Tetramodal therapy with transurethral resection followed by chemoradiation in combination with hyperthermia for muscle-invasive bladder cancer: early results of a multicenter phase IIB study.

BACKGROUND Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-BT) followed by chemoradiation (CRT) is a valid treatment option for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a tetramodal approach with additional regional hyperthermia (RHT). METHODS Patients with stages T2-4 MIBC were recruited at two institutions. Treatment consisted of TUR-BT followed by radiotherapy at doses of 57-58.2 Gy with concurrent weekly platinum-based chemotherapy and weekly deep RHT (41-43 °C, 60 min) within two hours of radiotherapy. The primary endpoint was a complete response six weeks after the end of treatment. Further endpoints were cystectomy-free rate, progression-free survival (PFS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), overall survival (OS) and toxicity. Quality of life (QoL) was assessed at follow-up using the EORTC-QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BM30 questionnaires. Due to slow accrual, an interim analysis was performed after the first stage of the two-stage design. RESULTS Altogether 27 patients were included in the first stage, of these 21 patients with a median age of 73 years were assessable. The complete response rate of evaluable patients six weeks after therapy was 93%. The 2-year cystectomy-free rate, PFS, LRFS and OS rates were 95%, 76%, 81% and 86%, respectively. Tetramodal treatment was well tolerated with acute and late G3-4 toxicities of 10% and 13%, respectively, and a tendency to improve symptom-related quality of life (QoL) one year after therapy. CONCLUSION Tetramodal therapy of T2-T4 MIBC is promising with excellent local response, moderate toxicity and good QoL. This study deserves continuation into the second stage

Difficult tracheal intubation in neonates and infants. NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe (NECTARINE): a prospective European multicentre observational study

BACKGROUND: Neonates and infants are susceptible to hypoxaemia in the perioperative period. The aim of this study was to analyse interventions related to anaesthesia tracheal intubations in this European cohort and identify their clinical consequences. METHODS: We performed a secondary analysis of tracheal intubations of the European multicentre observational trial (NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe [NECTARINE]) in neonates and small infants with difficult tracheal intubation. The primary endpoint was the incidence of difficult intubation and the related complications. The secondary endpoints were the risk factors for severe hypoxaemia attributed to difficult airway management, and 30 and 90 day outcomes. RESULTS: Tracheal intubation was planned in 4683 procedures. Difficult tracheal intubation, defined as two failed attempts of direct laryngoscopy, occurred in 266 children (271 procedures) with an incidence (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 5.8% (95% CI, 5.1–6.5). Bradycardia occurred in 8% of the cases with difficult intubation, whereas a significant decrease in oxygen saturation (SpO2<90% for 60 s) was reported in 40%. No associated risk factors could be identified among co-morbidities, surgical, or anaesthesia management. Using propensity scoring to adjust for confounders, difficult anaesthesia tracheal intubation did not lead to an increase in 30 and 90 day morbidity or mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study demonstrate a high incidence of difficult tracheal intubation in children less than 60 weeks post-conceptual age commonly resulting in severe hypoxaemia. Reassuringly, the morbidity and mortality at 30 and 90 days was not increased by the occurrence of a difficult intubation event

Vežbanje u nastavi srpskog jezika u funkciji unapređivanja usmenog i pisanog izražavanja učenika mlađeg školskog uzrasta

Modern society, among other things, is characterized by a kind of crisis in culture, which transposes both the culture of speech and the culture of written expression. Although the participation of the educational institutions in solving this problem is necessary, Serbian language teaching in the elementary school itself also faces numerous challengesof developing pupils’ culture of expression. Author examines the importance of exercising in Serbian language teaching in the function of developing elementary school age pupils’language culture. Research tasks concerned teachers’ experience (N = 273) in relation to types of exercises in language culture teaching in order to promote (a) oral and (b) written expression. Results of the study show that orthoepic exercises are used to the greatest extent in the function of promoting oral expression, whereby articulation exercises are dominant in the first and second grade, and accent exercises in the third and fourth grade.The most common form of written exercises in the first and second grade is dictation, while the most frequent exercises in the third and fourth grade are written essays. By shifting the focus of teaching tasks to developing linguistic and stylistic values of expression, pupils would be more likely encouraged to apply acquired knowledge in their own language practice, in oral and written expression, and in this way, their creative potentials would be more comprehensively involved, in the function of promoting language literacy.Publishe

LEADERSHIP AND EDUCATION

Responsibility for their own professional development and their influence on colleagues in order to improve the institution is a guideline for this type of leadership to go. Experience shows that the leadership development phase has the same value as the implementation phase. Mutual comments on the workings of one another and help in more efficient application have influenced, for their part, the change in the way technology is used in schools and faculties. Experiments of this kind show that pupils and students become very interested and motivated, learning through cooperation with teachers and participating in discussions. My personal experience with the students of many generations, with whom I repeated this experiment, proved to be a very valuable contribution to increased alertness and better results. We should not run away from it, to provide teachers with a way to learn how to practice leadership. Teachers are the best friend of each other in an effort to transform education. International networking is a way to inspire teachers to spread their own professionalism. It is not excluded that some people are born as leaders, but it is quite certain that such people are very few. The fact is that leadership can and must learn. The health sector needs doctors who will always go forward, show their followers, make a way, citing them with an intense feeling and passion for this call. The leader in this field must be able to recognize changes in the work of the institution, plan and manage change projects, find the best ways to overcome the problems that arise, but also the ability to adequately assess the effects of the achievement of the change. It is undeniable that transformational, team and charismatic leadership are the most widespread in the application, but also that those approaches are complementary and that their combination is even desirable.Publishe

