Vinculação da Mulher como Preditor da Dor Durante o Parto e Após o Nascimento: um Estudo Observacional Prospectivo

INTRODUCTION: Labour is considered to be one of the most painful and significant experiences in a woman's life. The aim of this study was to examine whether women's attachment style is a predictor of the pain experienced throughout labour and post-delivery. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Thirty-two pregnant women were assessed during the third trimester of pregnancy and during labour. Adult attachment was assessed with the Adult Attachment Scale ' Revised. The perceived intensity of labour pain was measured using a visual analogue scale for pain in the early stage of labour, throughout labour and post-delivery. RESULTS:Women with an insecure attachment style reported more pain at 3 cm of cervical dilatation (p < 0.05), before the administration of analgesia (p < 0.01) and post-delivery (p < 0.05) than those securely attached. In multivariate models, attachment style was a significant predictor of labour pain at 3 cm of cervical dilatation and before the first administration of analgesia but not of the perceived pain post-delivery. DISCUSSION: These findings confirm that labour pain is influenced by relevant psychological factors and suggest that a woman's attachment style may be a risk factor for greater pain during labour. CONCLUSION:Future studies in the context of obstetric pain may consider the attachment style as an indicator of individual differences in the pain response during labour. This may have important implications in anaesthesiology and to promote a relevant shift in institutional practices and therapeutic procedures

Solubilidade e disponibilidade de nitrogênio a partir de fertilizantes minerais e fertilizantes formulados com biocarvão.

Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram avaliar a solubilidade do N em água e a disponibilidade no solo a partir de fertilizantes nitrogenados formulados com biocarvão (BC) e ureia ou sulfato de amônio. A solubilidade de N em água foi avaliada em cinco extrações a partir de massa conhecida de fertilizante e a disponibilidade do N foi avaliada em colunas de solo e fertilizante, lixiviadas semanalmente durante oito semanas. Os fertilizantes formulados com BC e ureia apresentaram menores velocidades de solubilização e disponibilização do N, quando comparados com os formulados de BC e sulfato de amônio. Em ambos os casos, porém, os formulados com BC mostraram potencial como fertilizante nitrogenado de liberação lenta e presumível eficiência aumentada, comparativamente às fontes convencionais ureia e sulfato de amônio. A velocidade de solubilização do N dos formulados de BC e ureia foram três a quatro vezes menores em comparação com a ureia convencional, enquanto a velocidade de disponibilização do N no solo foi duas a quatro vezes inferior ao observado para a mesma fonte convencional citada

Sex- and age-related differences in the management and outcomes of chronic heart failure: an analysis of patients from the ESC HFA EORP Heart Failure Long-Term Registry

Aims: This study aimed to assess age- and sex-related differences in management and 1-year risk for all-cause mortality and hospitalization in chronic heart failure (HF) patients. Methods and results: Of 16 354 patients included in the European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Long-Term Registry, 9428 chronic HF patients were analysed [median age: 66 years; 28.5% women; mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 37%]. Rates of use of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) were high (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists: 85.7%, 88.7% and 58.8%, respectively). Crude GDMT utilization rates were lower in women than in men (all differences: P\ua0 64 0.001), and GDMT use became lower with ageing in both sexes, at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. Sex was not an independent predictor of GDMT prescription; however, age >75 years was a significant predictor of GDMT underutilization. Rates of all-cause mortality were lower in women than in men (7.1% vs. 8.7%; P\ua0=\ua00.015), as were rates of all-cause hospitalization (21.9% vs. 27.3%; P\ua075 years. Conclusions: There was a decline in GDMT use with advanced age in both sexes. Sex was not an independent predictor of GDMT or adverse outcomes. However, age >75 years independently predicted lower GDMT use and higher all-cause mortality in patients with LVEF 6445%

7th Drug hypersensitivity meeting: part two

No abstract availabl

Ammonia volatilization from nitrogen fertilizer formulated with biochar.

