Mesoscopic wave turbulence

We report results of sumulation of wave turbulence. Both inverse and direct cascades are observed. The definition of "mesoscopic turbulence" is given. This is a regime when the number of modes in a system involved in turbulence is high enough to qualitatively simulate most of the processes but significantly smaller then the threshold which gives us quantitative agreement with the statistical description, such as kinetic equation. Such a regime takes place in numerical simulation, in essentially finite systems, etc.Comment: 5 pages, 11 figure

Structure of the Radio Source 3C 120 at 8.4 GHz from VLBA+ Observations in 2002

Maps of the radio source 3C 120 obtained from VLBA+ observations at 8.4 GHz at five epochs in January - September 2002 are presented. The images were reconstructed using the maximum entropy method and the Pulkovo VLBImager software package for VLBI mapping. Apparent superluminal motions of the brightest jet knots have been estimated. The speeds of jet knots decreases with distance from the core, changing from 5.40+-0.48c $ to 2.00+-0.48c over 10 mas (where c is the speed of light) for a Hubble constant of 65 km/s/Mpc. This can be explained by interaction of the jet with the medium through which it propagates.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, 5 table

Research of high-current pulsed electron beam energy distribution in depth of sheet of water

Distribution of the absorbed doze and energy of the high-current pulsed electron beam formed by accelerator TEU-500 (350...500 kV, 60 ns, current density 0,3...0,4 kA/sm2) in water sheet depth has been measured. The high-resolution measurement technique of doze and energy distribution with application of dosimetric film based on lavsan with phenazine covering was used. Spatial resolution at registration of the absorbed doze in the range of 5...100 kGr amounts to 20...30 mkm. It was shown that at absorption of electron beam with high current density (in conditions of track overlapping on surface of the absorbing layer) distribution of the absorbed doze in thedepth within the limits of ±10 % coincides with distribution obtained for low-current bea

The connection between the radio jet and the gamma-ray emission in the radio galaxy 3C 120

We present the analysis of the radio jet evolution of the radio galaxy 3C 120 during a period of prolonged gamma-ray activity detected by the Fermi satellite between December 2012 and October 2014. We find a clear connection between the gamma-ray and radio emission, such that every period of gamma-ray activity is accompanied by the flaring of the mm-VLBI core and subsequent ejection of a new superluminal component. However, not all ejections of components are associated with gamma-ray events detectable by Fermi. Clear gamma-ray detections are obtained only when components are moving in a direction closer to our line of sight.This suggests that the observed gamma-ray emission depends not only on the interaction of moving components with the mm-VLBI core, but also on their orientation with respect to the observer. Timing of the gamma-ray detections and ejection of superluminal components locate the gamma-ray production to within almost 0.13 pc from the mm-VLBI core, which was previously estimated to lie about 0.24 pc from the central black hole. This corresponds to about twice the estimated extension of the broad line region, limiting the external photon field and therefore suggesting synchrotron self Compton as the most probable mechanism for the production of the gamma-ray emission. Alternatively, the interaction of components with the jet sheath can provide the necessary photon field to produced the observed gamma-rays by Compton scattering.Comment: Already accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journa

Self-similarity of wind-driven seas

International audienceThe results of theoretical and numerical study of the Hasselmann kinetic equation for deep water waves in presence of wind input and dissipation are presented. The guideline of the study: nonlinear transfer is the dominating mechanism of wind-wave evolution. In other words, the most important features of wind-driven sea could be understood in a framework of conservative Hasselmann equation while forcing and dissipation determine parameters of a solution of the conservative equation. The conservative Hasselmann equation has a rich family of self-similar solutions for duration-limited and fetch-limited wind-wave growth. These solutions are closely related to classic stationary and homogeneous weak-turbulent Kolmogorov spectra and can be considered as non-stationary and non-homogeneous generalizations of these spectra. It is shown that experimental parameterizations of wind-wave spectra (e.g. JONSWAP spectrum) that imply self-similarity give a solid basis for comparison with theoretical predictions. In particular, the self-similarity analysis predicts correctly the dependence of mean wave energy and mean frequency on wave age Cp / U10. This comparison is detailed in the extensive numerical study of duration-limited growth of wind waves. The study is based on algorithm suggested by Webb (1978) that was first realized as an operating code by Resio and Perrie (1989, 1991). This code is now updated: the new version is up to one order faster than the previous one. The new stable and reliable code makes possible to perform massive numerical simulation of the Hasselmann equation with different models of wind input and dissipation. As a result, a strong tendency of numerical solutions to self-similar behavior is shown for rather wide range of wave generation and dissipation conditions. We found very good quantitative coincidence of these solutions with available results on duration-limited growth, as well as with experimental parametrization of fetch-limited spectra JONSWAP in terms of wind-wave age Cp / U10

