Peer-led alcohol intervention for college students: A pilot randomized controlled trial

This study aims to assess the preliminary efficacy and feasibility of a brief, peer-led alcohol intervention to reduce alcohol consumption in binge-drinking Spanish nursing students. A pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted with 50 first-year nursing students who were randomly assigned either a 50-min peer-led motivational intervention with individual feedback or a control condition. Primary outcomes for testing the preliminary efficacy were alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences. Quantitative and content analyses of open-ended survey questions were performed. Participants in the intervention condition significantly reduced binge-drinking episodes, peak blood alcohol content, and consequences compared to the control group. Principal facilitators were completing the questionnaire during the academic schedule and providing tailored feedback through a graphic report. The main barrier was the unreliability of students' initial commitment. The findings suggest that a brief motivational intervention could be effective for reducing alcohol consumption and alcohol-related consequences in Spanish college students. Peer counselors and participants reported high satisfaction, indicating that the intervention is feasible. However, a full trial should be conducted taking into account the identified barriers and facilitators

Peer-led BASICS intervention to reduce alcohol consumption and alcohol-related consequences among university students: a randomized controlled trial

IntroductionAlcohol consumption is the main substance abused during university and is associated with physical, legal, emotional, social, and cognitive consequences. The peer-led BASICS intervention has been shown to be effective in decreasing the quantity and frequency of drinking, the estimated peak blood alcohol concentration (BAC), and the number of binge drinking episodes among this population.ObjectiveThis study evaluated the effectiveness of the peer-led BASICS intervention to reduce risky alcohol consumption among university students in the Spanish context.Materials and methodsA two-arm randomized controlled trial in a university in northern Spain including 308 first- and second-year university students recruited between October 2022 to March 2023. The intervention was a 30-min in-person peer-led motivational interview. Participants were assessed at baseline and 1-month postintervention. The primary outcome was the quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption during a typical week. The intervention effect was verified using a mixed factorial ANOVA model.ResultsCompared with students in the control group, students who received the intervention reduced the number of drinks per week by 5.7 (95% CI 5.54, 5.86); the number of drinks consumed in a typical weekend by 5.2 (95% CI 5.07, 5.33); the number of drinks consumed on the occasion of greatest consumption by 4.9 (95% CI 4.78, 5.02); the number of binge drinking episodes by 1.4 (95% CI 1.37, 1.43); the peak BAC on a typical week and on the occasion of greatest consumption decreased by 0.06 (95% CI 0.058, 0.062) and 0.09 (95% CI 0.088, 0.092); the number of alcohol-related consequences by 5.8 (95% CI 5.67, 5.93); and the motivation to change their alcohol use increased by −0.8 (95% CI −0.85, −0.75).ConclusionThe peer-led BASICS intervention is effective in changing alcohol consumption and its related consequences among Spanish university students in the short term. The action of nursing students as counselors positively impacted drinking patterns among their peers.Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05639374?intr=Effectiveness%20of%20a%20Peer-led%20Program%20to%20Prevent%20Alcohol%20Consumption&rank=1&page=1&limit=10, identifier: NCT05639374

Effectiveness of web-based personalised feedback interventions for reducing alcohol consumption among university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Issues: Meta-analysis was conducted to examine standalone web-based persona-lised feedback interventions (PFI) delivered in non-structured settings for reducing university students' alcohol consumption. Subgroup analyses by gender-focus, type-of-content and accessibility were conducted. Characteristics of the sample, the intervention and study quality were examined as moderators. Approach: Ten databases were searched from 2000 to 2023. Eligible articles involved only randomised controlled trials. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the effect size on weekly alcohol consumption comparing web-PFIs and non-active controls. Meta-regressions were applied to explore effect moderators. Key Findings: Thirty-one studies were included in the narrative synthesis, 25 of which were meta-analysed. Results found significant effect size differences on weekly alcohol consumption in favour of the intervention group in the short-(SMD = 0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.06, 0.15) and long-term period (SMD = 0.09, 95% CI 0.02, 0.15). Subgroup analyses identified that interventions which were gender-specific, multicomponent and had unlimited access had higher and significant effect sizes, although they were very similar with respect to comparative groups. Moderator analyses showed that times feedback was accessed significantly contributed to the effectiveness of the intervention. Effects diminished over time, although they remained significant. Implications: The meta-analysis evidences the effectiveness of web-PFI for addressing university students' alcohol use, decreasing by 1.65 and 1.54 drinks consumed per week in the short-and long-term, respectively. Conclusions: The results offer empirical evidence that supports the significant, although small, effect of web-PFI delivered remotely in universities. Futur

Training nursing students in motivational interviewing for alcohol misuse: a mixed method study

