Secure and Robust Image Watermarking Scheme Using Homomorphic Transform, SVD and Arnold Transform in RDWT Domain

The main objective for a watermarking technique is to attain imperceptibility, robustness and security against various malicious attacks applied by illicit users. To fulfil these basic requirements for a scheme is a big issue of concern. So, in this paper, a new image watermarking method is proposed which utilizes properties of homomorphic transform, Redundant Discrete Wavelet Transform (RDWT), Arnold Transform (AT) along with Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) to attain these required properties. RDWT is performed on host image to achieve LL subband. This LL subband image is further decomposed into illumination and reflectance components by homomorphic transform. In order to strengthen security of proposed scheme, AT is used to scramble watermark. This scrambled watermark is embedded with Singular Values (SVs) of reflectance component which are obtained by applying SVD to it. Since reflectance component contains important features of image, therefore, embedding of watermark in this part provides excellent imperceptibility. Proposed scheme is comprehensively examined against different attacks like scaling, shearing etc. for its robustness. Comparative study with other prevailing algorithms clearly reveals superiority of proposed scheme in terms of robustness and imperceptibility

Rolling Moment of Slender Body at High Incidence for Air to Air Missile Rocket Applications

Measurements of moments were carried out on a slender body having a pointed forebody at lower velocities. The slender body had an ogive nose shape and an overall length to diameter ratio of 16. The angle of incidence was varied from low to moderate angles of attack in the pitch plane. The main objective of the present investigation was to measure the rolling moments on the slender body with and without the control technique. The side force was reduced using a rectangular cross-sectioned ringplaced suitably on the body, however, the slender body was found to experience rolling moments which may be catastrophic

Finite element analysis of micro end mill and simulation of burr formation in machining al6061-t6

The recent technological progressions in industries have offered ascent to the continually growing requests for microstructures, sensors, and parts. Micro-milling is a promising method to create these scaled down structures, sensors, and parts. Yet, micromilling still confronts some significant difficulties, tormenting further provision of this innovation. The most noticeable around them is micro burr formation. Burrs created along the completed edges and surfaces in micro-milling operation have huge effect on the surface quality and performance of the completed parts and microstructures. In any case, deburring of micro-parts is not conceivable because of bad accessibility and tight tolerances in micro segments. One of the methods to minimize micro burr formation in micro milling is by enhancing the geometry of the device. As minimization of micro burrs still remains a key test in micro machining, not many researchers have worked in this field. The main aim of the research work is to present finite element analysis of flat end mill micro cutters used in micro milling by varying geometry of the tools. Apart from this, study has been done in detail on burr formation in micro milling and what factors affect it. Burr formation simulation has been carried out while varying the tool geometry. The outcome of the research will be a static finite element analysis of micro burrs formed during micro-milling which can help in determining tool life and a detailed dynamic analysis of micro burrs formed during micro-milling operation in Al6061-T6 which can benefit the aerospace industry in various ways. The results obtained during the analysis may be used for further research for burr minimization through tool optimization and process control

A REVIEW: STATUS OF GENETIC MODULATED NONSMALL CELL LUNG CANCER TARGETS AND TREATMENT (CURRENT UPDATES IN DRUGS FOR NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER TREATMENT)

Genetic modifications or mutations has been a bottleneck for the treatment of cancer; it is widely known to play a vital role in the progression of metastatic level/stage within the nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The NSCLC of cancer is responsible for lung cancer lawsuits. In the various genetic mutations related study has been concluded with the various genes findings, which are named as the epidermal growth factor receptor, anaplastic lymphoma kinase, Kristen rat sarcoma virus, ROS proto-oncogene 1, human epidermal growth factor, B-RAF proto-oncogene, rearranged during Transfection, MET, Phosphatidyl 3-kinases CA, IGF-1R, NTRK1, FGFR1, and DDR2. The various research data supported this study. The involvement of the gene in the NSCLC patients made a paradigm shift in the drug discovery. The presence of one mutation in connection with some other could have an impact on NSCLC remedy.Utilizing this genotype-directed therapy for an advanced NSCLC has to turn out to be an appealing and efficacious treatment strategy. Here in the advancement of research, related genetic modulated targets and treatment have been discussed, particular genetic mutations help to find new updated interventions or medicinal drugs for the treatment of NSCLC. In there view, we have comprehensively arranged the mutation type and treatment with the status of NSCLC

