Plant-based insecticides and their bio-efficacy evaluation against Myzusp persicae on capsicum Plant

This study aimed to formulate plant-based insecticides to control Myzus persicae using essential oils extracted from four plants—Artemisia vulgaris, Cymbopogon flexuosus, Tagetes minuta, and Rosmarinus officinalis—abundantly available in the central Himalayas. The insecticidal efficacy of these essential oils was evaluated using both leaf immersion and residue contact bioassay methods. In the residue contact bioassay, A. vulgaris demonstrated the highest toxicity compared to the leaf dip method, with relative toxicity values of 3.07, 1.97, and 1.17 for A. vulgaris, C. flexuosus, and T. minuta, respectively. In the leaf immersion bioassay, the relative toxicity values were 2.97, 2.64, and 1.34 for the same plants. R. officinalis served as the baseline with a relative toxicity value of one in both bioassays. The order of LC50 at 48 HAE (Hours After Exposure) in the residue contact bioassay was A. vulgaris (0.104) >C. flexuosus (0.166) >T. minuta (0.272) >R. officinalis(0.319%). Similarly, in the leaf immersion bioassay, the order was A. vulgaris (0.161) >C. flexuosus (0.182) >T.minuta(0.358) >R. officinalis (0.481%). While the order of LC50 values remained consistent between the two bioassays, the lower LC50 values in the residue contact bioassay suggest its superiority over the leaf immersion method

An analytic Study of the Key Factors Influencing the Design and Routing Techniques of a Wireless Sensor Network

A wireless sensor network contains various nodes having certain sensing, processing & communication capabilities. Actually they are multifunctional battery operated nodes called motes. These motes are small in size & battery constrained. They are operated by a power source. A wireless sensor network consists of a huge number of tiny sensor nodes which are deployed either randomly or according to some predefined distribution. The sensors nodes in a sensor network are cooperative among themselves having self-organizing ability. This ensures that a wireless network serves a wide variety of applications. Few of them are weather monitoring, health, security & military etc. As their applications are wide, this requires that sensors in a sensor network must play their role very efficiently. But, as discussed above, the sensor nodes have energy limitation. This limitation leads failure of nodes after certain round of communication. So, a sensor network suffers with sensors having energy limitations. Beside this, sensor nodes in a sensor network must fulfill connectivity & coverage requirements. In this paper, we have discussed various issues affecting the design of a wireless sensor network. This provides the readers various research issues in designing a wireless sensor network

Evaluation of additional confinement for three-dimensional geoinclusions under general stress state

Three-dimensional cellular geoinclusions (e.g., geocells, scrap tires) offer all-around confinement to the granular infill materials, thus improving their strength and stiffness. The accurate evaluation of extra confinement offered by these geoinclusions is essential for predicting their performance in the field. The existing models to evaluate the additional confinement are based on either a plane-strain or axisymmetric stress state. However, these geoinclusions are more likely to be subjected to the three-dimensional stresses in actual practice. This note proposes a semi-empirical model to evaluate the additional confinement provided by cellular geoinclusions under the three-dimensional stress state. The proposed model is successfully validated against the experimental data. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the influence of input parameters on additional confinement. Results reveal that the simplification of the three-dimensional stress state into axisymmetric or plane-strain condition has resulted in inaccurate and unreliable results. The extra confinement offered by the geoinclusion shows substantial variation along the intermediate and minor principal stress directions depending on the intermediate principal stress, infill soil, and geoinclusion properties. The magnitude of additional confinement increases with an increase in the geoinclusion modulus. The findings are crucial for accurate assessment of the in situ performance of three-dimensional cellular geoinclusions.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Providing a better life for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patient or Spinal Cord Injured Patient by Artificial Neural Network or BrainGate

