SER JOVEN RASTA EN CUBA: un camino entre etiquetas e identidades raciales

SENDO UM JOVEM RASTA EM CUBA:um caminho entre rótulos e identidades raciais BEING YOUNG RASTA IN CUBA:a road between labels and racial identitiesResumenEl presente artículo revisita algunos resultados obtenidos en 2016, en el marco de una investigación sobre la Identidad cultural Rastafari en jóvenes rastas cubanos. Proponemos nuevas lecturas al tema a partir de dos ejes de análisis: los procesos culturales e identitarios en diálogo con lo racial y los procesos de criminalización de la población negra, sus efectos y diferentes formas de expresión. De esta manera, la propuesta apunta a distinguir cómo se articulan los procesos culturales y el fortalecimiento de identidades raciales con problemáticas y experiencias de discriminación racial, el racismo, la marginación y la criminalización de las personas negras. En este caso la mirada hacia la cultura Rastafari y los procesos identitarios que se generan de ella, permiten dialogar con categorías centrales como la identidad racial y la resistencia cultural, quienes estructuran otras formas de ser y participar como jóvenes negros en contextos racializados.Palabras clave: Rastafari, jóvenes, identidad racial, racismo, criminalización ResumoEste artigo analisa alguns resultados obtidos em 2016, no âmbito de uma investigação sobre a identidade cultural rastafari em jovens dreadlocks cubanos. Propomos novas leituras ao tema a partir de dois eixos de análise: processos culturais e identitários em diálogo com o racial e os processos de criminalização da população negra, os seus efeitos e diferentes formas de expressão. Desta forma, a proposta visa distinguir a forma como os processos culturais são articulados e o reforço das identidades raciais com problemas e experiências de discriminação racial, racismo, marginalização e criminalização dos negros. Neste caso, o olhar sobre a cultura Rastafari e os processos identitários que dela são gerados permitem o diálogo com categorias centrais como a identidade racial e a resistência cultural, que estruturam outras formas de ser e de participar como jovens negros em contextos racializados.Palavras-chave: Rastafari, juventude, identidade racial, racismo, criminalização Abstract This article revisits some results obtained in 2016, within the framework of an investigation on the Rastafari cultural Identity in young Cuban Rastas. We propose new readings of the subject from two axes of analysis: cultural and identity processes in dialogue with the racial and the processes of criminalization of the black population, its effects and different forms of expression. In this way, the proposal aims to distinguish how cultural processes and the strengthening of racial identities are articulated with problems and experiences of racial discrimination, racism, marginalization and criminalization of black people. In this case, the look towards the Rastafari culture and the identity processes that are generated from it, allow dialogue with central categories such as racial identity and cultural resistance, who structure other ways of being and participating as young blacks in racialized contexts.Keywords: Rastafari, youth, racial identity, racism, criminalizatio

Auriculopuntura como tratamiento de la ansiedad para la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo

Introduction: auriculotherapy is a therapeutic modality of the Natural and Traditional Medicine having several treatment applications. Objective: to demonstrate the effectiveness of auriculotherapy to alleviate anxiety in abortion. Material and method: a descriptive, prospective and longitudinal study was conducted on obstetric and gynecology service at Abel Santamaría Cuadrado university hospital from July to August 2013. The target group was comprised of all patients (N=325) attending pre-operative office to an abortion, the sample was comprised of the total of patients attending the office (n=53). Results: the majority of patients belonged to women in fertile age, 96% suffered a high level of anxiety before the procedure, after the treatment only 6% showed low levels of anxiety (-30 points), mild or high levels were not found. Conclusions: auriculotherapy is a secure, inexpensive and easy technique, and the diagram of points chosen was effective in treating anxiety for patients undergoing abortion.Introducción: la auriculoterapia es una modalidad terapéutica de la Medicina Tradicional y Natural con disímiles aplicaciones de tratamiento. Objetivo: demostrar la efectividad de la auriculoterapia para disminuir la ansiedad en la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo. Material y método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y longitudinal en el servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología del Hospital General Docente "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" en el período comprendido entre julio-agosto del 2013. El universo estuvo constituido por todas las pacientes (N=352) que acudieron a la consulta preoperatoria para la realización de interrupción voluntaria del embarazo y se adoptó como muestra, las pacientes que acudieron a dicha consulta n=53. Resultados: la mayoría de las pacientes corresponden al grupo de la edad fértil de las féminas, el 96% se encontraban con un nivel alto de ansiedad antes del proceder, posterior a este se solamente un 6% de las pacientes mostró tener niveles bajos de ansiedad (-30 puntos), no encontrándose niveles medios ni altos. Conclusiones: la auriculoterapia es una técnica segura; económica y sencilla y el esquema de puntos seleccionados fue efectivo para el tratamiento de la ansiedad en pacientes sometidas a legrado uterino como método de interrupción voluntaria del embarazo

