9 research outputs found

    The Relevance of Students' Digital Media Behaviour and Self-Efficacy for Academic Achievement in View of their Socio-Economic Background

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    Research suggests a link between students’ social background, e.g. educational background of parents, academic self-efficacy expectations and study behaviour. Often, lower academic achievement is expected of those students’ whose parents are characterized by lower educational background. Although digital media are prevalent in several areas of everyday life, their relevance for academic achievement is not satisfactorily explored. Furthermore, it remains largely unknown in this context whether media usage is related to social background factors. In consequence, it is important to investigate if existing inequalities in higher education are stable, further enhanced or even reduced by means of “digitalisation”. The present study explores the relationships between individual, contextual as well as social background factors, with a special focus on academic and digital media self-efficacy expectations. Data was collected at four German universities in summer 2018 (n = 2039). Currently, data is analysed by means of structural equation models

    Students’ Digital Media Usage at the University of TĂŒbingen During the CoViD19 Semester 2020 Compared to 2018

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    Diese Studie verfolgte das Ziel, die digitale Mediennutzung Studierender wĂ€hrend des sogenannten Corona-Semesters im Sommer 2020 mit Daten aus dem Jahr 2018 zu vergleichen. Zwei Forschungsfragen werden im vorliegenden Papier adressiert: Inwieweit unterscheidet sich die Mediennutzung der Studierenden wĂ€hrend des digitalen Sommersemesters 2020 von der Mediennutzung im Jahr 2018? In welcher Weise hĂ€ngt die Mediennutzung im Jahr 2020 mit individuellen Faktoren zusammen (z. B. emotionale Befindlichkeit, soziale Integration, Selbstwirksamkeit)? Im Jahr 2020 nahmen 207 Studierende der UniversitĂ€t TĂŒbingen an einer Online-Befragung zu ihrer digitalen Mediennutzung teil. Diese Daten wurden mit einem bestehenden Datensatz der gleichen UniversitĂ€t aus dem Jahr 2018 (N = 808 Studierende) verglichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen einen signifikanten Anstieg der Mediennutzung der Studierenden in allen Kategorien, insbesondere beim Learning Management System, Online-Übungen, Lernvideos und Videokonferenzen. Es konnte auch ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen der Nutzung von Online-Tools zum Zwecke des Lernens durch die Studierenden und ihrem GefĂŒhl der sozialen Integration festgestellt werden. Weiterhin gab es ZusammenhĂ€nge zwischen der Selbstwirksamkeit der Studierenden in Bezug auf digitale Medien und ihren lernrelevanten Emotionen. Der Artikel diskutiert diese Ergebnisse vor dem Hintergrund anderer Studien zur Mediennutzung von Studierenden und liefert erste praktische Implikationen fĂŒr Dozierende.The purpose of this study was to compare students’ digital media use during the so-called corona semester in summer of 2020 when universities worldwide moved to online teaching and learning, with data from 2018. Two research questions were at the center of our study: To what extent did students’ media use during the digital summer semester 2020 differ from media use in 2018? In which ways is media use in 2020 related to individual factors (e.g., emotional states, social integration, self-efficacy)? In 2020, 207 students at the University of TĂŒbingen participated in an online survey on their digital media use. This data was compared with an existing data set from the same university from 2018 (N = 808 students). Results show a significant increase in students’ media use across all categories, in particular Learning Management System, online exercises, learning videos, and video conferencing. We also found a significant relation of students’ usage of online tools for learning with their feeling of social integration, as well as connections between students’ digital media self-efficacy and their learning-relevant emotions. The article discusses these results in the light of other studies on students’ media uses and provides first practical implications for lecturers

    A Typology of Higher Education Students’ Media-Usage Behaviour

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    This study extends previous research on higher education (HE) students’ media usage, considering attitudes towards digital media and exploring gender and subject-related differences. Data is based on a standardised online survey conducted from May to July 2018 at four German universities (n = 1684). Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted to identify a typology of media-usage patterns and attitudes, based on the average frequency of usage of different media applications (such as e-books, communication tools, study-related online tools etc.), attitudes towards digital media according to several dimensions (e.g. curiosity/interest and scepticism) and selfassessed skills regarding for example media technology, literature databases and research, and programming. The resulting types of media users were then analysed in terms of relationships with gender, study subjects and digital media self-efficacy. The results of this explorative study provide further insights into media use in HE, based on current data and for a diverse student sample, and allow for in-depth follow up research

    Digital Media in Higher Education – The Use and Importance of Digital Media in Contemporary University Studies

