29 research outputs found

    Dysrythmie dans la maladie de Parkinson : le jeu sérieux comme remédiation des troubles de la coordination

    No full text
    Beyond the cardinal signs that characterize Parkinson's disease (PD) – rest tremor, akinesia, and rigidity – Parkinsonian individuals often manifest rhythmic deficits in various areas of motor coordination, such as movements of the upper limb, the orofacial sphere, or in gait. Rhythm impairment is also found in rhythmic perception tasks (i.e., tasks that do not involve motor production). For explaining this variety of rhythmic deficits, the hypothesis of a generalized dysrhythmia was proposed. This hypothesis implies that all rhythmic alterations observed across various tasks and in different motor systems may stem from a common central dysfunction. Nevertheless, this proposal was not confirmed so far, and many questions remained, both theoretically and clinically: are PD rhythmic deficits actually related? May a common source explain those rhythm-impaired manifestations? If so, what are the associated brain correlates and clinical perspectives? Designed upon two main research axes, the main objective of this dissertation was to test the hypothesis of generalized dysrhythmia in PD, by means of two research questions: i) are there links between three domains of rhythmic production, (namely orofacial, manual, and gait coordination) and a perceptual rhythmic domain in PD?; and ii) what is the impact of a rhythmic training provided to a motor domain (i.e., manual rhythmic coordination) on other motor coordination domains (i.e., orofacial and walking)?All our results confirm the hypothesis of a generalized dysrhythmia in PD, and the most likely existence of malfunctioning mechanisms that may serve a general predictive function that, when trained, could alleviate some motor symptoms in PD.Au-delĂ  des symptĂŽmes cardinaux qui caractĂ©risent la maladie de Parkinson (MP) – tremblement, akinĂ©sie, et rigiditĂ© – des dĂ©ficits rythmiques se manifestent dans diffĂ©rents domaines de coordination motrice, comme au niveau du membre supĂ©rieur, de la sphĂšre oro-faciale, ou de la marche. Des altĂ©rations rythmiques sont Ă©galement mises en Ă©vidence sur des tĂąches de perception de rythme (i.e., sur des tĂąches n’impliquant pas de production motrice). Face Ă  l’étendue des dysfonctionnements rythmiques dans la MP, l’hypothĂšse d’une dysrythmie gĂ©nĂ©ralisĂ©e a Ă©tĂ© formulĂ©e. Cette hypothĂšse implique que l’ensemble des altĂ©rations rythmiques qui s’observent au travers de diverses tĂąches et dans diffĂ©rents systĂšmes effecteurs partage des mĂ©canismes causaux communs. NĂ©anmoins, cette proposition n’a pas Ă©tĂ© confirmĂ©e Ă  ce jour, et nombre de questions demeurent, tant sur le plan thĂ©orique que clinique : les dĂ©ficits rythmiques caractĂ©ristiques de la MP sont-ils rĂ©ellement liĂ©s ? Une source commune aux manifestations rythmiques dĂ©ficitaires est-elle envisageable ? Si tel est le cas, quels en sont les corrĂ©lats cĂ©rĂ©braux, et les retombĂ©es cliniques ? ÉlaborĂ©e autour de deux principaux axes de recherche, cette dissertation avait pour objectif principal de tester l’hypothĂšse d’une dysrythmie gĂ©nĂ©ralisĂ©e dans la MP, au travers de deux questions : i) existe-t-il des liens entre trois domaines de production rythmique (i.e., coordinations oro-faciale, manuelle, et de marche) et un domaine perceptif dans la MP ?; et ii) quel est l’impact d’un entraĂźnement rythmique d’un domaine moteur (i.e., coordination rythmique manuelle) sur d’autres domaines de coordination motrice (i.e., oro-faciales et de la marche) ? L’ensemble des rĂ©sultats confirme l’hypothĂšse d’une dysrythmie gĂ©nĂ©ralisĂ©e dans la MP, et l’existence trĂšs probable d’altĂ©rations de mĂ©canismes en lien avec une fonction prĂ©dictive gĂ©nĂ©rale qui, lorsqu’elle est la cible d’un entraĂźnement rythmique, pourrait permettre de rĂ©duire certains troubles moteurs dans la MP

    Dysrhythmia in Parkinson's disease : a serious game for rehabilitation of motor coordination deficits