Auriculopuntura como tratamiento de la ansiedad para la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo

Introduction: auriculotherapy is a therapeutic modality of the Natural and Traditional Medicine having several treatment applications. Objective: to demonstrate the effectiveness of auriculotherapy to alleviate anxiety in abortion. Material and method: a descriptive, prospective and longitudinal study was conducted on obstetric and gynecology service at Abel Santamaría Cuadrado university hospital from July to August 2013. The target group was comprised of all patients (N=325) attending pre-operative office to an abortion, the sample was comprised of the total of patients attending the office (n=53). Results: the majority of patients belonged to women in fertile age, 96% suffered a high level of anxiety before the procedure, after the treatment only 6% showed low levels of anxiety (-30 points), mild or high levels were not found. Conclusions: auriculotherapy is a secure, inexpensive and easy technique, and the diagram of points chosen was effective in treating anxiety for patients undergoing abortion.Introducción: la auriculoterapia es una modalidad terapéutica de la Medicina Tradicional y Natural con disímiles aplicaciones de tratamiento. Objetivo: demostrar la efectividad de la auriculoterapia para disminuir la ansiedad en la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo. Material y método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y longitudinal en el servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología del Hospital General Docente "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" en el período comprendido entre julio-agosto del 2013. El universo estuvo constituido por todas las pacientes (N=352) que acudieron a la consulta preoperatoria para la realización de interrupción voluntaria del embarazo y se adoptó como muestra, las pacientes que acudieron a dicha consulta n=53. Resultados: la mayoría de las pacientes corresponden al grupo de la edad fértil de las féminas, el 96% se encontraban con un nivel alto de ansiedad antes del proceder, posterior a este se solamente un 6% de las pacientes mostró tener niveles bajos de ansiedad (-30 puntos), no encontrándose niveles medios ni altos. Conclusiones: la auriculoterapia es una técnica segura; económica y sencilla y el esquema de puntos seleccionados fue efectivo para el tratamiento de la ansiedad en pacientes sometidas a legrado uterino como método de interrupción voluntaria del embarazo

Personal Phone Calls Lead to Decreased Rates of Missed Appointments in an Adolescent/Young Adult Practice.

INTRODUCTION: Nationally, hospital practice missed appointment rates are high. Our goal was to reduce the rate of missed appointments in an Adolescent/Young Adult Practice through quality improvement methods. METHODS: During the 12-month intervention period, administrative staff called patients the day before their primary or specialty care appointments to remind them of the date, time, and location, as well as patients who did not attend their appointments to ask about the reason for their missed appointment. We implemented Plan-Do-Study-Act interventions and analyzed data to compare missed appointment rates between the 12 months before and after February 1, 2017, the project intervention date. RESULTS: Results showed significant reductions in the missed appointment rate for the Adolescent/Young Adult Practice. A control chart showed a shift in the mean overall percent of completed appointments from 76.7% to 79.2%. The most common reasons for missed appointments included forgetting (39.2%), conflicts with work/school (11.0%), or emailing the provider without contacting administrative staff (7.8%). There were significant reductions in missed appointment rates for both males and females as well as patients who were ?20 years old, identified English or Spanish as their primary language, had public or private insurance, identified as Black or Hispanic, or did or did not require an interpreter. CONCLUSION: These data show that targeted interventions such as personalized reminder calls can be effective in reducing patient missed appointment rates in Adolescent/Young Adult Practices

Detection, quantification and genetic variability of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from apparently healthy and pneumonic swine