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    Digitalisierung betrifft viele Bereiche des alltĂ€glichen Lebens und ist lĂ€ngst auch an Hochschulen angekommen: Elektronische Systeme ermöglichen Kursbuchung und Studienorganisation und das Bereitstellen von Materialien; Vorlesungsaufzeichnungen und Videokonferenzen ergĂ€nzen (oder ersetzen) PrĂ€senzlehrveranstaltungen und Soziale Medien ermöglichen eine neue Art von sozialer Vernetzung und Kollaboration im Rahmen des Studiums. Forschung zu digitaler Mediennutzung an Hochschulen, im nationalen und internationalen Kontext, zeigt eine weite Verbreitung und Nutzung von digitalen Medien im Studium. Leider bleibt diese Art von Forschung oft auf deskriptive Elemente beschrĂ€nkt und ist nicht in ĂŒbergeordnete Modelle zu Studienerfolgsfaktoren integriert. Forschung auf Basis dieser Modelle hingegen, die fĂŒr Faktoren wie zum Beispiel Zielorientierung, Selbstwirksamkeit oder soziale HintergrĂŒnde bereits gut etabliert sind, blendet oft die Verbreitung von digitalen Medien in der Hochschulbildung aus und erscheint daher nicht mehr ganz angepasst an das zeitgemĂ€ĂŸe Studium. Das mit der vorliegenden Dissertation verfolgte Ziel ist daher die Erforschung der Verwendung und Relevanz von digitalen Medien im heutigen UniversitĂ€tsstudium in Deutschland, auf der Basis von aktuellen Daten aus dem Jahr 2018 und einer interdisziplinĂ€ren theoretischen Perspektive zu Studienerfolgsfaktoren. Ausgehend von der Sozial-Kognitiven-Lerntheorie wurde daher ein Modell fĂŒr Studienleistung entwickelt, welches um medienbezogene Selbstwirksamkeit und Medienhandeln ergĂ€nzt wurde. In dieser Dissertation werden dieses Modell und die Ergebnisse von vier empirischen Studien diskutiert. ZunĂ€chst wurde ein geeignetes Fragebogeninstrument entwickelt und psychometrisch getestet. Die Daten wurden anschließend explorativ hinsichtlich der Identifikation verschiedener Mediennutzungstypen unter Studierenden analysiert. In einer mehrstufigen Analyse wurden daraufhin die ZusammenhĂ€nge von z. B. Selbstwirksamkeit, sozialen HintergrĂŒnden, Mediennutzung und Studienleistung untersucht. Abschließend wurden FĂ€cherunterschiede hinsichtlich der studienbezogenen Technologienutzung analysiert. Es zeigten sich erste Anhaltspunkte dafĂŒr, dass sich bestimmte Mediennutzungsmuster, die z.~B. durch eine hohe Skepsis gegenĂŒber digitalen Medien bei gleichzeitig hohem Interesse und (selbst eingeschĂ€tzten) FĂ€higkeiten gekennzeichnet sind, positiv auf die Studienleistungen auswirken können. Mit Blick auf medienbezogene Selbstwirksamkeit bestĂ€tigt sich die angenommene hohe Relevanz des Konstruktes, insbesondere fĂŒr die Analyse von Handeln und Einstellungen in Bezug auf digitale Medien. DarĂŒber hinaus ergeben sich hier mögliche Ansatzpunkte fĂŒr gezielte Fördermaßnahmen. Die theoretisch fundierte und neu entwickelte Skala fĂŒr medienbezogene Selbstwirksamkeit erlaubt dabei eine leicht umzusetzende Messung des Konstrukts. Außerdem zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass sozioökonomische Unterschiede hinsichtlich der akademischen Selbstwirksamkeit und der damit verbundenen Zielorientierungen und Studienleistungen nach wie vor bestehen. Ein Einfluss des sozialen Hintergrunds ist bei medienbezogener Selbstwirksamkeit jedoch nicht erkennbar. Hierbei zeigten sich allerdings deutliche geschlechtsbezogene Unterschiede, ebenso wie auch bei der akademischen Selbstwirksamkeit und verschiedenen Mediennutzungstypen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Dissertation geben insgesamt einen umfassenden Einblick in das studentische (Medien-)Handeln im modernen Hochschulkontext, in mögliche Determinanten der Studienleistung und in gruppenspezifische Unterschiede (z.~B. hinsichtlich Geschlecht, Fach oder sozioökonomischem Hintergrund). Diese Erkenntnisse sind von hohem praktischen Wert, z.B. fĂŒr die Curriculumsplanung und fĂŒr die Identifizierung von Chancen und Barrieren bei der Integration von Technologien in den Studienkontext - insbesondere bei einem Übergang zu digitalen Lehrformaten, wie es z.B. im Jahr 2020 aufgrund der COVID-19-Pandemie hĂ€ufig notwendig wurde. Insgesamt fĂŒhren die im Rahmen dieser Dissertation durchgefĂŒhrten Studien zu einem signifikanten Erkenntnisgewinn fĂŒr die Forschung im Hochschulbereich und bieten vielfĂ€ltige Möglichkeiten fĂŒr weitere Forschung und Praxis an Hochschulen.Digitalisation affects many areas of everyday life and has long since arrived in higher education: Electronic systems make it possible to book courses, organise studies and provide course materials; lecture recordings and video conferences complement (or even replace) classroom teaching and social media platforms enable a new type of social networking and collaboration within the framework of studies. Research on digital media use at universities, in a national and international context, has indicated a wide distribution and use of digital media in the education context. However, this type of research is often limited to descriptive elements and is not integrated into higher education models of study success factors. On the other hand, research based on these models, which are already well established for factors such as goal orientation, self-efficacy or social background, for instance, often ignores the prevalence of digital media in higher education and therefore potentially appears to be no longer fully adapted to contemporary university studies. Thus, the aim of the present dissertation is therefore to investigate the use and relevance of digital media in contemporary German university studies, based on current data from 2018 and an interdisciplinary theoretical perspective on factors of academic success. On the basis of social cognitive theory, a model for academic achievement was used. This model was extended by digital media self-efficacy and digital media behaviour. In this dissertation, this model and the results of four empirical studies are discussed. First, a suitable questionnaire instrument was developed and psychometrically tested. The data was then used to identify media user types among students. In a multi-stage analysis, the influences of, for example, self-efficacy, social backgrounds and digital media use on academic achievement were then examined. Finally, subject differences regarding study-related technology use were analysed. The results showed first indications that certain patterns of media use, which are characterised, for example, by a high level of scepticism towards digital media combined with a high level of interest and (self-assessed) skills, can have a positive effect on academic performance. Regarding media-related self-efficacy, the assumed high relevance of the construct is confirmed, especially for the analysis of digital media-related behaviour and attitudes. In addition, this offers possible starting points for interventions. In this regard, the theoretically well-founded and newly developed scale for digital media self-efficacy can be easily implemented. Furthermore, the results show that socioeconomic differences still exist in academic self-efficacy, the associated goal orientations and academic performance. However, an influence of social background was not observed for digital media self-efficacy. On the other hand, clear gender-related differences were evident for digital media self-efficacy and for academic self-efficacy and different types of media use. Overall, the results of this dissertation provide a comprehensive insight into student (media) behaviour in the modern university context, possible determinants of academic achievement and group-specific differences (e.g. regarding gender, subject or socioeconomic background). These findings are of practical value, for example, for curriculum planning and for identifying opportunities and barriers to the integration of technologies in the study context -- especially in the transition to digital teaching formats, as has often been necessary, for example, in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Altogether, the studies carried out in the context of this dissertation lead to a significant gain in knowledge for research in higher education and offer various opportunities for further research and practice at universities