    No full text
    Au-delĂ  des symptĂŽmes cardinaux qui caractĂ©risent la maladie de Parkinson (MP) – tremblement, akinĂ©sie, et rigiditĂ© – des dĂ©ficits rythmiques se manifestent dans diffĂ©rents domaines de coordination motrice, comme au niveau du membre supĂ©rieur, de la sphĂšre oro-faciale, ou de la marche. Des altĂ©rations rythmiques sont Ă©galement mises en Ă©vidence sur des tĂąches de perception de rythme (i.e., sur des tĂąches n’impliquant pas de production motrice). Face Ă  l’étendue des dysfonctionnements rythmiques dans la MP, l’hypothĂšse d’une dysrythmie gĂ©nĂ©ralisĂ©e a Ă©tĂ© formulĂ©e. Cette hypothĂšse implique que l’ensemble des altĂ©rations rythmiques qui s’observent au travers de diverses tĂąches et dans diffĂ©rents systĂšmes effecteurs partage des mĂ©canismes causaux communs. NĂ©anmoins, cette proposition n’a pas Ă©tĂ© confirmĂ©e Ă  ce jour, et nombre de questions demeurent, tant sur le plan thĂ©orique que clinique : les dĂ©ficits rythmiques caractĂ©ristiques de la MP sont-ils rĂ©ellement liĂ©s ? Une source commune aux manifestations rythmiques dĂ©ficitaires est-elle envisageable ? Si tel est le cas, quels en sont les corrĂ©lats cĂ©rĂ©braux, et les retombĂ©es cliniques ? ÉlaborĂ©e autour de deux principaux axes de recherche, cette dissertation avait pour objectif principal de tester l’hypothĂšse d’une dysrythmie gĂ©nĂ©ralisĂ©e dans la MP, au travers de deux questions : i) existe-t-il des liens entre trois domaines de production rythmique (i.e., coordinations oro-faciale, manuelle, et de marche) et un domaine perceptif dans la MP ?; et ii) quel est l’impact d’un entraĂźnement rythmique d’un domaine moteur (i.e., coordination rythmique manuelle) sur d’autres domaines de coordination motrice (i.e., oro-faciales et de la marche) ? L’ensemble des rĂ©sultats confirme l’hypothĂšse d’une dysrythmie gĂ©nĂ©ralisĂ©e dans la MP, et l’existence trĂšs probable d’altĂ©rations de mĂ©canismes en lien avec une fonction prĂ©dictive gĂ©nĂ©rale qui, lorsqu’elle est la cible d’un entraĂźnement rythmique, pourrait permettre de rĂ©duire certains troubles moteurs dans la MP.Beyond the cardinal signs that characterize Parkinson's disease (PD) – rest tremor, akinesia, and rigidity – Parkinsonian individuals often manifest rhythmic deficits in various areas of motor coordination, such as movements of the upper limb, the orofacial sphere, or in gait. Rhythm impairment is also found in rhythmic perception tasks (i.e., tasks that do not involve motor production). For explaining this variety of rhythmic deficits, the hypothesis of a generalized dysrhythmia was proposed. This hypothesis implies that all rhythmic alterations observed across various tasks and in different motor systems may stem from a common central dysfunction. Nevertheless, this proposal was not confirmed so far, and many questions remained, both theoretically and clinically: are PD rhythmic deficits actually related? May a common source explain those rhythm-impaired manifestations? If so, what are the associated brain correlates and clinical perspectives? Designed upon two main research axes, the main objective of this dissertation was to test the hypothesis of generalized dysrhythmia in PD, by means of two research questions: i) are there links between three domains of rhythmic production, (namely orofacial, manual, and gait coordination) and a perceptual rhythmic domain in PD?; and ii) what is the impact of a rhythmic training provided to a motor domain (i.e., manual rhythmic coordination) on other motor coordination domains (i.e., orofacial and walking)?All our results confirm the hypothesis of a generalized dysrhythmia in PD, and the most likely existence of malfunctioning mechanisms that may serve a general predictive function that, when trained, could alleviate some motor symptoms in PD

    Outils d'évaluation de l'écriture chez l'enfant : revue de littérature

    No full text
    International audienceHandwriting is a complex activity which involves both the mastering and coordination of multiple skills and years of practice. Even in the digital era, handwriting still plays a key role at school, conditioning the access, the organization and the restitution of knowledge. Despite appropriate learning and training, 5 to 10 % of school-age children will never master this skill to a sufficient level. This disorder, referred to as dysgraphia, can seriously impact children’s scholar achievements if not handled early. Detecting handwriting deficits is thus of great importance. Nowadays, researchers and clinicians have access to a variety of assessment tools which target two dimensions of handwriting: the final product of handwriting, and the processes involved in the handwriting movement. In this article, we will present a review of the different tools which are available or under development. We will then discuss the pros and cons of these different tools, and the perspectives for the future developments.L’écriture est une activitĂ© complexe impliquant de multiples compĂ©tences, et dont la maĂźtrise nĂ©cessite plusieurs annĂ©es d’apprentissage. MĂȘme Ă  l’heure du numĂ©rique, l’écriture occupe une place prĂ©pondĂ©rante dans la scolaritĂ© de l’enfant et conditionne en grande partie l’accĂšs aux connaissances, la capacitĂ© Ă  les organiser, et Ă  les restituer. MalgrĂ© un apprentissage et des entraĂźnements adaptĂ©s, 5 Ă  10 % des enfants d’ñge scolaire ne parviennent pas Ă  maĂźtriser cette activitĂ©. Ce trouble, appelĂ© dysgraphie, peut fortement impacter la rĂ©ussite scolaire de l’enfant s’il n’est pas diagnostiquĂ© et pris en charge de maniĂšre prĂ©coce. Le repĂ©rage des difficultĂ©s d’écriture revĂȘt par consĂ©quent une importance de premier plan. Les chercheurs et les cliniciens disposent aujourd’hui d’outils d’évaluation variĂ©s qui ciblent deux dimensions de la production Ă©crite : le produit fini de l’écriture d’une part, et les processus qui y sont engagĂ©s d’autre part. Dans cet article, nous allons prĂ©senter une revue de ces diffĂ©rents outils disponibles actuellement ou en cours de dĂ©veloppement. Nous discuterons ensuite de leurs avantages et inconvĂ©nients, et des perspectives de dĂ©veloppement qui y sont associĂ©es

    Correct/incorrect. Littératures et cultures anglo-saxonnes.