Ammonia (NH3) volatilization results in low N use efficiency by crops. The aim of this study were to evaluate NH3 volatilization from nitrogen fertilizer formulated (F) with biochar (BC). In a incubation experiment the fertilizers were applied to soil surface. NH3 volatilized was captured by H2SO4 solution. BC used in the production of fertilizers is from eucalyptus (charcoal fines). Two types of formulated fertilizers were tested: granulated (F6 and F8; mixture of BC, urea and additives) and coated granulated fertilizers (F17 and F19; coating of urea granule with BC, acidified or not, and additives). Treatments tested were: 1) blank; 2) control; 3) soil + urea; 4) soil + F6 (10% N, 51% BC); 5) soil + F8 (20% N, 29% BC); 6) soil + F17 (20% N, 29% BC) and 7) soil + F19 (32% N, 20% BC). Granulated fertilizers (F6 and F8) and F17 coated fertilizer volatilized lower amounts of NH3 than urea, indicating greater efficiency when applied to the surface. In the case of F17, where the BC was previously acidified prior covering urea granule, acidification must have influenced the reduction of NH3 losses. In total urea volatilized 71% of N applied while F6 and F8 showed losses of 60% and 66%, respectively. F8 was produced with 20% N and 29% BC, while F6 with the lowest NH3 loss had 10% N and 51% BC. Proportion of BC in the fertilizer and the BC/N ratio appear as important in reducing N loss by NH3 volatilization. F19 showed worse performance than urea, volatilizing 80% of the applied N. However, F17 which was coated with previously acidified BC, presented lower volatilization (64%) compared to F19 and urea. In the equations of first-order chemical kinetics model describing the urea NH3 volatilization process of BC granulated and BC-coated fertilizers, it was found that the lowest N0 values (indicates the stabilization value of the volatilization process) belong to F6 and F8 (@64%), 12% lower than urea (N0=73%). It was observed that the highest value of N0 was of F19 (84%), confirming the BC alkalinity effect (pH@ 7.7) favoring N losses when fertilizer production technology was the coating of urea granule with BC without prior acidification. F6 and F8 tested in this study demonstrated potential to be applied in top dressing fertilization, due to lower volatilization rates, providing lower risk of N losses due to volatilization of NH3. Granulated F6 and coated F17 provided reductions between 10 and 15% for NH3 losses compared to urea

Gene expression of peripheral blood lymphocytes may discriminate patients with schizophrenia from controls

To identify a classifier in schizophrenia, blood gene expression profiling was applied to patients with schizophrenia under different treatments and to controls. Expression of six genes discriminated patients with sensitivity of 89.3% and specificity of 90%, supporting the use of peripheral blood as biological material for diagnosis in schizophrenia.We thank Biobank of A.C. Camargo Hospital for RNA extraction of the samples. We also thank the Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia/FEDER (Portugal) grant POCI/SAU-ESP/58757/2004, the GRICES/CAPES International Collaborative Program (Portugal, Brazil) and the FIPE- HCPA for financial support

A Set of miRNAs, Their Gene and Protein Targets and Stromal Genes Distinguish Early from Late Onset ER Positive Breast Cancer.

UNLABELLED:Breast cancer (BC) in young adult patients (YA) has a more aggressive biological behavior and is associated with a worse prognosis than BC arising in middle aged patients (MA). We proposed that differentially expressed miRNAs could regulate genes and proteins underlying aggressive phenotypes of breast tumors in YA patients when compared to those arising in MA patients. OBJECTIVE:Using integrated expression analyses of miRs, their mRNA and protein targets and stromal gene expression, we aimed to identify differentially expressed profiles between tumors from YA-BC and MA-BC. METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS:Samples of ER+ invasive ductal breast carcinomas, divided into two groups: YA-BC (35 years or less) or MA-BC (50-65 years) were evaluated. Screening for BRCA1/2 status according to the BOADICEA program indicated low risk of patients being carriers of these mutations. Aggressive characteristics were more evident in YA-BC versus MA-BC. Performing qPCR, we identified eight miRs differentially expressed (miR-9, 18b, 33b, 106a, 106b, 210, 518a-3p and miR-372) between YA-BC and MA-BC tumors with high confidence statement, which were associated with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics. The expression profiles by microarray identified 602 predicted target genes associated to proliferation, cell cycle and development biological functions. Performing RPPA, 24 target proteins differed between both groups and 21 were interconnected within a network protein-protein interactions associated with proliferation, development and metabolism pathways over represented in YA-BC. Combination of eight mRNA targets or the combination of eight target proteins defined indicators able to classify individual samples into YA-BC or MA-BC groups. Fibroblast-enriched stroma expression profile analysis resulted in 308 stromal genes differentially expressed between YA-BC and MA-BC. CONCLUSION:We defined a set of differentially expressed miRNAs, their mRNAs and protein targets and stromal genes that distinguish early onset from late onset ER positive breast cancers which may be involved with tumor aggressiveness of YA-BC

Protein-protein interaction and miRs network.

<p>This network represent over and under expression miRs (not fulfilled and fulfilled triangle respectively) in the YA-BC tumors interacting with their protein targets (circles). The inversely or coordinately regulation of proteins by miRs were represented by red or black edges respectively. The strong, or less strong protein-protein interactions based on databases, were represented by thicker or thinner blue edges respectively.</p

Clinicopathological characteristics of tumors in YA-BC versus MA-BC groups.

<p>Clinicopathological characteristics of tumors in YA-BC versus MA-BC groups.</p