59 research outputs found
Does the First Step of the Induced-Hypocrisy Paradigm Really Matter? An Initial Investigation Using a Meta-Analytic Approach
International audienceThe induced-hypocrisy paradigm is an effective two-step procedure - the behavioral standards salience step and the transgressions salience step - for encouraging normative behaviors. Recent findings have raised questions about the necessity of the first step in inducing behavioral change. This research aims to test the role of the standards salience step in the hypocrisy paradigm. To this end, we used a meta-analytic approach to test the moderation of standards salience on hypocrisy effect sizes. We compared 16 studies with âstrongâ standards salience with 19 studies with âweakâ standards salience. The results revealed that, compared with control and transgressions-only conditions, the hypocrisy effect sizes were moderate in the âstrongâ standards group and weak or nonsignificant in the âweakâ standards group. These results contribute to the further investigation of the processes underlying the hypocrisy paradigm and represent progress by identifying the optimal conditions for implementing its first step
Three Decades of Research on Induced Hypocrisy: A Meta-Analysis
International audienceInduced hypocrisy is a sequential, two-step, cognitive dissonance procedure that prompts individuals to adopt a proattitudinal behavior. The present meta-analysis of 29 published and nine unpublished induced-hypocrisy studies enabled us to test three key dissonance-related issues. First, is hypocrisy effective in promoting change in behavioral intention and behavior? Our analyses supported the idea that hypocrisy (vs. control) increased both behavioral intention and behavior. Second, does hypocrisy generate psychological discomfort? Results pertaining to this issue were inconclusive due to the small number of studies measuring psychological discomfort. Third, are both steps necessary to generate change? Effect sizes conform to the idea that the transgressions-only condition can increase both behavior and intention. Our meta-analysis raises a number of theoretical issues concerning the psychological processes underlying induced hypocrisy and highlights implications for practitioners
Quand lâengagement prĂ©cĂšde lâappel Ă la peur : une forme de communication engageante
When commitment precedes fear appeal: a type of committing communication
Behavioural change can be obtained notably by using commitment (Kiesler, 1971) or persuasion. These two approaches can complement each other in some situations and be in opposition in others. We suppose that commitment to a non-healthy behaviour inhibits the persuasive effects of a message of fear appeal whereas commitment to a healthy behaviour increases them. We propose two experiments in which smokers were committed to a nonhealthy or healthy behaviour before reading a message (fear appeal vs neutral). The results partially support our hypotheses. Indeed, commitment to a non-healthy behaviour does not impede adoption of the preventive initiative whereas commitment to a healthy behaviour facilitates it.La modification dâun comportement peut ĂȘtre obtenue notamment en utilisant lâengagement (Kiesler, 1971) ou la persuasion. Ces deux approches peuvent se complĂ©ter dans certaines situations et sâopposer dans dâautres. Nous supposons que lâengagement dans un comportement non sĂ©curitaire inhibe les effets persuasifs de lâappel Ă la peur tandis que lâengagement dans un comportement sĂ©curitaire les accroĂźt. Nous proposons deux expĂ©rimentations dans lesquelles des fumeurs ont Ă©tĂ© engagĂ©s dans un type de comportement ou dans lâautre avant de lire un message (appel Ă la peur vs
neutre). Les rĂ©sultats obtenus sâaccordent partiellement avec nos hypothĂšses. En effet, lâengagement dans un comportement non sĂ©curitaire nâest pas toujours un frein Ă lâadoption de la dĂ©marche prĂ©ventive tandis que lâengagement dans un comportement sĂ©curitaire la facilite.Milhabet Isabelle, Priolo Daniel. Quand lâengagement prĂ©cĂšde lâappel Ă la peur : une forme de communication engageante. In: L'annĂ©e psychologique. 2008 vol. 108, n°2. pp. 207-241
Pour qu'un message préventif soit efficace, est-il préférable d'agir sur les pensées en faisant appel à la peur ou bien de faire agir tout simplement ? (thÚse...)
Dans certaines situations les messages de prĂ©vention effrayants, renforcent l'engagement des fumeurs dans leurs comportements. L'engagement dans un comportement peut faciliter ou altĂ©rer les effets persuasifs de ceux-ci. Les rĂ©sistances aux messges effrayants peuvent impliquer le sentiment de vulnĂ©rabilitĂ©. Un objectif secondaire dans cette thĂšse a consistĂ© Ă montrer que penser qu'autrui est plus vulnĂ©rable que soi (i.e., l'optimisme comparatif) n'est pas une entrave Ă la prĂ©vention. Trois principaux rĂ©sultats peuvent ĂȘtre dĂ©gagĂ©s. PremiĂšrement, l'optimisme comparatif n'est pas incompatible avec la prĂ©vention. DeuxiĂšmement, l'engagement dans un comportement non sĂ©curitaire altĂšre les effets d'un message effrayant. TroisiĂšmement, l'engagement dans un comportement sĂ©curitaire facilite l'impact persuasif d'un message effrayant.In certain situations the frightening prevention messages, strengthen the commitment of the smokers in their behaviour. The commitment in behaviour can facilitate or alter the persuasive effects of the frightening preventive messages. The resistances to the messages of this type can imply the feeling of vulnerability. A secondary objective in this thesis consisted in showing that to think that other is more vulnerable than one (i.e., the comparative optimism) is not an obstacle for the prevention. Three main results can be loosened. In the first place, the comparative optimism is not incompatible with the preventive dynamic. Secondly, the commitment in nonsafety behaviour alters the effects of a frightening message. Thirdly, the commitment in safety behaviour facilitates the persuasive impact of a frightening message.NICE-Antenne de St Jean d'Angely (060882105) / SudocNICE-BU Lettres Arts Sci.Hum. (060882104) / SudocSudocFranceF
Quand lâengagement prĂ©cĂšde lâappel Ă la peur : une forme de communication engageante
When commitment precedes fear appeal: a type of committing communication
Behavioural change can be obtained notably by using commitment (Kiesler, 1971) or persuasion. These two approaches can complement each other in some situations and be in opposition in others. We suppose that commitment to a non-healthy behaviour inhibits the persuasive effects of a message of fear appeal whereas commitment to a healthy behaviour increases them. We propose two experiments in which smokers were committed to a nonhealthy or healthy behaviour before reading a message (fear appeal vs neutral). The results partially support our hypotheses. Indeed, commitment to a non-healthy behaviour does not impede adoption of the preventive initiative whereas commitment to a healthy behaviour facilitates it.La modification dâun comportement peut ĂȘtre obtenue notamment en utilisant lâengagement (Kiesler, 1971) ou la persuasion. Ces deux approches peuvent se complĂ©ter dans certaines situations et sâopposer dans dâautres. Nous supposons que lâengagement dans un comportement non sĂ©curitaire inhibe les effets persuasifs de lâappel Ă la peur tandis que lâengagement dans un comportement sĂ©curitaire les accroĂźt. Nous proposons deux expĂ©rimentations dans lesquelles des fumeurs ont Ă©tĂ© engagĂ©s dans un type de comportement ou dans lâautre avant de lire un message (appel Ă la peur vs
neutre). Les rĂ©sultats obtenus sâaccordent partiellement avec nos hypothĂšses. En effet, lâengagement dans un comportement non sĂ©curitaire nâest pas toujours un frein Ă lâadoption de la dĂ©marche prĂ©ventive tandis que lâengagement dans un comportement sĂ©curitaire la facilite.Milhabet Isabelle, Priolo Daniel. Quand lâengagement prĂ©cĂšde lâappel Ă la peur : une forme de communication engageante. In: L'annĂ©e psychologique. 2008 vol. 108, n°2. pp. 207-241
Chapitre 3 - LâĂ©tat de dissonance : un Ă©tat motivationnel et aversif
Autre titre : LâĂ©tat de dissonance : un Ă©tat motivationnel et aversifInternational audienc
Les paradigmes Ă©mergents : lâhypocrisie, la dissonance vicariante et les prophĂ©ties auto-rĂ©alisatrices
Autre titre : Un renouveau paradigmatiqueInternational audienc
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