Background: Motivational interviewing led by nurses has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing alcohol consumption among university students. However, most of these professionals feel that they lack the competence necessary for motivational interviewing due to a lack of formal training in the nursing curriculum. Objectives: To design, implement and evaluate a motivational interviewing training course for alcohol misuse in an undergraduate nursing curriculum and to explore students' experiences with this course. Design: A mixed-methods study involving a descriptive comparative quantitative design and qualitative focus group interviews with nursing students. Settings: An elective nursing course in a Spanish university. Participants: A total of 21 fourth-year nursing students. Methods: The course was developed as a twelve-week, two-hour course. It comprised three modules covering the concepts, tools and skills associated with motivational interviewing for alcohol misuse. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected after the completion of the course to evaluate the training received by students; these data were categorized using Kirkpatrick's model. The quantitative results included students' satisfaction, knowledge, skills and attitudes, which were measured using an ad hoc questionnaire, a multiple-choice exam, and two rater-based assessments (the Peer Proficiency Assessment instrument and an evidence-based checklist). Qualitative focus groups were used to explore students' experiences of the entire programme. Results: Students' satisfaction with the course was rated 9 out of 10, highlighting the usefulness and adequacy of the course content. The quantitative and qualitative results both indicated that all students acquired the knowledge necessary to perform motivational interviewing and significantly improved their motivational interviewing microskills. Only half of the students reached the level of proficiency in two of the three ratios calculated. The three main themes identified pertained to the learning atmosphere, module methodologies, and students' self-perceptions of competence. Finally, the students reported having transferred their learning to clinical practice. Conclusion: A course on motivational interviewing for alcohol misuse positively influences nursing students both personally and in terms of their future professional work by improving their knowledge, skills, attitudes and self-perceived competence

Knowledge, attitudes, behavioral and organizational factors of health professions students for a competent smoking cessation practice: An instrument adaptation and psychometric validation study in Spanish and English samples

Background: To improve smoking cessation, training of health professions students is essential. However, no specific instrument is available to assess factors that may affect students' learning about smoking cessation practice. Aim: To adapt and validate the Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviors and Organization questionnaire in the population of undergraduate health professions students. Design: Methodological research. Methods: The researchers conducted this study with 511 Spanish and 186 English health professions students from four different universities. We used a four-step approach: 1) adaptation of the items to the target population and validation of the content by a panel of experts; 2) a pilot study to test face validity; 3) linguistic adaptation of the Spanish version to English; and 4) the psychometric assessment based on construct validity, criterion validity and internal consistency. Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed four subscales for the Spanish version, namely ‘Individual knowledge and skills’, ‘Individual attitudes and beliefs’, ‘Organizational support’ and ‘Organizational resources’, which accounted for 85.1% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis in the holdout Spanish and English samples revealed adequate goodness-of-fit values, supporting the factor structure. Hypotheses testing demonstrated significant differences by capacitation in smoking cessation interventions and degree courses, providing further evidence regarding construct validity. All the subscales correlated positively with the criterion variables (5 A’s smoking cessation model), except for the ‘Organizational resources’ subscale, which was not significantly correlated with the 5 A's. The overall Cronbach’s alpha was.83 for the Spanish version and.88 for the English one. Conclusions: Our results provide empirical support for the use of the Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviors and Organization questionnaire for Students as a reliable and valid instrument to assess knowledge, attitudes, behaviors and organization perceptions in health professions students, which is essential for competent smoking cessation practice. Interestingly, ‘Organizational resources’ subscale presented the lowest correlations among factors and did not correlate with any component of the 5 A's, suggesting the need of enhancing students' responsibility and involvement during their internships, as well as the interest of some organizations

Seminario búsqueda bibliográfica

El objetivo de estas diapositivas es presentar de manera detallada todos los pasos fundamentales para la elaboración de una estrategia de búsqueda en la principal base de datos en Ciencias de la salud: PubMed. Se incluyen tres ejemplos de preguntas de investigación con los modelos PS, PIS y PICO. También se explica cómo se describe científicamente una estrategia de búsqueda en un trabajo académico/científico a través de un ejemplo

Métodos de citación y referenciación de fuentes bibliográficas

El objetivo de estas diapositivas es presentar los conceptos básicos sobre citación y referenciación, y guiar en cómo se cita y se referencia con los estilos Vancouver y APA 7ªedición. A lo largo del documento se incluyen diversos ejemplos que faciliten el aprendizaje

Seminario búsqueda bibliográfica

El objetivo de estas diapositivas es presentar de manera detallada todos los pasos fundamentales para la elaboración de una estrategia de búsqueda en la principal base de datos en Ciencias de la salud: PubMed. Se incluyen tres ejemplos de preguntas de investigación con los modelos PS, PIS y PICO. También se explica cómo se describe científicamente una estrategia de búsqueda en un trabajo académico/científico a través de un ejemplo

Necesidades de los familiares de un paciente terminal institucionalizado en un centro geriátrico: caso clínico

Los cuidados al final de la vida se ofrecen en una variedad de contextos en todo el mundo, incluyendo los centros residenciales. El objetivo de este trabajo es profundizar en las necesidades de la familia de un paciente terminal institucionalizado en un centro residencial. Para ello, se presenta un caso clínico que, junto con la evidencia científica, nos ayuda a determinar cuáles son las necesidades de la familia en este momento. El análisis del caso se estructura en cuatro subtemas: necesidad de contacto y comunicación entre la familia y los profesionales sanitarios, necesidad de presencia médica, necesidad de presencia enfermera y necesidades emocionales y sociales. Este trabajo evidencia la importancia de desarrollar, por parte del profesional de enfermería, un plan de identificación y atención de las necesidades familiares. Este enfoque familiar permitirá proporcionar una asistencia de mayor calidad, que derivará en una mejora de la salud de los miembros de la familia