Clinicopathological Study of Salivary Gland Tumors in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Background: The study “Preoperative predictors of ossicular status in chronic suppurative otitis media” was undertaken in Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun. A total number of 124 patients who underwent “tympanomastoidcetomy” for CSOM were evaluated to correlate the preoperative predictors with intraoperative ossicular status. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out for 12 months period in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, SRHU, Swami Ram Nagar, Dehradun. Subjects were recruited from Inpatient Department planned for surgery. Each of the patients selected for the study was subjected to a detailed history and complete ear, nose and throat examination. Site and size of perforation, status of attic, middle ear mucosa status, presence of myringosclerosis, tympanosclerosis, granulations and cholesteatoma were noted in each patient. Degree and type of hearing loss was evaluated via pure tone audiometry. Results: Most of the patients belonged to the age group of less than 40 years, with maximum patients falling in the age group of 21-30 years i.e.,39 (31.45%) patients. The average age of patients was 29.39±10.79 years. Female predominance was seen with male to female ratio being 1:1.33. More cases were from rural areas comprising of 81 (65.3%) cases while 43 (34.6%) resided in urban areas. Ear discharge was the most common presenting complaint seen in 109 cases (87.90%) followed by hearing loss which was present in 100 cases (80.64%). Unilateral ear discharge present in 89 (81.65%) and 20 (18.34%) had bilateral ear discharge. Conclusion: Blood-stained discharge was present in 40 (36.66%) patients out of which 28 (70%) patients had ossicular necrosis. On assessing the amount of ear discharge, highest number of patients had scanty discharge i.e., in 75 (68.80%), out of which 30 (40%) patients had ossicular necrosis. Mucopurulent discharge was seen in highest number of patients i.e., in 68 (62.38%) out of which 30 (44.1%) had ossicular necrosis. Associated symptoms of vertigo were present in 28 patients (22.5%) out of which 16 patients (57.1%) had ossicles necrosed. On findings of otoscopy and otoendoscopy, perforation in pars tensa was seen in 82 patients (66.12%) out of which ossicular necrosis was present in 14 patients (17%). Highest incidence of ossicular necrosis was seen in 4 (4.83%) patients who had perforation involving both pars tensa and pars flaccida

Adaptive Grey Wolf Optimization Technique for Stock Index Price Prediction on Recurring Neural Network Variants

In this paper, we propose a Long short-term memory (LSTM) and Adaptive Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO)--based hybrid model for predicting the stock prices of the Major Indian stock indices, i.e., Sensex. The LSTM is an advanced neural network that handles uncertain, nonlinear, and sequential data. The challenges are its weight and bias optimization. The classical backpropagation has issues of dangling on local minima or overfitting the dataset. Thus, we propose a GWO-based hybrid approach to evolve the weights and biases of the LSTM and the dense layers. We have made the GWO more robust by introducing an approach to improve the best possible solution by using the optimal ranking of the wolves. The proposed model combines the GWO with Adam Optimizer to train the LSTM. Apart from the LSTM, we have also implemented the Adaptive GWO on other variants of Recurring Neural Networks (RNN) like LSTM, Bi-Directional LSTM, Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), and Bi-Directional GRU and computed the corresponding results. The Adaptive GWO here evolves the initial weights and biases of the above-discussed neural networks. In this research, we have also compared the forecasting efficiency of our proposed work with a particle-warm optimization (PSO) based hybrid LSTM model, simple Grey-wolf Optimization (GWO), and Adaptive PSO. According to the experimental findings, the suggested model has effectively used the best initial weights, and its results are the best overall

Turbulence modeling in CFD simulation of intake manifold for a 4 cylinder engine

Paper presented at the 9th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Malta, 16-18 July, 2012.Air motion inside the intake manifold is one of the paramount factors, which govern the engine performance of multi-cylinder petrol engines. Hence the flow phenomenon inside the intake manifold should be fully understood in order to consider the current requirement of higher engine efficiency. In this paper, the internal flow characteristics in the intake manifold of a four cylinder petrol engine is investigated computationally and variation of engine parameters with RPM is analyzed. The model is also validated with experimental results available in literature.dc201

Investigation of Incompressible Flow Past Two Circular Cylinders of Different Diameters

A two - dimensional Navier-Stokes solver based on finite volume approach using a boundary-fitted curvilinear structured O-grid has been developed to obtain details of unconfined flow past cylinders at low Reynolds number of 100 and 200 based on diameter. Computations made on a single cylinder with smaller domain adopting the convective boundary conditions captured most of the flow features. This concept of a smaller domain, when used to capture the highly complex flow field around two cylinders of the same diameter placed in tandem at a Reynolds number of 200 showed reasonable results. The details of the flow field around two cylinders of different diameters placed at a typical distance of 3L and Reynolds number of 100 could be well captured adopting smaller domain concept. It is observed that the change in diameter of upstream cylinder strongly influences the overall flow field and the drag of the downstream cylinder