Combined use of ionophore and virginiamycin for finishing Nellore steers fed high concentrate diets

Zebu cattle fed high concentrate diets may present inconsistent performance due to the occurrence of metabolic disorders, like acidosis. The isolated use of ionophores and virginiamycin in high grain diets can improve animal performance and reduce the incidence of such disorders, but recent studies suggested that their combination may have an additive effect. Thus, 72 Nellore steers, 389 ± 15 kg initial body weight (BW), were confined and fed for 79 days to evaluate the combination of virginiamycin and salinomycin on performance and carcass traits. Animals were allocated to a randomized complete block design by BW, in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, with two concentrate levels (73 and 91 %) and two virginiamycin levels (0 and 15 mg kg-1), and salinomycin (13 mg kg-1) included in all diets. The interaction was not significant (p > 0.05). Dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), gain-to-feed ratio (G:F), starch consumed, and fecal starch content were higher (p 0.05) between treatments. Starch consumed and estimated dietary net energy for maintenance (NEm) and gain (NEg) were higher (p < 0.05) for virginiamycin-treated animals, with no substantial effects on carcass traits. The inclusion of virginiamycin in finishing diets containing salinomycin reduced DMI while maintaining ADG and improving NEm and NEg, suggesting an additive effect of virginiamycin and ionophores, but without affecting carcass quality

The urbic technosols from Ribeirão das Pedras linear park, Campinas/SP

O ponto fundamental que permite reconhecer os humanos como agentes geológicos é a possibilidade de comparação dos efeitos de suas ações aos efeitos resultantes de causas naturais, como a tectônica, mudanças climáticas, terremotos, tsunamis, etc. As profundas e, muitas vezes, abruptas intervenções humanas no meio ambiente, têm gerado, em escala crescente ao longo dos anos, sedimentos e volumes pedológicos com características muito diferentes dos naturais. Especificamente, os Tecnossolos Úrbicos (IUSS 2014) são solos profundamente modificados pela ação humana, que apresentam grande variabilidade vertical e horizontal e muitos artefatos manufaturados ao longo do perfil. A área em estudo localiza-se na região noroeste do município de Campinas/SP, abrangendo parte da planície aluvial do ribeirão das Pedras, mais especificamente o trecho entre sua nascente e a Rodovia Dom Pedro I (SP-65). O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar os Tecnossolos dessa área e compreender a história de sua formação. A metodologia adotada compreendeu a: investigação do histórico de uso e ocupação local, observação da paisagem (vegetação, ocupação), coleta de amostras de solo para a realização de análises físicas e químicas e interpretação dos resultados buscando relações entre os níveis de fertilidade, elementos contaminantes e os artefatos encontrados nos perfis. Os resultados mostraram que de maneira geral, os solos da área de estudo são arenosos, apresentam altos níveis de fertilidade e concentrações de elementos como Bário (Ba), Cromo (Cr), Cobre (Cu), Chumbo (Pb), Níquel (Ni), Vanádio (V) e Zinco (Zn) acima dos limites de prevenção estabelecidos pela CETESB.4011952CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQ307951/2018-9Humans can be considered geological agents mainly because it is possible to compare the effects of their actions with those of natural causes, such as plate tectonics, climate changes, earthquakes, tsunamis, etc. The significant and often negligent human intervention in the environment has resulted in the formation, on an increasing scale over the years, of sediments and pedological volumes with characteristics very different from those formed by natural processes. The Urbic Technosols (IUSS 2014) are soils deeply modified by humans, which show a considerable vertical and horizontal variation and many artifacts along the soil profile. The study area is located in the northwest region of the city of Campinas, SP, and covers part of the alluvial plain of the Ribeirão das Pedras river, more specifically the area between its headwater and the Dom Pedro I Highway (SP-65). The objective of this work is to characterize the Technosols and understand their formation. The methodology adopted involved: investigation of use history and local occupation, observation of the landscape (vegetation, occupation), collection of soil samples for physical and chemical analyzes, and interpretation of results to find relationships between the levels of fertility, contaminants, and artifacts found in the profile. The results showed that, in general, the soils of the study area are sandy and have high fertility levels, and that orthe concentrations of chemical elements such as Barium (Ba), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), Vanadium (V) and Zinc (Zn) exceed the regulatory limits set by CETESB

Digestibilidade aparente de dietas com níveis crescentes de concentrado em novilhos Brangus e Nelore Apparent digestibility of diets with increasing concentrate levels in Brangus and Nellore steers

Determinou-se a digestibilidade aparente, pela coleta total de fezes, de dietas contendo 20, 40, 60 ou 80% de concentrado para novilhos Brangus e Nelore. Oito animais, quatro de cada raça, foram utilizados em delineamento quadrado latino 4x4, com cinco dias de adaptação e cinco dias de coleta de fezes, em cada período. A idade e o peso iniciais dos Brangus e Nelore foram 13 meses e 248kg e 30 meses e 403kg, respectivamente. Houve efeito do nível de concentrado (PThe apparent digestibility of diets with 20, 40, 60 or 80% of concentrate fed Brangus and Nellore steers was determined through total fecal collection. Eight animals, four of each breed, were used in two 4 x 4 Latin square design with five days of adaptation to the diets and five days of collection in each period. The initial age and body weight of Brangus and Nellore steers were 13 months and 248 kg, and 30 months and 403kg, respectively. Concentrate levels affected (P<0.01) the digestibility coefficients of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, nitrogen free extract (NFE), organic matter (OM) and total digestible nutrients (TDN). The diet with 80% of concentrate showed higher DM, CP and TDN digestibilities. The digestibility of NFE, OM and the dry matter intake were different according to the breeds (P<0.05). Brangus showed higher DM and TDN intake. The DM and TDN intake showed interaction (P<0.01) breed by concentrate level, with higher intake for the Brangus at higher TDN diets. The Nellore steers were less adapted to diets rich in concentrate than Brangus steers

Initial insights of the nutritional programming in shrimp : mapping of the ontogeny metabolic gene expression in whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Initial insights of the nutritional programming in shrimp : mapping of the ontogeny metabolic gene expression in whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Larvi 2017. 7. Fish and shellfish larviculture symposiu