Tragom dečjeg poimanja književnosti - Buba Stojanović i Danijela Mišić: Dečji svetovi u knjigama – mogućnosti tumačenja (2018). Vranje: Pedagoški fakultet

Prikaz knjige Buba Stojanović i Danijela Mišić: Dečji svetovi u knjigama – mogućnosti tumačenja (2018). Vranje: Pedagoški fakultetPublishe

ZNAČAJ I MOGUĆNOSTI RAZVIJANjA TOLERANCIJE POSREDSTVOM KNjIŽEVNOG TEKSTA KOD DECE PREDŠKOLSKOG UZRASTA

Tolerancija kao jedan od preduslova za suživot u savreme­nom demokratskom društvu podrazumeva sposobnost i nameru pojedinca za prihvatanje drugog i drugačijeg. U tom smislu, razvijanje „kulture tole­rancije” nezaobilazno je područje u svim vrstama i na svim nivoima obra­zovanja, počev od predškolskog perioda, naročito značajnog za razvoj osnovnih socijalno-emocionalnih veština. Imajući u vidu važnost književne umetnosti za saznajni, emocio­nalni i socijalni razvoj, autori u radu ispituju mogućnosti razvijanja tolerancije kod dece predškolskog uzrasta posredstvom književnog teksta. U cilju podrške vaspitačima pri izboru sadržaja aktivnosti u funkciji kreiranja podsticajnog okruženja, analizirane su konkretne mogućnosti ostvarivanja zadataka vaspitnoobrazovnog rada u kontekstu podrške soci­jalnoj dobrobiti dece.Publishe

ATTITUDES OF STUDENTS OF WESTERN BALKANS’ TEACHER- TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTIES ON E-BOOK USE IN CHANGED SOCIAL CONTEXT

The authors examine attitudes of students of teacher-training faculties and faculties of education (N = 394) from four countries of the Western Balkans on (a) advantages and (b) limitations of using e-books and (c) on the perspective of using different forms of books in changed social context. Results of the research show that students value practical aspect of using an e-book the most, including among its most significant advantages the availability and the possiblity to store a large number of books on one device, while the most important limitations are lack of smell and sound when turning pages as well as reader fatigue. Future teachers and nursery teachers agree that printed book will always have its place among readers, regardless of the progress of modern technology, and that after the pandemic, most people will return to printed book. On the other hand, their views are not harmonized when assessing the complete dominance of e-book over the printed one, sometime in the future. Although today’s students grew up in a digital information environment, their attitudes regarding the use of e-books imply that they can critically assess place and role of different forms of books in the process of creating a productive learning environment.Publishe

Iskustva učitelja u korišćenju elektronske knjige u izmenjenom društvenom kontekstu

The requirements of information technology-aided contemporary teaching as well as the changed social context, due to the global health pandemic, have transformed the traditional educational communication paradigm into a new one, created by digital media tech- nology, and have affirmed the use of e-books in teaching and learning. The present paper investigates primary school teachers’ experiences (N = 1117) as re- gards using (a) e-books for teaching purposes; (b) e-textbooks for the purpose of distance teaching; (c) certain e-books for teaching purposes; (d) digital libraries. The majority of primary school teachers have experience in using e-books for teaching purposes, with e-textbooks being used to an almost equal extent in both direct and online distance teaching; regarding professional literature, the respondents mostly use e-books on teaching methods, on pedagogy and psychol- ogy, while most interest has been expressed in using the Digital National Library of Serbia and the Internet Archive. The research results show that primary school teachers use resources from electronic sources for the purposes of education and self-education, which has been in part influenced by the global health crisis, but that there is also a need for further development of their digital competences in this particular domain, so that they would be able to respond to the future challenges posed by the digital age.Publishe

The state and distribution of heavy metals in water environment of Skadar Lake (Serbia and Montenegro)

Skadar Lake is the biggest, and the most important, aquatic catchment in Montenegro. The main inflows to the lake (from Montenegro) are the Moraca and Crnojevica Rivers. These rivers flow through industrial and urban settlements, which may ultimately result in pollution of lake water. The objective of this study was to provide more detailed information on the eco-chemical properties of the lake system through measurement of metal concentrations and the role of sediment - water in controlling their mobility and speciation. Sediments and water samples were taken from 15 sites and analysed for iron, copper, zinc, cadmium and lead. The results indicate certain difference of chemistry between waters from examined sites, and similarities of metal distributions between extracted phases of sediment, as well as between sediment and water. The results suggest that the overall aquatic ecosystem of the lake is still in a relatively pristine state