Expressed emotion as an assessment of family environment with mothers and fathers of 1-year-old children.

Background: High levels of expressed emotion (EE) in parents have been found to put children at risk for emotional and behavioural problems. However, the majority of existing studies have focused on mothers of school-aged children and adolescents rather than younger children, and have only rarely included fathers. Methods: The present study examined the reliability of EE in mothers and fathers of 1-year old children. It also investigated whether depression and marital problems in the postnatal period predicted EE toward the child at 12 months. EE was assessed with the Preschool Five Minute Speech Sample in 163 families. Results: The rater-interrater and code-recode reliability was high for most EE dimensions. Mothers and fathers were found to display quite similar EE scores. Regression analyses showed that depression and couple relationship significantly predicted EE in mothers, but not fathers. Conclusions: The findings suggest that EE provides a reliable and useful assessment of the family environment in families of young children. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons Ltd

Greek mothers' perceptions of their cooperation with the obstetrician and the midwife in the delivery room

Α Ι Μ : The objective of this study was to access the perceptions of mothers of newborns regarding their cooperationwith the midwife and the obstetrician in the delivery room.M A T E R I A L - M E T H O D : The sample consisted of 607 mothers living in Northern Greece. The KuopioInstrument for Mothers (KIM) was used for the data collection.R E S U L T S : All the participants gave birth in a hospital; 403 (66.4%) had vaginal delivery, while 204 (33.6%)gave birth by caesarean section. Women with a vaginal delivery had a better cooperation with the midwife and theobstetrician, in comparison to women who gave birth via caesarean section. The participant mothers had a morepositive experience from their cooperation with the obstetrician than with the midwife.C O N C L U S I O N S : The mothers’ preference for obstetrician’s care than for midwife’s care is probably due tothe commercialisation of gynaecology/obstetrics in Greece, the dramatic increase in the number of obstetriciansover the past decade, and the fact that deliveries carried out solely by midwives have almost disappeared in thecountry. Health policy makers should reinforce the current provision of maternity services and support midwivesto take a more central role during pregnancy, labour, and the postnatal period

Is prolonged infusion of piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem in critically ill patients associated with improved pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic and patient outcomes? An observation from the Defining Antibiotic Levels in Intensive care unit patients (DALI) cohort

Objectives:We utilized the database of the Defining Antibiotic Levels in Intensive care unit patients (DALI) study to statistically compare the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic and clinical outcomes between prolonged-infusion and intermittent-bolus dosing of piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem in critically ill patients using inclusion criteria similar to those used in previous prospective studies.Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of a prospective, multicentre pharmacokinetic point-prevalence study (DALI), which recruited a large cohort of critically ill patients from 68 ICUs across 10 countries.Results: Of the 211 patients receiving piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem in the DALI study, 182 met inclusion criteria. Overall, 89.0% (162/182) of patients achieved the most conservative target of 50% fT(> MIC) (time over which unbound or free drug concentration remains above the MIC). Decreasing creatinine clearance and the use of prolonged infusion significantly increased the PTA for most pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic targets. In the subgroup of patients who had respiratory infection, patients receiving beta-lactams via prolonged infusion demonstrated significantly better 30 day survival when compared with intermittent-bolus patients [86.2% (25/29) versus 56.7% (17/30); P=0.012]. Additionally, in patients with a SOFA score of >= 9, administration by prolonged infusion compared with intermittent-bolus dosing demonstrated significantly better clinical cure [73.3% (11/15) versus 35.0% (7/20); P=0.035] and survival rates [73.3% (11/15) versus 25.0% (5/20); P=0.025].Conclusions: Analysis of this large dataset has provided additional data on the niche benefits of administration of piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem by prolonged infusion in critically ill patients, particularly for patients with respiratory infections

Iatrogenic liver trauma managed with mesh-wrapping and ligation of portal vein branch: A case report

