generated by the power electronic equipment of the Extra High Voltage (EHV) power converter station. The surveillance flight of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is thus, situated in a complex electromagnetic environment. The ubiquitous electromagnetic interference demands higher electromagnetic protection requirements from the UAV construction and operation. This article is related to the UAVs patrol inspections of the power line in the vicinity of the EHV converter station. The article analyzes the electromagnetic interference characteristics of the converter station equipment in the surrounding space and the impact of the electromagnetic emission on the communication circuits of the UAV. The anti-electromagnetic interference countermeasures strive to eliminate or reduce the threats of electromagnetic emissions on the UAV’s hardware and its communication network.publishersversionpublishe

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Aided Space Shift Keying With Imperfect CSI

In this paper, we investigate the performance of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided spatial shift keying (SSK) wireless communication systems in the presence of imperfect channel state information (CSI). Specifically, we analyze the average bit error probability (ABEP) of two RIS-SSK systems respectively based on intelligent reflection and blind reflection of RIS. For the intelligent RIS-SSK scheme, we first derive the conditional pairwise error probability of the composite channel through maximum likelihood (ML) detection. Subsequently, we derive the probability density function of the combined channel. Due to the intricacies of the composite channel formulation, an exact closed-form ABEP expression is unattainable through direct derivation. To this end, we resort to employing the Gaussian-Chebyshev quadrature method to estimate the results. In addition, we employ the Q-function approximation to derive the non-exact closed-form expression when CSI imperfections are present. For the blind RIS-SSK scheme, we derive both closed-form ABEP expression and asymptotic ABEP expression with imperfect CSI by adopting the ML detector. To offer deeper insights, we explore the impact of discrete reflection phase shifts on the performance of the RIS-SSK system. Lastly, we extensively validate all the analytical derivations using Monte Carlo simulations.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2307.0199

Integrated feedback scheduling and control co-design for motion coordination of networked induction motor systems

This paper investigates the codesign of remote speed control and network scheduling for motion coordination of multiple induction motors through a shared communication network. An integrated feedback scheduling algorithm is designed to allocate the optimal sampling period and priority to each control loop to optimize the global performance of a networked control system (NCS), while satisfying the constraints of stability and schedulability. A speed synchronization method is incorporated into the scheduling algorithm to improve the speed synchronization performance of multiple induction motors. The rational gain of the network speed controllers is calculated using the Lyapunov theorem and tuned online by fuzzy logic to guarantee the robustness against complicated variations on the communication network. Furthermore, a state predictor is designed to compensate the time delay which occurred in data transmission from the sensor to the controller, as a part of the networked controller. Simulation results support the effectiveness of the proposed control-and-scheduling codesign approach

Energy-Efficient Wireless Federated Learning via Doubly Adaptive Quantization

Federated learning (FL) has been recognized as a viable distributed learning paradigm for training a machine learning model across distributed clients without uploading raw data. However, FL in wireless networks still faces two major challenges, i.e., large communication overhead and high energy consumption, which are exacerbated by client heterogeneity in dataset sizes and wireless channels. While model quantization is effective for energy reduction, existing works ignore adapting quantization to heterogeneous clients and FL convergence. To address these challenges, this paper develops an energy optimization problem of jointly designing quantization levels, scheduling clients, allocating channels, and controlling computation frequencies (QCCF) in wireless FL. Specifically, we derive an upper bound identifying the influence of client scheduling and quantization errors on FL convergence. Under the longterm convergence constraints and wireless constraints, the problem is established and transformed into an instantaneous problem with Lyapunov optimization. Solving Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions, our closed-form solution indicates that the doubly adaptive quantization level rises with the training process and correlates negatively with dataset sizes. Experiment results validate our theoretical results, showing that QCCF consumes less energy with faster convergence compared with state-of-the-art baselines

A modified lumped parameter model of distribution transformer winding

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan of China under Grant (2016YFB0900600XXX).The modelling of the distribution transformer winding is the starting point and serves as important basis for the transformer characteristics analysis and the lightning pulse response prediction. A distributed parameters model can depict the winding characteristics accurately, but it requires complex calculations. Lumped parameter model requires less calculations, but its applicable frequency range is not wide. This paper studies the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the lightning wave, compares the transformer modelling methods and finally proposes a modified lumped parameter model, based on the above comparison. The proposed model minimizes the errors provoked by the lumped parameter approximation, and the hyperbolic functions of the distributed parameter model. By this modification it becomes possible to accurately describe the winding characteristics and rapidly obtain the node voltage response. The proposed model can provide theoretical and experimental support to lightning protection of the distribution transformer.publishersversionpublishe