Implementation of the project for the introduction of universal primary education in the Russian province during the early twentieth century

The authors of the article suggest to consider the implementation of the project for the introduction of universal primary education in Russian Empire during the early twentieth century, using the example of Kursk provinc

Problematic shopping behavior: an item response theory examination of the seven-item bergen shopping addiction scale

There has been an increasing amount of research examining problematic shopping behavior (PSB), often referred to in the psychological literature as “compulsive buying” or “shopping addiction.” A popular scale for assessing the risk of PSB is the seven-item Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale (BSAS). To expand our knowledge of the psychometric properties of this instrument, the present study employed Item Response Theory (IRT) and differential item functioning analyses (DIF) while concurrently attempting to determine a preliminary cut-off point. A relatively large community sample completed the BSAS online (N = 968, Mage = 29.5 years, SDage = 9.36, 32.5% women). IRT analyses showed differences regarding the BSAS items’ discrimination, difficulty, and precision, with a raw score exceeding 23 (out of 28) indicating a higher risk of shopping addiction. Finally, while most BSAS items operated equally among males and females, Item 2 (mood modification) required a higher level of shopping addiction behaviors to be endorsed by males. The BSAS functions as a reliable assessment of the risk of shopping addiction, particularly between average and high levels of the trait. Clinical implications are discussed in light of these findings

The Online Flow Questionnaire: an Item Response Theory examination

Online flow refers to the rate of an individual's absorbance in an Internet activity in which they are engaged. It has been implicated with both the effectiveness of cyberhealth and online education applications, as well as excessive Internet use. One way of assessing it is the Online Flow Questionnaire (OFQ). Consequently, this study investigated the optimum measurement of online flow, as well as OFQ cutoff points, using Item Response Theory (IRT). A large sample of high school students from Greece (N = 1579, Mage = 16.12, SDage = 0.85; 50.5 percent females) completed the OFQ and the data were analyzed using IRT procedures. The analysis indicated that items in the OFQ possess differing levels of discrimination and difficulty, although all items were generally within acceptable ranges. An OFQ cutoff score of 5 represented an extremely high level of online flow experiences. The findings suggest that the OFQ generally functions as an acceptable marker of overall online flow. However, the current format of the OFQ appears to inhibit its ability to detect variability at the extreme low and high ends of the latent trait in the population assessed. Future revisions (potentially employing computerized adaptive tests) of the OFQ response format may enhance its utility

Проектирование больших переходов воздушных линий электропередачи

It is found that the voltage at the lowest points of the wire or cable sag and at the points of their suspension on the pillars in the same span, determined in accordance with the properties of a perfectly flexible filament (similar to which the wires and cables are located in the span), differ slightly, and taking the difference of the mentioned values into account is only of methodologycal importance. The article presents the results of the calculation of wire and cable sag of large spans of power transmission line of 500 m or more length using both the traditional theory of the catenary line and the theory of equal resistance, when the cross-sectional area of a wire or cable, proportional to their tension, is considered variable in the span length, which provides the same probability of breaking them at any point of the span. When calculating the wires and cables in normal and emergency conditions, the largest sags are determined, which take place either at a higher ambient temperature or at a load of the wire with ice. The wire must be mounted in such a way as to ensure the normalized permissible dimensions to crossed engineering structures, water barriers or land, that are determined depending on the nominal voltage of the line. It is noted that the values of the wire and cable sags determined using the theory of the catenary line for the transition spans are less (although slightly) as compared to the data obtained on the basis of the theory of the equal resistance circuit. This must be taken into account in the design process.Установлено, что напряжения в низших точках провеса провода или троса и в точках их подвеса на опорах в одном и том же пролете, определенные в соответствии со свойствами идеально гибкой нити (подобно которой и располагаются провода и тросы в пролете), различаются незначительно и учет разности отмеченных значений имеет лишь методическое значение. В статье представлены результаты расчета стрелы провеса провода и троса больших пролетов линии электропередачи длиной 500 м и более с использованием как традиционной теории цепной линии, так и теории цепи равного сопротивления, когда считается переменной по длине пролета площадь поперечного сечения провода или троса, пропорциональная их натяжению, при которой обеспечивается одинаковая вероятность их разрыва в любой точке пролета. При расчете проводов и тросов в нормальных и аварийных режимах определены наибольшие стрелы провеса, которые имеют место или при высшей температуре окружающего воздуха, или при нагрузке провода гололедом. Провод должен быть смонтирован так, чтобы обеспечивались нормированные допускаемые габариты до пересекаемых инженерных сооружений, водных преград или земли, устанавливаемые в зависимости от номинального напряжения линии. Отмечено, что значения стрел провеса провода и троса, определенные с использованием теории цепной линии для переходных пролетов, меньше по сравнению с данными, полученными на основе теории цепи равного сопротивления. Это необходимо учитывать в процессе проектирования