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the causative agent of the Porcine Enzootic Pneumonia. However, this mycoplasma can be detected in healthy and symptomatic pigs, that difficults the conclusion for the etiology of this disease. In the present study we aimed to detect, quantify and do molecular analyses of M. hyopneumoniae strains in respiratory clinical samples recovered from healthy pigs and from those with pneumonia or other respiratory symptoms. The analytical sensitivity and specificity of PCR assays directed to Mollicutes detection and porcine mycoplasmas identification in clinical samples were evaluated. The identification of M. hyopneumoniae in the samples was performed using different molecular approaches, Multiplex PCR, Real Time PCR and Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat amplification. Molecular characterization of the strains was achieved by determining and comparing the VNTR copy number directly in the samples. The highest number of samples positive to M. hyopneumoniae was identified by the multilocus VNTR amplification assay using labeled primers, followed by capillary electrophoresis. The highest concentration of M. hyopneumoniae was detected in pneumonic lungs (2, 3 * 108 genome copies /mL). The VNTR copy number analysis demonstrated that despite the high genetic variability of the M. hyopneumoniae strains, predominant strains in the swine farms could be identified by means of the VNTR copy number analysis of P97R1 and P146R3. (English)Molecular differences among Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strains present in pneumonic lungs of swine have been largely studied. However, no comparative studies concerning the strains present in apparently healthy pigs have been carried out. This study aimed to detect, quantify and perform molecular analysis of M. hyopneumoniae strains in pig lungs with and without pneumonic lesions. The detection of M. hyopneumoniae was performed using multiplex PCR (YAMAGUTI, 2008), real-time PCR (STRAIT et al., 2008) and multiple VNTR amplification (VRANCKX et al., 2011). Molecular characterization of the strains was achieved by analysis of the VNTR copy number in P97R1, P146R3, H2R1 and H4. M. hyopneumoniae was detected in samples from healthy and pneumonic pigs and the amount of M. hyopneumoniae positive samples detected varied with the type of assay. The greater number of positive samples was identified by the multiple VNTR amplification combined with capillary electrophoresis. Using real-time PCR, 4.9*104 M. hyopneumoniae genome copies/mL was detected in apparently healthy lungs. A mean quantity of 3.9*106 M. hyopneumoniae genome copies/mL was detected in pneumonic lungs. The analysis of VNTR copy number demonstrated a high genetic variability of the M. hyopneumoniae strains present in apparently healthy and pneumonic lungs. Strains having 3 VNTR copy number in P97R1, were detected only in pneumonic lungs and strains having 40 and 43 VNTR copy number in P146R3 were detected only in apparently healthy lungs. Despite the genetic variability of M. hyopneumoniae, predominant strains in the swine farms could be identified.As diferenças moleculares entre as estirpes de Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae presentes em pulmões de suínos com pneumonia tem sido estudadas. Porém, estudos comparativos relativos as estirpes presentes nos suínos aparentemente saudáveis não foram levados a cabo. O objetivo do estudo foi a detecção, quantificação e analise molecular de M. hyopneumoniae nos pulmões suínos com e sem lesões pneumônicas. Para a detecção de M. hyopneumoniae usaramse o PCR Multiplo (YAMAGUTI, 2008), o PCR a Tempo Real (STRAIT et al., 2008) e a amplificação de múltiplo VNTR (VRANCKX et al., 2011). A caracterização molecular das estirpes foi realizada mediante a análise do número de copias de VNTR em P97R1, P146R3, H2R1 e H4. O M. hyopneumoniae foi detectado em amostras de suínos saudáveis e pneumônicos e a quantidade de M. hyopneumoniae nas amostras positivas variou com o tipo de ensaio. O maior número de amostras positivas foi identificado pela amplificação de múltiplas VNTR combinado com a eletroforese de capilares. Usando o PCR a Tempo Real, 4.9*104 copias de genoma/mL de M. hyopneumoniae foram detectadas em pulmões aparentemente saudáveis. Uma quantidade média de 3.9*106 copias de genoma/mL de M. hyopneumoniae foi detectada em pulmões pneumônicos. A análise do número de copias de VNTR demonstrou uma elevada variabilidade

Maternal and offspring intelligence in relation to BMI across childhood and adolescence

Objective: The present study tested the association between both mothers’ and offspring’s intelligence and offspring’s body mass index (BMI) in youth. Method: Participants were members of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY-79) Children and Young Adults cohort (n = 11,512) and their biological mothers who were members of the NLSY-79 (n = 4932). Offspring’s IQ was measured with the Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT). Mothers’ IQ was measured with the Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT). A series of regression analyses tested the association between IQ and offspring’s BMI by age group, while adjusting for pre-pregnancy BMI and family SES. The analyses were stratified by sex and ethnicity (non-Black and non-Hispanic, Black, and Hispanic). Results: The following associations were observed in the fully adjusted analyses. For the non-Blacks and non-Hispanics, a SD increment in mothers’ IQ was negatively associated with daughters’ BMI across all age-groups, ranging from β = −0.12 (95% CI −0.22 to −0.02, p = 0.021) in late childhood, to β = −0.17 (95% C.I. −0.27 to −0.07, p = 0001), in early adolescence and a SD increment in boys’ IQ was positively associated with their BMI in early adolescence β = 0.09 (95% CI 0.01–0.18, p = 0.031). For Blacks, there was a non-linear relationship between mothers’ IQ and daughters’ BMI across childhood and between girls’ IQ and BMI across adolescence. There was a positive association between mothers’ IQ and sons’ BMI in early adolescence (β = 0.17, 95% CI 0.02–0.32, p = 0.030). For Hispanic boys, there was a positive IQ-BMI association in late childhood (β = 0.19, 95% CI 0.05–0.33, p = 0.008) and early adolescence (β = 0.17, 95% CI 0.04–0.31, p = 0.014). Conclusion: Mothers’ IQ and offspring’s IQ were associated with offspring’s BMI. The relationships varied in direction and strength across ethnicity, age group and sex. Obesity interventions may benefit from acknowledging the heterogeneous influence that intelligence has on childhood BMI