Introduction: Liver trauma is a critical condition that requires swift multidisciplinary approach. In complex hepatic injuries perihepatic packing is an established life-saving procedure. The aim of this study is to evaluate and highlight the value of absorbable mesh wrapping of the injured liver, combined with ipsilateral ligation of portal vein branch. Case presentation: An 82-year-old patient underwent an open cholocystectomy, for gallbladder empyema. The second postoperative day he was re-operated on due to active hemorrhage. The bleeding was controlled by suturing the bed of the gallbladder fossa. During this maneuver a portal vein branch was torn resulting in a rapidly expanding subcapsular liver hematoma which led to the formation of two deep lacerations on the liver parenchyma. This life-threatening condition was treated by wrapping an absorbable mesh around the right liver lobe and subsequently ligating the right portal vein branch extrahepaticaly. Conclusion: Mesh wrapping of the fragmented liver with absorbable mesh constitutes a safe and effective method, in treating grade IV and V liver injuries, especially when combined with ipsilateral ligation of the bleeding vessel. © 2011 Surgical Associates Ltd

Paternal depression: an examination of its links with father, child and family functioning in the postnatal period.

BACKGROUND: Maternal depression is common and is known to affect both maternal and child health. One of the mechanisms by which maternal depression exerts its effects on child health is through an increased rate of parental disharmony. Fathers also experience depression, but the impact of this on family functioning has been less studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between paternal depressive disorder and family and child functioning, in the first 3 months of a child's life. METHODS: A controlled study comparing individual and familial outcomes in fathers with (n = 54) and without diagnosed depressive disorder (n = 99). Parental couple functioning and child temperament were assessed by both paternal and maternal report. RESULTS: Depression in fathers is associated with an increased risk of disharmony in partner relationships, reported by both fathers and their partners, controlling for maternal depression. Few differences in infant's reported temperament were found in the early postnatal period. CONCLUSIONS: These findings emphasize the importance of considering the potential for men, as well as women, to experience depression in the postnatal period. Paternal symptoms hold the potential to impact upon fathers, their partners, and their children

Paternal depression: an examination of its links with father, child and family functioning in the postnatal period

Background: Maternal depression is common and is known to affect both maternal and child health. One of the mechanisms by which maternal depression exerts its effects on child health is through an increased rate of parental disharmony. Fathers also experience depression, but the impact of this on family functioning has been less studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between paternal depressive disorder and family and child functioning, in the first 3 months of a child's life. Methods: A controlled study comparing individual and familial outcomes in fathers with (n = 54) and without diagnosed depressive disorder (n = 99). Parental couple functioning and child temperament were assessed by both paternal and maternal report. Results: Depression in fathers is associated with an increased risk of disharmony in partner relationships, reported by both fathers and their partners, controlling for maternal depression. Few differences in infant's reported temperament were found in the early postnatal period. Conclusion: These findings emphasize the importance of considering the potential for men, as well as women, to experience depression in the postnatal period. Paternal symptoms hold the potential to impact upon fathers, their partners, and their children

The concept "nursing" in Greece: a focus group approach

1791-809X.The aim of the article was to explore the concept of nursing in Greece through the perceived meaning of the word nursing among nurses and nursing students and to form a definition of the term "nursing"

Paternal depression: an examination of its links with father, child and family functioning in the postnatal period.

BACKGROUND: Maternal depression is common and is known to affect both maternal and child health. One of the mechanisms by which maternal depression exerts its effects on child health is through an increased rate of parental disharmony. Fathers also experience depression, but the impact of this on family functioning has been less studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between paternal depressive disorder and family and child functioning, in the first 3 months of a child's life. METHODS: A controlled study comparing individual and familial outcomes in fathers with (n = 54) and without diagnosed depressive disorder (n = 99). Parental couple functioning and child temperament were assessed by both paternal and maternal report. RESULTS: Depression in fathers is associated with an increased risk of disharmony in partner relationships, reported by both fathers and their partners, controlling for maternal depression. Few differences in infant's reported temperament were found in the early postnatal period. CONCLUSIONS: These findings emphasize the importance of considering the potential for men, as well as women, to experience depression in the postnatal period. Paternal symptoms hold the potential to impact upon fathers, their partners, and their children