Novel Biomarkers for Coronary Restenosis Occurrence After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation in Patients With Diabetes Having Stable Coronary Artery Disease

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State industry of the USSR at the stage of its restoration

The authors of the paper propose to consider the features of the state industry development in the USSR at the stage of restoration in the mid-1920s via logical, comparative-historical, and problem-chronological methods. As a result, the general development of local industry, in comparison with the territory and number of people in national republics, is completely insignificant, and is an urgent task. The team of authors comes to the conclusion that during this period the industry was given the task of creating a united industrially developed national economic complex in the USS

Deep learning(s) in gaming disorder through the user-avatar bond: a longitudinal study using machine learning

Background and aims: Gaming disorder [GD] risk has been associated with the way gamers bond with their visual representation (i.e., avatar) in the game-world. More specifically, a gamer's relationship with their avatar has been shown to provide reliable mental health information about the user in their offline life, such as their current and prospective GD risk, if appropriately decoded. Methods: To contribute to the paucity of knowledge in this area, 565 gamers (Mage = 29.3 years; SD =10.6) were assessed twice, six months apart, using the User-Avatar-Bond Scale (UABS) and the Gaming Disorder Test. A series of tuned and untuned artificial intelligence [AI] classifiers analysed concurrently and prospectively their responses. Results: Findings showed that AI models learned to accurately and automatically identify GD risk cases, based on gamers' reported UABS score, age, and length of gaming involvement, both concurrently and longitudinally (i.e., six months later). Random forests outperformed all other AIs, while avatar immersion was shown to be the strongest training predictor. Conclusion: Study outcomes demonstrated that the user-avatar bond can be translated into accurate, concurrent and future GD risk predictions using trained AI classifiers. Assessment, prevention, and practice implications are discussed in the light of these findings

Пневмомедиастинум: новый взгляд на старую проблему в условиях пандемии COVID-19

The aim of the study was to identify the risk factors of spontaneous pneumomediastinum and to determine its management strategy in patients with the novel coronavirus infection.Material and methods. Eighteen patients with spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) hospitalized in the Center for Novel Coronavirus Infection of the Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University from 2020 to 2021 were examined. The control group consisted of 18 persons selected using matched sampling. We analyzed symptoms, medical and life history, comorbidities, physical examination results, laboratory and instrumental data, and disease management of patients in both groupsResults. The groups were comparable by age and sex. Among all patients hospitalized with the novel coronavirus infection, spontaneous pneumomediastinum was registered in 1.3% (n=18). Analysis of symptoms, medical and life history, comorbidities, physical examination results, laboratory and instrumental data and disease management did not reveal significant differences between the groups. At the same time, the proportion of obese patients in the main group was lower than in the control group. Estimation of HR showed that the risk of spontaneous pneumomediastinum development was significantly lower in obesity (HR=0.14; 95% CI: 0.033–0.63, P=0.010).Conclusion. The risk of spontaneous pneumomediastinum is significantly lower in obese patients.Цель исследования — определение факторов риска спонтанного пневмомедиастинума и тактики его ведения у больных новой коронавирусной инфекцией.Материал и методы. Обследовали 18 пациентов со спонтанным пневмомедиастинумом (СПМ), госпитализированных в центр по лечению новой коронавирусной инфекции СЗГМУ им. И. И. Мечникова с 2020 по 2021 год. Группу контроля составили 18 человек, отобранные парно-сопряженным методом. Проанализировали жалобы, анамнез заболевания и жизни, коморбидный фон, физикальные данные, результаты лабораторных и инструментальных исследований, особенности терапии пациентов обеих группРезультаты. Группы были сопоставимы по возрасту и полу. Среди всех больных, госпитализированных с новой коронавирусной инфекцией, спонтанный пневмомедиастинум зарегистрировали в 1,3% (18). Анализ жалоб, анамнеза заболевания и жизни, коморбидного фона, физикальных данных, результатов лабораторных и инструментальных исследований, терапии пациентов в обеих группах статистически значимых отличий не выявил. В то же время, в основной группе доля больных с ожирением была меньше, чем в контрольной. Оценка ОШ показала, что при ожирении риск развития спонтанного пневмомедиастинума был статистически значимо меньше (ОШ=0,14; 95% ДИ: 0,033–0,63, р=0,010).Заключение. Риск развития спонтанного пневмомедиастинума статистически значимо ниже у больных с ожирением