Liver Tumour Detection for Ct Images

A cancer is an abnormal growth of cells typically derived from a single abnormal cell. Detection of liver tumour in early stage is important for the prevention of liver tumour. Many techniques have been developed for the detection of liver tumour from CT images. Treatment of any cancer mainly depends on tumour size and grading. Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common type of liver cancer. Diagnosis involves CT scan of abdomen provides accurate results. Tumour segmentation in liver CT images is a challenging task. This paper deals with the detection of liver tumour from CT images. Implementation of FCM technique and some default tools help to detect the shape of tumour. Finally the tumour part is extracted from CT images and its exact position and shape is determined to calculate the abnormality are

Brain Tumor Analysis –An Overview

Brain tumor detection is a serious application of medical image processing. The tumor identification is done by doctors but its give the difficult results which may different from one doctor to another. The physician may also take the risk for identify the tumor. So these problems are solved by using the some image processing tools. The medical image segmentation is difficult process but this software is easily to identify the accurate detection of size and location of brain tumor. Noise removal and enhancement techniques are applied to the MRI scan of brain. After the morphological operation is applied for identify the extract tumor

An Image Compression– Encryption Hybrid Algorithm Using DWT and Chaos System

Recent developments of digital image production and applications have increases importance of digital image compression and security in today’s world. The proposed method is developed to combine both compression and security of image. Compression is achieved by the deletion of redundant data. Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is a in recent times developed compression technique in image compression. The existing methods to encrypt images usually treat the whole matrix as the key which makes the key too large to distribute and memorize or store. To solve this problem, in this proposed method key matrix is constructed using the logistic diagram and the Arnold transform is used for image position scrambling. Initially the original image is decomposed into bands and compressed by level dependent hard threshold technique and then combined with above encryption algorithms to get compressed-encrypted image. This algorithm produces a cipher for the test image that has good diffusion and confusion properties. Simulation results of the histogram analysis, key sensitivity analysis of adjacent pixels, PSNR, are representing the scrambling effect, security of the proposed algorithm and considerable compression performance

Glucose gel as a potential alternative treatment to infant formula for neonatal hypoglycaemia in Australia

Infant formula is often used as a treatment for neonatal hypoglycaemia in Australia; however, there are concerns that this may jeopardise mother-baby bonding and breastfeeding. Successful use of glucose gel as an alternative treatment for hypoglycaemia has been reported. We wanted to investigate in a pilot study whether the use of glucose gel has the potential to quickly and safely restore normoglycaemia in the infants of diabetic mothers in an Australian setting. Infants with asymptomatic hypoglycaemia were treated with glucose gel (n = 36) and compared to a historical group of infants which had been treated with infant formula (n = 24). Within 15 min of the first treatment, the gel group had a mean blood glucose level (BGL) of 2.6 mmol/L, and 2.7 mmol/L 30 min after the second treatment. This was lower than the BGL after the first treatment for the formula group, which rose to a mean of 2.8 then to 3.2 mmol/L after the second treatment (p = 0.003). In successfully treated infants, administration of the gel resulted in normoglycaemia within 30 min. The likelihood of special care nursery admission was not significantly different between the groups, although we had a small sample size, and our findings should be interpreted with caution. These pilot results provide support for further investigations into the use of glucose gel as an alternative treatment to infant formula

Commentary Gaudio D, Olivieri L, De Angelis D, Poppa P, Galassi A, Cattaneo C. Reliability of craniofacial superimposition using three-dimension skull model. J Forensic Sci 2016; 61(1):5–11

Sir, In a recent attempt to evaluate the reliability of the superimposition method using 3D laser scans of skulls and scanned face images, Gaudio et al. (1) reported 40 and 44.4% false positives for landmark and morphological methods, respectively, and concluded that their “study presents the validity of a different method of manipulation of the 3D model of the skull so that it can be more efficiently aligned with a 2D image.” The methods used by these authors include the placement of targets to indicate the landmarks in the skull and face images on screen and adjusting the transparency, size, and orientation of the images “to match orientation landmarks (i.e., right and left ectocanthion, subnasal point and nasion)” (1)

Production of lipids by tetraselmis sp. Grown in palm oil mill effluent

Malaysia is one of largest palm oil producer and exporter in the world, which generates million tons of palm oil mill effluent (POME) in a year. Discharge of POME into water bodies had created major environmental pollutions in Malaysia. Other side, POME also comprised of organic and inorganic pollutants that can become as potential medium source for cost-effective wastewater treatment and biofuel production. The fresh water microalgae Tetraselmis sp. was isolated from Taman Gelora, Kuantan, Pahang. The isolated pure strain of Tetrasemis sp. was cultivated in different concentration of palm oil mill effluent medium (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%, v/v). The results disclose that the maximal growth and biomass productivity was found in 10% (v/v) concentration of POME. The maximal dried biomass 0.832g/mL and extracted total lipid content 37% was obtained. The chemical characteristics of POME before and after cultivation were pH (7.9-8.1), BOD (38-11mg/L), COD (370-192mg/L), nitrate (247-10mg/L) and phosphate (22-0.7mg/L) respectively. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry depicts fatty acid methyl ester such as palmitic acid 55.03%, stearic acid 30.83 %, palmitoleic acid 7.67% oleic acid 4.84 %, linoleic acid 5.79% and followed by gamolenic acid 3.56 %. It proves that Tetraselmis sp. one potential candidate for biodiesel production by utilizing the palm oil mill effluent medium which can contribute to the reduction of the pollution

Strategi komunikasi dalam pembelajaran sains di Sekolah Rendah Tamil / Pushparani a/l Mariappan

Penyelidikan ini memberi tumpuan kepada strategi komunikasi yang digunakan oleh murid-murid sekolah rendah semasa pembelajaran Sains dalam Bahasa Inggeris di Sekolah Tamil, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti strategi-strategi komunikasi yang digunakan oleh murid-murid, untuk mengetahui fungsi sesuatu strategi itu digunakan dan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi sesuatu strategi komunikasi digunakan semasa pembelajaran Sains dalam Bahasa Inggeris. Pengkaji telah memilih 70 orang murid tahun enam sebagai sampel kajian. 25 orang daripada sampel terdiri daripada murid perempuan dan 45 orang adalah murid lelaki. Kaedah kualitatif telah digunakan oleh pengkaji untuk membuat penganalisisan data. Bagi pengumpulan data instrumen seperti pemerhatian, rakaman video, rakam audio dan soal selidik telah digunakan. Hasil rakaman telah ditranskripsikan untuk membuat analisis terhadap strategi-strategi yang digunakan, faktor-faktor yang menggalakkan sesuatu strategi digunakan dan kesan-kesan sesuatu strategi digunakan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa pelbagai strategi telah dipilih oleh murid-murid semasa pembelajaran sains dalam bahasa Inggeris. Kesan-kesan dan faktor-faktor pemilihan sesuatu strategi juga dapat dikesan. Maka murid-murid haruslah didedahkan dengan pelbagai strategi komunikasi bagi melancarkan komunikasi semasa mempelajari sesuatu mata pelajaran dalam Bahasa Kedua