Impact of Default Distance on Financial Warning of Listed Companies

Distance to Default is a measure of credit risk based on stock trading data. According to the result, the default distance can improve the goodness of fit and forecasting ability of the financial early-warning model, but the improvement effect is limited. And with the increasingly fierce market competition, the impact of financial risk on the survival and development of enterprises is also growing. Modern enterprises must fully understand the causes of financial risks, establish and improve risk control mechanisms, prevent and resolve various financial risks in the development of enterprises, To ensure that the development of enterprises toward a reasonable, scientific and healthy direction. Keywords: default distance, financial crisis, financial warnin

SMiLE: Schema-augmented Multi-level Contrastive Learning for Knowledge Graph Link Prediction

Link prediction is the task of inferring missing links between entities in knowledge graphs. Embedding-based methods have shown effectiveness in addressing this problem by modeling relational patterns in triples. However, the link prediction task often requires contextual information in entity neighborhoods, while most existing embedding-based methods fail to capture it. Additionally, little attention is paid to the diversity of entity representations in different contexts, which often leads to false prediction results. In this situation, we consider that the schema of knowledge graph contains the specific contextual information, and it is beneficial for preserving the consistency of entities across contexts. In this paper, we propose a novel Schema-augmented Multi-level contrastive LEarning framework (SMiLE) to conduct knowledge graph link prediction. Specifically, we first exploit network schema as the prior constraint to sample negatives and pre-train our model by employing a multi-level contrastive learning method to yield both prior schema and contextual information. Then we fine-tune our model under the supervision of individual triples to learn subtler representations for link prediction. Extensive experimental results on four knowledge graph datasets with thorough analysis of each component demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed framework against state-of-the-art baselines. The implementation of SMiLE is available at https://github.com/GKNL/SMiLE.Comment: Findings of EMNLP 202

Heart rate variability status at rest in adult depressed patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

PurposesA meta-analysis was conducted to examine the differences in heart rate variability (HRV) between depressed patients and healthy individuals, with the purpose of providing a theoretical basis for the diagnosis of depression and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.MethodsTo search China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library databases to collect case–control studies on HRV in depressed patients, the retrieval date is from the establishment of the database to December 2022. Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) scale was used to evaluate literature quality, and Stata14.0 software was used for meta-analysis.ResultsThis study comprised of 43 papers, 22 written in Chinese and 21 in English, that included 2,359 subjects in the depression group and 3,547 in the healthy control group. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with the healthy control group, patients with depression had lower SDNN [Hedges’ g = −0.87, 95% CI (−1.14, −0.60), Z = −6.254, p < 0.01], RMSSD [Hedges’ g = −0.51, 95% CI (−0.69,-0.33), Z = −5.525, p < 0.01], PNN50 [Hedges’ g = −0.43, 95% CI (−0.59, −0.27), Z = −5.245, p < 0.01], LF [Hedges’ g = −0.34, 95% CI (−0.55, − 0.13), Z = −3.104, p < 0.01], and HF [Hedges’ g = −0.51, 95% CI (−0.69, −0.33), Z = −5.669 p < 0.01], and LF/HF [Hedges’ g = −0.05, 95% CI (−0.27, 0.18), Z = −0.410, p = 0.682] showed no significant difference.ConclusionThis research revealed that HRV measures of depressed individuals were lower than those of the healthy population, except for LF/HF, suggesting that people with depression may be more at risk of cardiovascular diseases than the healthy population

Mixed organic acids improve nutrients digestibility, volatile fatty acids composition and intestinal microbiota in growing-finishing pigs fed high-fiber diet