BrainGate is a brain implant system built and previously owned by Cyber kinetics, currently under development and in clinical trials, designed to help those who have lost control of their limbs, or other bodily functions, such as patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or spinal cord injury. The sensor, which is implanted into the brain, monitors brain activity in the patient and converts the intention of the user into computer commands. BrainGate is a path to a better way of life for severely motor-impaired individuals. Through years of advanced research, BrainGate enables these people with the ability to communicate, interact and function through thought. BrainGate's mission is to further the advancement of this life-changing technology to promote wider adoption to help impaired individuals communicate and interact with society. For instance, the Cyberkinetic’s BrainGate Neural Interface is currently the subject of a pilot clinical trial being conducted under an Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) from the FDA. The system is designed to restore functionality for a limited, immobile group of severely motor-impaired individuals. It is expected that people using the BrainGate System will employ a personal computer as the gateway to a range of self-directed activities. These activities may extend beyond typical computer functions to include the control of objects in the environment such as a telephone, a television and lights

A second trimester live tubal ectopic pregnancy: a case report

Ectopic or extra-uterine pregnancy occurs most commonly in fallopian tube. High index of suspicion is key to diagnose ectopic pregnancy in a pregnant-women presenting in first trimester with complains of amenorrhoea, pain in lower abdomen and vaginal bleeding. Such pregnancy can be managed by expectant, medically with methotrexate or surgically via laparoscopy or laparotomy if diagnosed promptly. In this case study, a 36-years-old, G2P1+0 presented in second trimester of pregnancy with pain in lower abdomen and vaginal bleeding. Her vitals were unstable and abdomen tender on palpation. Urgent ultrasound was done suggestive empty uterine cavity, a live 13 weeks 6 days fetus in left adnexa and hemoperitoneum suggestive ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy. The patient’s final diagnosis was live 13 weeks 6 days ruptured left tubal ectopic pregnancy which was managed by emergency laparotomy with a salpingectomy

A Real Time Approach to Theft Prevention in the field of Transportation System

This paper report discusses a theft prevention system, which can prevent the theft and also can be track the object. This system is capable to tracking the vehicle as well as theft prevention. An R.F. module is use to exchange the information regarding vehicle and owner of the vehicle with police control room or SOS services. The vehicle can be track with the help of R.F. receiver. A DTMF based fuel lock has been attached in this system. A cell phone with SIM card has been attached with DTMF IC. The fuel flow in the vehicle can be controlled by give a call to this cell phone. This system has been controlled by a microcontroller which can make the system cost effective, low power consumption, effective and reliable

Love Experiences of Older African Americans: A Qualitative Study

The purpose of this study was to explore the romantic love experiences of African American older adults. Popular views on love among older African Americans remain highly subjective, open to the imaginations of other individuals and groups. This study attempts to challenge the popular descriptions of the nature of love among African American elderly by gathering narratives on various aspects of love as told by a sample of African-American elderly. A qualitative design is used to sample, gather and analyze data on love among African-American elderly. Our findings reveal that African American older adults value emotional intimacy. Cultural and historical factors appear to influence the choice of partners in later life. Implications for social intervention are discussed

Piles subjected to torsional cyclic load: Numerical analysis

© 2019 Nimbalkar, Punetha, Basack and Mirzababaei. Pile foundations supporting large structures (such as high-rise buildings, oil drilling platforms, bridges etc). are often subjected to eccentric lateral load (in addition to the vertical loads) due to the action of wind, waves, high speed traffic, and ship impacts etc. The eccentric lateral load, which is usually cyclic (repetitive) in nature, induces torsion in the pile foundation. This paper presents a numerical model based on boundary element approach to study the performance of a single pile subjected to the torsional cyclic load. The model is initially validated by comparing it with the experimental data available from the literature. Thereafter, the model has been utilized to conduct a parametric study to understand the influence of the torsional cyclic loading parameters on the axial pile capacity. The results indicated that the model is able to capture the degradation in the axial pile capacity due to the torsional cyclic loading with a reasonable accuracy. Moreover, the parametric study showed that the frequency, amplitude and number of cycles play a significant role in the torsional cyclic response of the pile. The present study is essential for the development of design guidelines for pile foundations subjected to torsional cyclic load