Phase Transformation of Minerals in Bauxite

Bauxite comprises five major elements viz. Al2O3, SiO2, Fe2O2, TiO2 and LOI. Major aluminium bearing mineral phase present in the bauxite are gibbsite, boehmite and diaspore however however Iron minerals are mainly in the form of alumo-goethite, hematite and some accessory minerals like magnetite, Illmenite etc. The alumo goethite and hematite are structurally and characteristically different from each other. In general, Indian bauxite contains alumo-goethite is a dominant mineral as compared to hematite. In the beneficiation of bauxite process, an iron mineral plays an important role in magnetic separation study. Hema-tite being a paramagnetic mineral gets easily separated via magnetic separation process while alumo-goethite is feebly magnetic in nature and requires high intensity

ASSESSMENT OF SERUM PARAOXONASE-1 ENZYME ACTIVITY, MALONDIALDEHYDE AND VITAMIN-C IN ORAL PREMALIGNANCIES

Background: Oral premalignancies are a group of disease or syndromes which if left untreated can lead to cancer. It carries a great significance in Indian perspective. The actual figure of oral cancers arising from oral premalignancies is not known and to predict accurately the malignant transformations of them is still not possible. Oxidative stress is a known player behind cancerogenesis. Recently decreased Paraoxonase-1 activity and increased oxidative stress markers ware found to be associated with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. So, there is a strong possibility of a similar finding in Oral Premalignancies too. Aim: This study aims to investigate the correlation between serum PON-1 activity and oxidative stress markers (MDA & Vitamin C) in patients with Oral Premalignancies. Material and Methods: A total of 62 patients with clinically diagnosed oral premalignant lesions and diseased controls were chosen for the study. Venous blood samples were collected and PON-1, MDA (in serum) & Vitamin c (in plasma) were analysed spectro-photometrically. Results: significant decreased serum PON-1 activity (P<0.05) and concomitant significantly increased serum MDA (P <0.05) and decreased Vitamin C levels (P<0.05) were observed in premalignancies compared to the controls. These finding were more pronounced in Oral Leukoplakia (OL) than in Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) with a significant difference. Mean levels of the analysed parameters differed accordingly in the clinical grades of oral premalignancies. Conclusion: It can be envisaged that serum PON-1 activity and increased oxidative stress might be a contributing factor behind pathogenesis and progression of Oral Premalignant Diseases

ASSESSMENT OF SERUM PARAOXONASE-1 ENZYME ACTIVITY, MALONDIALDEHYDE AND VITAMIN-C IN ORAL PREMALIGNANCIES

Background: Oral premalignancies are a group of disease or syndromes which if left untreated can lead to cancer. It carries a great significance in Indian perspective. The actual figure of oral cancers arising from oral premalignancies is not known and to predict accurately the malignant transformations of them is still not possible. Oxidative stress is a known player behind cancerogenesis. Recently decreased Paraoxonase-1 activity and increased oxidative stress markers ware found to be associated with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. So, there is a strong possibility of a similar finding in Oral Premalignancies too. Aim: This study aims to investigate the correlation between serum PON-1 activity and oxidative stress markers (MDA & Vitamin C) in patients with Oral Premalignancies. Material and Methods: A total of 62 patients with clinically diagnosed oral premalignant lesions and diseased controls were chosen for the study. Venous blood samples were collected and PON-1, MDA (in serum) & Vitamin c (in plasma) were analysed spectro-photometrically. Results: significant decreased serum PON-1 activity (P<0.05) and concomitant significantly increased serum MDA (P <0.05) and decreased Vitamin C levels (P<0.05) were observed in premalignancies compared to the controls. These finding were more pronounced in Oral Leukoplakia (OL) than in Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) with a significant difference. Mean levels of the analysed parameters differed accordingly in the clinical grades of oral premalignancies. Conclusion: It can be envisaged that serum PON-1 activity and increased oxidative stress might be a contributing factor behind pathogenesis and progression of Oral Premalignant Diseases

Human Powered Sugarcane Bud Chipping Machine

ABSTRACT Abstract-Sugarcane is a major crop in the field Keyword: ---two way cutter,pedal operated,sugarcane bud chipping machine …

<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-GB">Quantitative thin layer chromatographic study of Al³⁺ in geological samples</span>

146-154A facile and sensitive quantitative visual analytical method has been developed for the determination of Al3+ in geological samples. The alumina (Al2O3) content in gibbsitic bauxite and related samples of geological origin is extracted in triple acidic medium. The sample solutions are purified and then subjected to quantitative thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis. Combination of plain silica gel H and dilute aqueous solution of aluminon (0.005-0.50%) has been identified as the best chromatographic systems for the selective detection of Al3+. The important chromatographic parameters such as sample composition, pH effect, nature of adsorbent and mobile phase composition as well as detection limit are optimized in terms of spot size, colour stability and resolution of Al3+. The TLC chromatograms of Al3+ are quantitatively assessed by scanning densitometry and digital image analysis. Analytical potential of the optical quantitative methods have been verified for the quantitative TLC assessment of Al3+ in bauxite, soil, rock and aluminium spent potlining (SPL) samples with respect to the analogous wet analysis. Repeatability and reproducibility of the method are also evaluated under the optimized experimental conditions such as sample concentration, components and pH, slurry volume and layer thickness