Book Review: Canadian and American Women: Moving from Private to Public Experiences in the Atlantic World

Review of Canadian and American Women: Moving from Private to Public Experiences in the Atlantic World, edited by Valeria Gennara Lerda and Roberto Maccarin

Coupled pair approach for strongly-interacting trapped fermionic atoms

We present a coupled pair approach for studying few-body physics in harmonically trapped ultracold gases. The method is applied to a two-component Fermi system of $N$ particles. A stochastically variational gaussian expansion method is applied, focusing on optimization of the two-body correlations present in the strongly interacting, or unitary, limit. The groundstate energy of the four-, six- and eight-body problem with equal spin populations is calculated with high accuracy and minimal computational effort. We also calculate the structural properties of these systems and discuss their implication for the many-body ultracold gas and other few-body calculations.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

Universality in rotating strongly interacting gases

We analytically determine the properties of two interacting particles in a harmonic trap subject to a rotation or a uniform synthetic magnetic field, where the spherical symmetry of the relative Hamiltonian is preserved. Thermodynamic quantities such as the entropy and energy are calculated via the second order quantum cluster expansion. We find that in the strongly interacting regime the energy is universal, however the entropy changes as a function of the rotation or synthetic magnetic field strength.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Higher-order relativistic corrections to the vibration–rotation levels of H2S

Relativistic corrections beyond the simple one-electron mass–velocity–Darwin (MVD1) approximation to the ground-state electronic energy of H2S are determined at over 250 geometries. The corrections considered include the two-electron Darwin, the Gaunt and Breit corrections, and the one-electron Lamb shift. Fitted correction surfaces are constructed and used with an accurate ab initio nonrelativistic Born–Oppenheimer potential, determined previously (J. Chem. Phys. 115 (2001) 1229), to calculate vibrational and rotational levels for H232S. The calculations suggest that one- and two-electron relativistic corrections have a noticable influence on the levels of H2S. As for water, the effects considered have markedly different characteristics for the stretching and bending states

Universality and itinerant ferromagnetism in rotating strongly interacting Fermi gases

We analytically determine the properties of three interacting fermions in a harmonic trap subject to an external rotation. Thermodynamic quantities such as the entropy and energy are calculated from the third order quantum virial expansion. By parameterizing the solutions in the rotating frame we find that the energy and entropy are universal for all rotations in the strongly interacting regime. Additionally, we find that rotation suppresses the onset of itinerant ferromagnetism in strongly interacting repulsive three-body systems.Comment: 5 pages with 3 figure

Borrowed Halos: Canadian Teachers as Voluntary Aid Detachment Nurses during the Great War

Teaching and nursing were frequent career choices for unmarried, middle-class women in the Great War era, but only nurses were eligible for active service in Canadian military hospitals overseas. Teachers were expected to remain at home, volunteering for patriotic projects like other women. This role proved too passive for some, who relinquished their careers to become, temporarily, Voluntary Aid Detachment nurses (VADs); many served in British military hospitals overseas. The history of this unique group offers new insights into societal expectations for Canadian women’s professional work in the early twentieth century. The transformation of teachers into nurses during the crisis of war was legitimized by the substitution of gender and class attributes for specialized training, allowing women teachers the otherwise unattainable opportunity for active service abroad. Their experience raises important issues regarding the meaning of “professional identity” in traditional women’s occupations, and professional development later in the century.L’enseignement et le soin des malades étaient les principales carrières que choisissaient les femmes célibataires de la classe moyenne à l’époque de la Grande Guerre mais, seules les infirmières étaient éligibles au service actif, accompli au sein des hôpitaux militaires outre-mer. On s’attendait à ce que les institutrices restent à la maison et, comme les autres femmes, se portent volontaires pour des projets patriotiques. Ce rôle s’avérait trop passif pour certaines, qui renoncèrent à leurs carrières pour former, temporairement, un corps d’aidesinfirmières volontaires; plusieurs servirent outre-mer dans les hôpitaux militaires britanniques. L’histoire de ce groupe particulier permet de découvrir de nouvelles facettes des attentes sociales à l’égard du travail professionnel des femmes canadiennes au début du XXe siècle. La transformation des institutrices en infirmières durant la guerre était légitimée par le remplacement des qualités de genre et de classe pour permettre la formation spécialisée, offrant aux institutrices une occasion autrement inaccessible d’accomplir un service actif outre-mer. Leur expérience soulève d’importantes questions sur la signification de l’identité professionnelle des occupations féminines traditionnelles et du développement professionnel qui survint après la guerre

