5,069 research outputs found
Study of non-equilibrium effects and thermal properties of heavy ion collisions using a covariant approach
Non-equilibrium effects are studied using a full Lorentz-invariant formalism.
Our analysis shows that in reactions considered here, no global or local
equilibrium is reached. The heavier masses are found to be equilibrated more
than the lighter systems. The local temperature is extracted using hot Thomas
Fermi formalism generalized for the case of two interpenetrating pieces of
nuclear matter. The temperature is found to vary linearly with bombarding
energy and impact parameter whereas it is nearly independent of the mass of the
colliding nuclei. This indicates that the study of temperature with medium size
nuclei is also reliable. The maximum temperatures obtained in our approach are
in a nice agreement with earlier calculations of other approaches. A simple
parametrization of maximal temperature as a function of the bombarding energy
is also given.Comment: LaTex-file, 17 pages, 8 figures (available upon request), Journal of
Physics G20 (1994) 181
Domain Growth in Random Magnets
We study the kinetics of domain growth in ferromagnets with random exchange
interactions. We present detailed Monte Carlo results for the nonconserved
random-bond Ising model, which are consistent with power-law growth with a
variable exponent. These results are interpreted in the context of disorder
barriers with a logarithmic dependence on the domain size. Further, we clarify
the implications of logarithmic barriers for both nonconserved and conserved
domain growth.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
COMMUNALIZATION OF PEKULEN LAND AND DISTRIBUTION OF ITS UTILIZATION AS A MECHANISM FOR REALIZING AGRARIAN JUSTICE
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the tradition of communalization of pekulen land and the distribution of its use.
Methodology: This research conducted with empirical legal research those locations in Pituruh Subdistrict, Purworejo Regency, Central Java with the socio-legal approach.
Results: This research found that the communal mechanism for pekulen land was first developed by the Dutch colonial government by utilizing local customary law to guarantee the availability of labor and agricultural land for land taxes and cultuurstelsel. This model now transformed and has many benefits such distribute the right of land use, protecting the rights of landholders, guaranteeing the protection of land functions, maintaining the integrity of village communities, and so on. The implementation of communalization of pekulen land and distribution of its use is a mechanism of local wisdom that grows and develops by transforming the values of customary law in land regulation.
Implications: This paper provides a new way of understanding the practice of communalization of land that initiated by the citizens. Pekulen land is a form of land rights originating from customary law which is owned by the village community who are given the right of use to members of the village community to be used for their personal interests. Thus, Land communalization is an alternative policy model that is applied to regulate land ownership in a more organized manner with a strong collectivity bond in a community
Amplification of Fluctuations in Unstable Systems with Disorder
We study the early-stage kinetics of thermodynamically unstable systems with
quenched disorder. We show analytically that the growth of initial fluctuations
is amplified by the presence of disorder. This is confirmed by numerical
simulations of morphological phase separation (MPS) in thin liquid films and
spinodal decomposition (SD) in binary mixtures. We also discuss the
experimental implications of our results.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figure
Cerebral spectroscopic and oxidative stress studies in patients with schizophrenia who have dangerously violently offended
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The aim of this study was to bring together all the results of <it>in vivo </it>studies of ethane excretion and cerebral spectroscopy in patients with schizophrenia who have dangerously seriously violently offended in order to determine the extent to which they shed light on the degree to which the membrane phospholipid hypothesis and the actions of free radicals and other reactive species are associated with cerebral pathophysiological mechanisms in this group of patients.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The patients investigated were inpatients from a medium secure unit with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of schizophrenia. There was no history of alcohol dependency or any other comorbid psychoactive substance misuse disorder. Expert psychiatric opinion, accepted in court, was that all these patients had violently offended directly as a result of schizophrenia prior to admission. These offences consisted of homicide, attempted murder or wounding with intent to cause grievous bodily harm. Excreted ethane was analyzed and quantified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (<it>m</it>/<it>z </it>= 30). 31-phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy data were obtained at a magnetic field strength of 1.5 T using an image-selected <it>in vivo </it>spectroscopy sequence (TR = 10 s; 64 signal averages localized on a 70 × 70 × 70 mm<sup>3 </sup>voxel).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Compared with age- and sex-matched controls, in the patient group the mean alveolar ethane level was higher (<it>p </it>< 0.0005), the mean cerebral beta-nucleotide triphosphate was lower (<it>p </it>< 0.04) and the mean gamma-nucleotide triphosphate was higher (<it>p </it>< 0.04). There was no significant difference between the two groups in respect of phosphomonoesters, phosphodiesters or broad resonances.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results are not necessarily inconsistent with the membrane phospholipid hypothesis, given that the patients studied suffered predominantly from positive symptoms of schizophrenia. The results suggest that there is increased cerebral mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in patients with schizophrenia who have dangerously and seriously violently offended, with an associated increase in oxygen flux and subsequent electron 'leakage' from the electron transport chain leading to the formation of superoxide radicals and other reactive oxygen species. In turn, these reactive species might cause increased lipid peroxidation in neuroglial membranes, thereby accounting for the observation of increased ethane excretion.</p