Entanglement entropy in de Sitter: no pure states for conformal matter

In this paper, we consider the entanglement entropy of conformal matter for finite and semi-infinite entangling regions, as well as the formation of entanglement islands in four-dimensional de Sitter spacetime partially reduced to two dimensions. We analyze complementarity and pure state condition of the entanglement entropy of pure states and show that they never hold in the given setup. We consider two different types of Cauchy surfaces in the extended static patch and flat coordinates, correspondingly. For former, we found that entanglement entropy of a pure state is always bounded from below by a constant and never becomes zero, as required by quantum mechanics. In turn, the difference between the entropies for some region and its complement, which should be zero for a pure state, in direct calculations essentially depends on how the boundaries of these regions evolve with time. Regarding the flat coordinates, it is impossible to regularize spacelike infinity in a way that would be compatible with complementarity and pure state condition, as opposed, for instance, to two-sided Schwarzschild black hole. Finally, we discuss the information paradox in de Sitter and show that the island formula does not resolve it. Namely, we give examples of a region with a time-limited growth of entanglement entropy, for which there is no island solution, and the region, for which entanglement entropy does not grow, but the island solution exists.Comment: v1: 25 pages, 10 figures; v2: 25 pages, 10 figures, references added, notation clarifie

Cluster superconductivity in the magnetoelectric Pb(Fe1/2Sb1/2)O3 ceramics

We report the observation of cluster (local) superconductivity in the magnetoelectric Pb(Fe1/2Sb1/2)O3 ceramics prepared at a hydrostatic pressure of 6 GPa and temperatures 1200-1800 K to stabilize the perovskite phase. The superconductivity is manifested by an abrupt drop of the magnetic susceptibility at the critical temperature TC 7 K. Both the magnitude of this drop and TC decrease with magnetic field increase. Similarly, the low-field paramagnetic absorption measured by EPR spectrometer drops significantly below TC as well. The observed effects and their critical magnetic field dependence are interpreted as manifestation of the superconductivity and Meissner effect in metallic Pb nanoclusters existing in the ceramics. Their volume fraction and average size were estimated as 0.1-0.2% and 140-150 nm, respectively. The superconductivity related effects disappear after oxidizing annealing of the ceramics.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

Entanglement Islands and Infrared Anomalies in Schwarzschild Black Hole

In this paper, island formation for entangling regions of finite size in the asymptotically flat eternal Schwarzschild black hole is considered. We check the complementarity property of entanglement entropy which was implicitly assumed in previous studies for semi-infinite regions. This check reveals the emergence of infrared anomalies after regularization of a Cauchy surface. A naive infrared regularization based on ``mirror symmetry'' is considered and its failure is shown. We introduce an improved regularization that gives a correct limit agreed with the semi-infinite results from previous studies. As the time evolution goes, the endpoints of a finite region compatible with the improved regularization become separated by a timelike interval. We call this phenomenon the ``Cauchy surface breaking''. Shortly before the Cauchy surface breaking, finite size configurations generate asymmetric entanglement islands in contrast to the semi-infinite case. Depending on the size of the finite regions, qualitatively new behaviour arises, such as discontinuous evolution of the entanglement entropy and the absence of island formation. Finally, we show that the island prescription does not help us to solve the information paradox for certain finite size regions.Comment: v1: 55 pages, 19 figures; v2: 57 pages, 19 figures, references added, Sec. 5 presentation improve

190Pt-186Os geochronometer reveals open system behaviour of 190Pt-4He isotope system

Platinum Group Minerals are typically dated using the 187Re-187Os and 190Pt-186Os isotope systems and more recently using the 190Pt-4He geochronometer. The 187Re-187Os and 190Pt-186Os compositions of Pt-alloys from the Kondyor Zoned Ultramafic Complex (ZUC) analysed here reveal overprinting for both geochronometers except in one alloy exhibiting the most unradiogenic 187Os/188Os and most radiogenic 186Os/188Os signatures. These signatures argue for an Early Triassic mineralisation, when silicate melts/fluids derived from the partial melting of an Archean mantle crystallised to form the Kondyor ZUC while the 190Pt-4He chronometer supports an Early Cretaceous mineralisation. We propose that Kondyor ZUC represents the root of an alkaline picritic volcano that constitutes the remnants of an Early Triassic island arc formed during the subduction of the Mongol-Okhotsk ocean seafloor under the Siberia craton. After the Early Cretaceous collision of Siberia with the Mongolia-North China continent, the exhumation of deep-seated structures - such as the Kondyor ZUC - allowed these massifs to cool down below the closure temperatures of the Pt-He and K-Ar, Rb-Sr isotope systems, explaining their Early to Late Cretaceous ages for the Kondyor ZUC