    Higher education students differ in their technology use

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    Digital media are widely used among Higher Education (HE) students; however, it is not clear yet how students from different disciplines apply learning technology. When differences in technology use were found among disciplines, they were identified broadly, for example, between soft and hard sciences, that is, social sciences/humanities vs. natural sciences. Beyond this, disciplines may also differ according to their traditions, norms and values that form their discipline-specific cultures. Thus, based on the theoretical perspectives of social cognitive theory and organisational culture, this present study aimed to examine students’ technology use in different HE disciplines. In a multilevel analysis, data from four German universities were analyzed, including more than 1,200 students from 105 disciplines. The findings suggest that students in different disciplines vary substantially in their average use of study-related technology. Furthermore, on the individual level, study-related technology use depends on individual factors, e.g., perceived usefulness. This present study's results contribute to further extending our knowledge about student technology use in HE. Above all, the conceptual and methodical models can serve as a theoretical and empirical basis for future studies. To analyze disciplinary differences, the study shows that a rough classification, for example hard versus soft disciplines, is not sufficient. Instead, the different disciplines need to be distinguished

    Higher Education Students’ Performance and its Relation with Digital Media Self-Efficacy and Socioeconomic Background

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    Research suggests a link between students’ socioeconomic background, their academic self-efficacy and their study achievement. However, although digital media are prevalent in several areas of everyday, their relevance for academic achievement have not yet been satisfactorily explored. Furthermore, whether digital media usage depends on socioeconomic background factors has not yet been sufficiently investigated in this context. In consequence, it is unknown whether existing inequalities in higher education (HE) are stable, further enhanced, or even reduced in the era of ‘digitalisation’. The present study explores the relationships between individual and socioeconomic background factors, with a special focus on academic and digital media self-efficacy. Data were collected at four German universities in summer 2018 (n = 2039). The results of structural equation models indicate that digital-media self-efficacy is related to students‘ academic performance while it is not related to students’ socioeconomic backgrounds. In contrast, academic self-efficacy is related to both. Overall, this study contributes to the literature on students’ study behaviour in the digital era by examining students’ digital media behaviour as well as their (media-related) self-efficacy
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