“Sharing the Halo”: Social and Professional Tensions in the Work of World War I Canadian Volunteer Nurses

The experience of some 500 Canadian and Newfoundland women who served overseas as Voluntary Aid Detachment (VAD) nurses during the Great War has been eclipsed by the British record. Sent as auxiliary assistants to trained nurses in the military hospitals, Canadian VADs confronted a complex mix of emotional, physical, and intellectual challenges, including their “colonial” status. As casually trained, inexperienced amateurs in an unfamiliar, highly structured hospital culture, they were often resented by the overworked and undervalued trained nurses, whose struggle for professional recognition was necessarily abandoned during the crisis of war. The frequently intimate physical needs of critically ill soldiers also demanded a rationalisation of the VAD's role as “nurse” within a maternalist framework that eased social tensions for both VAD and patient. As volunteers assisting paid practitioners, the Canadian VAD experience offers new insights into a critical era of women's developing professional identities.L'expérience de quelque 500 femmes canadiennes et terre-neuviennes qui, pendant la Grande Guerre, ont servi outre-mer en tant qu 'auxiliaires volontaires, a été oblitérée dans les registres britanniques. Envoyées dans les hôpitaux militaires comme assistantes des infirmières diplômées, les auxiliaires volontaires canadiennes étaient placées devant des défis d'ordre émotif, physique et intellectuel, auxquels leur statut de ressortissantes d'une colonie n'était pas étranger. Sommairement formées, et inexpérimentées dans un milieu hospitalier très structuré, elles subissaient souvent le ressentiment des infirmières diplômées surmenées et sous-estimées, dont la lutte pour la reconnaissance professionnelle avait été mise en veilleuse par la guerre. Les besoins physiques souvent intimes de soldats très malades exigeaient la rationalisation de leur rôle d'« infirmières » dans un contexte de maternage qui désamorçait les tensions sociales entre elles et les patients. En tant que bénévoles qui aidaient des professionnelles rémunérées, les auxiliaires volontaires canadiennes ont vécu une expérience qui jette un nouvel éclairage sur une époque qui a été critique pour l'acquisition d'une identité professionnelle par les femmes

Precise predictions and new insights for atomic ionization from the Migdal effect

Probabilities for atomic ionisation via the Migdal effect using Dirac-Hartee-Fock wavefunctions. Dataset accompanies the publication P. Cox, M. J. Dolan, C. McCabe, H. M. Quiney, Precise predictions and new insights for atomic ionization from the Migdal effect, Phys. Rev. D (2023)

Reduced density matrix approach to ultracold few-fermion systems in one dimension

The variational determination of the two-fermion reduced density matrix is described for trapped, ultracold few-fermion systems in one dimension with equal spin populations. This is accomplished by formulating the problem as a semi-definite program, with the two-fermion reduced density matrix being subject to the D, Q, G, T1, and T2 $N$-representability conditions. The ground-state energies of $N=2,4$, and $8$ fermion systems are found by utilising an augmented Lagrangian method for semi-definite programming. The ground-state energies are found to match extremely well to those determined by full-configuration interaction and coupled-cluster calculations. This demonstrates the utility of the reduced density matrix approach to strongly correlated, ultracold few-fermion systems.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure