3,223 research outputs found
Lattice approaches to dilute Fermi gases: Legacy of broken Galilean invariance
In the dilute limit, the properties of fermionic lattice models with
short-range attractive interactions converge to those of a dilute Fermi gas in
continuum space. We investigate this connection using mean-field and we show
that the existence of a finite lattice spacing has consequences down to very
small densities. In particular we show that the reduced translational
invariance associated to the lattice periodicity has a pivotal role in the
finite-density corrections to the universal zero-density limit.
For a parabolic dispersion with a sharp cut-off, we provide an analytical
expression for the leading-order corrections in the whole BCS-BEC crossover.
These corrections, which stem only from the unavoidable cut-off, contribute to
the leading-order corrections to the relevant observables. In a generic lattice
we find a universal power-law behavior which leads to significant
corrections already for small densities. Our results pose strong constraints on
lattice extrapolations of dilute Fermi gas properties.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure
Finite-density corrections to the Unitary Fermi gas: A lattice perspective from Dynamical Mean-Field Theory
We investigate the approach to the universal regime of the dilute unitary
Fermi gas as the density is reduced to zero in a lattice model. To this end we
study the chemical potential, superfluid order parameter and internal energy of
the attractive Hubbard model in three different lattices with densities of
states (DOS) which share the same low-energy behavior of fermions in
three-dimensional free space: a cubic lattice, a "Bethe lattice" with a
semicircular DOS, and a "lattice gas" with parabolic dispersion and a sharp
energy cut-off that ensures the normalization of the DOS. The model is solved
using Dynamical Mean-Field Theory, that treats directly the thermodynamic limit
and arbitrarily low densities, eliminating finite-size effects. At densities of
the order of one fermion per site the lattice and its specific form dominate
the results. The evolution to the low-density limit is smooth and it does not
allow to define an unambiguous low-density regime. Such finite-density effects
are significantly reduced using the lattice gas, and they are maximal for the
three-dimensional cubic lattice. Even though dynamical mean-field theory is
bound to reduce to the more standard static mean field in the limit of zero
density due to the local nature of the self-energy and of the vertex functions,
it compares well with accurate Monte Carlo simulations down to the lowest
densities accessible to the latter.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure
An effectual template bank for the detection of gravitational waves from inspiralling compact binaries with generic spins
We report the construction of a three-dimensional template bank for the
search for gravitational waves from inspiralling binaries consisting of
spinning compact objects. The parameter space consists of two dimensions
describing the mass parameters and one "reduced-spin" parameter, which
describes the secular (non-precessing) spin effects in the waveform. The
template placement is based on an efficient stochastic algorithm and makes use
of the semi-analytical computation of a metric in the parameter space. We
demonstrate that for "low-mass" () binaries,
this template bank achieves effective fitting factors --
towards signals from generic spinning binaries in the advanced detector era
over the entire parameter space of interest (including binary neutron stars,
binary black holes, and black hole-neutron star binaries). This provides a
powerful and viable method for searching for gravitational waves from generic
spinning low-mass compact binaries. Under the assumption that spin magnitudes
of black-holes [neutron-stars] are uniformly distributed between 0--0.98 [0 --
0.4] and spin angles are isotropically distributed, the expected improvement in
the average detection volume (at a fixed signal-to-noise-ratio threshold) of a
search using this reduced-spin bank is , as compared to a search
using a non-spinning bank.Comment: Minor changes, version appeared in Phys. Rev.
Polaronic slowing of fermionic impurities in lattice Bose-Fermi mixtures
We generalize the application of small polaron theory to ultracold gases of
Ref. [\onlinecite{jaksch_njp1}] to the case of Bose-Fermi mixtures, where both
components are loaded into an optical lattice. In a suitable range of
parameters, the mixture can be described within a Bogoliubov approach in the
presence of fermionic (dynamic) impurities and an effective description in
terms of polarons applies. In the dilute limit of the slow impurity regime, the
hopping of fermionic particles is exponentially renormalized due to polaron
formation, regardless of the sign of the Bose-Fermi interaction. This should
lead to clear experimental signatures of polaronic effects, once the regime of
interest is reached. The validity of our approach is analyzed in the light of
currently available experiments. We provide results for the hopping
renormalization factor for different values of temperature, density and
Bose-Fermi interaction for three-dimensional
mixtures in optical lattice.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure
Magnetism and domain formation in SU(3)-symmetric multi-species Fermi mixtures
We study the phase diagram of an SU(3)-symmetric mixture of three-component
ultracold fermions with attractive interactions in an optical lattice,
including the additional effect on the mixture of an effective three-body
constraint induced by three-body losses. We address the properties of the
system in by using dynamical mean-field theory and variational Monte
Carlo techniques. The phase diagram of the model shows a strong interplay
between magnetism and superfluidity. In the absence of the three-body
constraint (no losses), the system undergoes a phase transition from a color
superfluid phase to a trionic phase, which shows additional particle density
modulations at half-filling. Away from the particle-hole symmetric point the
color superfluid phase is always spontaneously magnetized, leading to the
formation of different color superfluid domains in systems where the total
number of particles of each species is conserved. This can be seen as the SU(3)
symmetric realization of a more general tendency to phase-separation in
three-component Fermi mixtures. The three-body constraint strongly disfavors
the trionic phase, stabilizing a (fully magnetized) color superfluid also at
strong coupling. With increasing temperature we observe a transition to a
non-magnetized SU(3) Fermi liquid phase.Comment: 36 pages, 17 figures; Corrected typo
Star-planet interactions: I. Stellar rotation and planetary orbits
Context. As a star evolves, the planet orbits change with time due to tidal
interactions, stellar mass losses, friction and gravitational drag forces, mass
accretion and evaporation on/by the planet. Stellar rotation modifies the
structure of the star and therefore the way these different processes occur.
Changes of the orbits, at their turn, have an impact on the rotation of the
star.
Aims. Models accounting in a consistent way for these interactions between
the orbital evolution of the planet and the evolution of the rotation of the
star are still missing. The present work is a first attempt to fill this gap.
Methods. We compute the evolution of stellar models including a comprehensive
treatment of rotational effects together with the evolution of planetary
orbits, so that the exchanges of angular momentum between the star and the
planetary orbit are treated in a self-consistent way. The evolution of the
rotation of the star accounts for the angular momentum exchange with the planet
and also follows the effects of the internal transport of angular momentum and
chemicals.
Results. We show that rotating stellar models without tidal interactions can
well reproduce the surface rotations of the bulk of the red giants. However,
models without any interactions cannot account for fast rotating red giants in
the upper part of the red giant branch, where, such models, whatever the
initial rotation considered on the ZAMS, always predict very low velocities.
For those stars some interaction with a companion is highly probable and the
present rotating stellar models with planets confirm that tidal interaction can
reproduce their high surface velocities. We show also that the minimum distance
between the planet and the star on the ZAMS that will allow the planet to avoid
engulfment and survive is decreased around faster rotating stars. [abridged]Comment: 14 pages, abstract abridged for arXiv submission, accepted for
publication in Astronomy & Astrophysic
ARE CERTIFIED IOT DEVICES TRUSTWORTHY? A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
Internet of Things (IoT) devices have been shown to be insecure in general. There are continuing research and news reports indicating Internet connected devices may contain backdoors either placed intentionally or discovered as vulnerabilities (Korolov, 2014). The backdoors in IoT devices, especially the deliberately hidden ones, present significant security risks to people, our society, and US economy as those devices are internet connected and deployed in massive numbers. US Government and organizations are developing guidelines and certification standards for IoT devices to mitigate risks. In this paper, we investigate the effectiveness of certification in identifying hidden backdoors in IoT devices. The research plan and implications of our study are discussed
Detection of GRB signals with Fluorescence Detectors
Gamma Ray Bursts are being searched in many ground based experiments
detecting the high energy component (GeV TeV energy range) of the photon
bursts. In this paper, Fluorescence Detectors are considered as possible
candidate devices for these searches. It is shown that the GRB photons induce
fluorescence emission of UV photons on a wide range of their spectrum. The
induced fluorescence flux is dominated by GRB photons from 0.1 to about 100 MeV
and, once the extinction through the atmosphere is taken into account, it is
distributed over a wide angular region. This flux can be detected through a
monitor of the diffuse photon flux, provided that its maximum value exceeds a
threshold value, that is primarily determined by the sky brightness above the
detector. The feasibility of this search and the expected rates are discussed
on the basis of the current GRB observations and the existing fluorescence
detectors.Comment: 16 pages 9 eps figure
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