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate effects of mixed organic acids (MOA) on nutrient digestibility, volatile fatty acids composition and intestinal microbiota in growing-finishing pigs fed high wheat bran diet. Methods Six crossbred barrows (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire), with an average body weight 78.8±4.21 kg, fitted with T-cannulas at the distal ileum, were allotted to a double 3×3 Latin square design with 3 periods and 3 diets. Each period consisted of a 5-d adjustment period followed by a 2-d total collection of feces and then a 2-d collection of ileal digesta. The dietary treatments included a corn-soybean-wheat bran basal diet (CTR), mixed organic acid 1 diet (MOA1; CTR+3,000 mg/kg OA1), mixed organic acid 2 diet (MOA2; CTR+2,000 mg/kg OA2). Results Pigs fed MOA (MOA1 or MOA2) showed improved (p<0.05) apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy, dry matter and organic matter, and pigs fed MOA2 had increased (p<0.05) ATTD of neutral detergent fiber compared to CTR. Dietary MOA supplementation decreased (p<0.05) pH value, and improved (p<0.01) concentrations of lactic acid and total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) in ileum compared to CTR. Pigs fed MOA showed higher (p<0.05) concentration of acetic acid, and lower (p<0.05) content of formic acid in feces compared to CTR. Pigs fed MOA1 had increased (p<0.05) concentration of TVFA and butyric acid in feces. Pigs fed MOA1 showed higher concentration of Lactobacillus and lower concentration of Escherichia in feces compared to CTR. Conclusion Dietary supplementation of MOA 1 or 2 could improve nutrients digestibility, TVFA concentration and intestinal flora in growing-finishing pigs fed high fiber diet

Scaffold proteins LACK and TRACK as potential drug targets in kinetoplastid parasites: Development of inhibitors

Parasitic diseases cause similar to 500,000 deaths annually and remain a major challenge for therapeutic development. Using a rational design based approach, we developed peptide inhibitors with anti-parasitic activity that were derived from the sequences of parasite scaffold proteins LACK (Leishmania's receptor for activated C-kinase) and TRACK (Trypanosoma receptor for activated C-kinase). We hypothesized that sequences in LACK and TRACK that are conserved in the parasites, but not in the mammalian ortholog, RACK (Receptor for activated C-kinase), may be interaction sites for signaling proteins that are critical for the parasites' viability. One of these peptides exhibited leishmanicidal and trypanocidal activity in culture. Moreover, in infected mice, this peptide was also effective in reducing parasitemia and increasing survival without toxic effects. The identified peptide is a promising new anti-parasitic drug lead, as its unique features may limit toxicity and drug-resistance, thus overcoming central limitations of most anti-parasitic drugs. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology.National Institutes of HealthStanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Chem & Syst Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USAUniv Sao Paulo, Inst Quim, Dept Bioquim, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilMcGill Univ, Res Inst, Natl Reference Ctr Parasitol, Montreal, PQ, CanadaUniv Autonoma Yucatan, Ctr Invest Reg Dr Hideyo Noguchi, Parasitol Lab, Merida, Yucatan, MexicoStanford Univ, Biomat & Adv Drug Delivery Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USAUniv Estadual Campinas, Inst Chem, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Ciencias Biol, Campus Diadema, Sao Paulo, BrazilMcGill Univ, Inst Parasitol, Quebec City, PQ, CanadaMcGill Univ, Ctr Host Parasite Interact, Quebec City, PQ, CanadaUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Ciencias Biol, Campus Diadema, Sao Paulo, BrazilNIH: TW008781-01C-IDEANIH: AI078505Web of Scienc

Trypanosoma cruzi Infection and Host Lipid Metabolism

Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease. Approximately 8 million people are thought to be affected worldwide. Several players in host lipid metabolism have been implicated in T. cruzi-host interactions in recent research, including macrophages, adipocytes, low density lipoprotein (LDL), low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), and high density lipoprotein (HDL). All of these factors are required to maintain host lipid homeostasis and are intricately connected via several metabolic pathways. We reviewed the interaction of T. cruzi with each of the relevant host components, in order to further understand the roles of host lipid metabolism in T. cruzi infection. This review sheds light on the potential impact of T. cruzi infection on the status of host lipid homeostasis