    No full text
    International audienc

    Outils d'évaluation de l'écriture chez l'enfant : revue de littérature

    No full text
    International audienceHandwriting is a complex activity which involves both the mastering and coordination of multiple skills and years of practice. Even in the digital era, handwriting still plays a key role at school, conditioning the access, the organization and the restitution of knowledge. Despite appropriate learning and training, 5 to 10 % of school-age children will never master this skill to a sufficient level. This disorder, referred to as dysgraphia, can seriously impact children’s scholar achievements if not handled early. Detecting handwriting deficits is thus of great importance. Nowadays, researchers and clinicians have access to a variety of assessment tools which target two dimensions of handwriting: the final product of handwriting, and the processes involved in the handwriting movement. In this article, we will present a review of the different tools which are available or under development. We will then discuss the pros and cons of these different tools, and the perspectives for the future developments.L’écriture est une activitĂ© complexe impliquant de multiples compĂ©tences, et dont la maĂźtrise nĂ©cessite plusieurs annĂ©es d’apprentissage. MĂȘme Ă  l’heure du numĂ©rique, l’écriture occupe une place prĂ©pondĂ©rante dans la scolaritĂ© de l’enfant et conditionne en grande partie l’accĂšs aux connaissances, la capacitĂ© Ă  les organiser, et Ă  les restituer. MalgrĂ© un apprentissage et des entraĂźnements adaptĂ©s, 5 Ă  10 % des enfants d’ñge scolaire ne parviennent pas Ă  maĂźtriser cette activitĂ©. Ce trouble, appelĂ© dysgraphie, peut fortement impacter la rĂ©ussite scolaire de l’enfant s’il n’est pas diagnostiquĂ© et pris en charge de maniĂšre prĂ©coce. Le repĂ©rage des difficultĂ©s d’écriture revĂȘt par consĂ©quent une importance de premier plan. Les chercheurs et les cliniciens disposent aujourd’hui d’outils d’évaluation variĂ©s qui ciblent deux dimensions de la production Ă©crite : le produit fini de l’écriture d’une part, et les processus qui y sont engagĂ©s d’autre part. Dans cet article, nous allons prĂ©senter une revue de ces diffĂ©rents outils disponibles actuellement ou en cours de dĂ©veloppement. Nous discuterons ensuite de leurs avantages et inconvĂ©nients, et des perspectives de dĂ©veloppement qui y sont associĂ©es

    Tools and Methods for Diagnosing Developmental Dysgraphia in the Digital Age: A Brief State-of-Art

    No full text
    Handwriting is a complex perceptual-motor task that requires years of training and practice before complete mastering. Its acquisition is crucial since handwriting is the basis, together with reading, for the acquisition of higher-level skills such as spelling, grammar, syntax, and text composition. Despite correct learning and practice of handwriting, some children never master this skill to a sufficient level. These handwriting deficits, referred to as developmental dysgraphia, can seriously impact the acquisition of other skills and thus the academic success of the child if they are not diagnosed and handled early. In this review, we present a non-exhaustive listing of the tools which are the most reported in the literature for the analysis of handwriting and the diagnosis of dysgraphia. Tools focusing on both the final handwriting product and the handwriting process will be considered. We will then discuss the pros and cons of the existing tools, and the perspectives for the development of future tools

    Tools and Methods for Diagnosing Developmental Dysgraphia in the Digital Age: A State of the Art

    No full text
    Handwriting is a complex perceptual motor task that requires years of training and practice before complete mastery. Its acquisition is crucial, since handwriting is the basis, together with reading, of the acquisition of higher-level skills such as spelling, grammar, syntax, and text composition. Despite the correct learning and practice of handwriting, some children never master this skill to a sufficient level. These handwriting deficits, referred to as developmental dysgraphia, can seriously impact the acquisition of other skills and thus the academic success of the child if they are not diagnosed and handled early. In this review, we present a non-exhaustive listing of the tools that are the most reported in the literature for the analysis of handwriting and the diagnosis of dysgraphia. A variety of tools focusing on either the final handwriting product or the handwriting process are described here. On one hand, paper-and-pen tools are widely used throughout the world to assess handwriting quality and/or speed, but no universal gold-standard diagnostic test exists. On the other hand, several very promising computerized tools for the diagnosis of dysgraphia have been developed in the last decade, but some improvements are required before they can be available to clinicians. Based on these observations, we will discuss the pros and cons of the existing tools and the perspectives related to the development of a universal, standardized test of dysgraphia combining both paper-and-pen and computerized approaches and including different graphomotor and writing tasks
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