Nakajima-Zwanzig versus time-convolutionless master equation for the non-Markovian dynamics of a two-level system
We consider the exact reduced dynamics of a two-level system coupled to a
bosonic reservoir, further obtaining the exact time-convolutionless and
Nakajima-Zwanzig non-Markovian equations of motion. The considered system
includes the damped and undamped Jaynes-Cummings model. The result is obtained
by exploiting an expression of quantum maps in terms of matrices and a simple
relation between the time evolution map and time-convolutionless generator as
well as Nakajima-Zwanzig memory kernel. This non-perturbative treatment shows
that each operator contribution in Lindblad form appearing in the exact
time-convolutionless master equation is multiplied by a different time
dependent function. Similarly, in the Nakajima-Zwanzig master equation each
such contribution is convoluted with a different memory kernel. It appears that
depending on the state of the environment the operator structures of the two
set of equations of motion can exhibit important differences.Comment: 12 pages, no figure
Scaling in Late Stage Spinodal Decomposition with Quenched Disorder
We study the late stages of spinodal decomposition in a Ginzburg-Landau mean
field model with quenched disorder. Random spatial dependence in the coupling
constants is introduced to model the quenched disorder. The effect of the
disorder on the scaling of the structure factor and on the domain growth is
investigated in both the zero temperature limit and at finite temperature. In
particular, we find that at zero temperature the domain size, , scales
with the amplitude, , of the quenched disorder as with and in two
dimensions. We show that , where is the
Lifshitz-Slyosov exponent. At finite temperature, this simple scaling is not
observed and we suggest that the scaling also depends on temperature and .
We discuss these results in the context of Monte Carlo and cell dynamical
models for phase separation in systems with quenched disorder, and propose that
in a Monte Carlo simulation the concentration of impurities, , is related to
by .Comment: RevTex manuscript 5 pages and 5 figures (obtained upon request via
email [email protected]
Perbandingan Pengelolaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Kota Semarang Dan Kota Surabaya Tahun 2010-2015
. Green Open Space is an importat element in creating qualified city in realizing ecological city in order of ecological city realization. The government policy related to the 30% proportion provision constitute the minimum size in an effort to ensure an urban development balance. Management of green open space is one of general policy and regional development programs in environment space sector by the municipality to fulfill extents of green open space. Manajement of green open space in the city of Semarang and Surabaya is done through of planning, organizing, directing, and monitoring. Research method uses descriptively qualitative approach with observation, interview, and literary review as the data collecting technique. The interviewees are Sub Field Head of Spatial Planning and Environment of Bappeda Semarang, Landscape Gardening Division Head of Hygiene and Landscaping Gardening Department of Semarang, Sub Section Head of Spatial Planning, Housing and Environment of Bappeko Surabaya, Staff of Green open Space Planning of Hygiene and Green Open Space of Surabaya In the manajement comparative of green open space in the city of semarang and Surabaya in 2010-2015, the are similarities and differences. Differences in management of Green Open Space in Semarang and Surabaya there is in quality of human resources, leadership style, budget and the involvement of private sector. The presence of this research can be used as an input in the management of Green Open Space in the city of Semarang and Surabaya Recommendation could be done to Semarang city is to improve the quality of human resources of relevan agencies and conducting CSR with private sector. Whereas the recommendation could be done to Surabaya city is to give strict punishment for the people who founded illegal building on land designated as Green Open Space
Modelling the many-body dynamics of heavy ion collisions: Present status and future perspective
Basic problems of the semiclassical microscopic modelling of strongly
interactingsystems are discussed within the framework of Quantum Molecular
Dynamics (QMD). This model allows to study the influence of several types of
nucleonic interactions on a large variety of observables and phenomena
occurring in heavy ion collisions at relativistic energies.It is shown that the
same predictions can be obtained with several -- numerically completely
different and independently written -- programs as far as the same model
parameters are employed and the same basic approximations are made. Many
observables are robust against variations of the details of the model
assumptions used. Some of the physical results, however, depend also on rather
technical parameters like the preparation of the initial configuration in phase
space. This crucial problem is connected with the description of the ground
state of single nuclei,which differs among the various approaches. An outlook
to an improved molecular dynamics scheme for heavy ion collisions is given.Comment: 39 pages, 12 figure
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