59 research outputs found

    Does the First Step of the Induced-Hypocrisy Paradigm Really Matter? An Initial Investigation Using a Meta-Analytic Approach

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    International audienceThe induced-hypocrisy paradigm is an effective two-step procedure - the behavioral standards salience step and the transgressions salience step - for encouraging normative behaviors. Recent findings have raised questions about the necessity of the first step in inducing behavioral change. This research aims to test the role of the standards salience step in the hypocrisy paradigm. To this end, we used a meta-analytic approach to test the moderation of standards salience on hypocrisy effect sizes. We compared 16 studies with “strong” standards salience with 19 studies with “weak” standards salience. The results revealed that, compared with control and transgressions-only conditions, the hypocrisy effect sizes were moderate in the “strong” standards group and weak or nonsignificant in the “weak” standards group. These results contribute to the further investigation of the processes underlying the hypocrisy paradigm and represent progress by identifying the optimal conditions for implementing its first step

    Three Decades of Research on Induced Hypocrisy: A Meta-Analysis

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    International audienceInduced hypocrisy is a sequential, two-step, cognitive dissonance procedure that prompts individuals to adopt a proattitudinal behavior. The present meta-analysis of 29 published and nine unpublished induced-hypocrisy studies enabled us to test three key dissonance-related issues. First, is hypocrisy effective in promoting change in behavioral intention and behavior? Our analyses supported the idea that hypocrisy (vs. control) increased both behavioral intention and behavior. Second, does hypocrisy generate psychological discomfort? Results pertaining to this issue were inconclusive due to the small number of studies measuring psychological discomfort. Third, are both steps necessary to generate change? Effect sizes conform to the idea that the transgressions-only condition can increase both behavior and intention. Our meta-analysis raises a number of theoretical issues concerning the psychological processes underlying induced hypocrisy and highlights implications for practitioners

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    Quand l’engagement prĂ©cĂšde l’appel Ă  la peur : une forme de communication engageante

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    When commitment precedes fear appeal: a type of committing communication Behavioural change can be obtained notably by using commitment (Kiesler, 1971) or persuasion. These two approaches can complement each other in some situations and be in opposition in others. We suppose that commitment to a non-healthy behaviour inhibits the persuasive effects of a message of fear appeal whereas commitment to a healthy behaviour increases them. We propose two experiments in which smokers were committed to a nonhealthy or healthy behaviour before reading a message (fear appeal vs neutral). The results partially support our hypotheses. Indeed, commitment to a non-healthy behaviour does not impede adoption of the preventive initiative whereas commitment to a healthy behaviour facilitates it.La modification d’un comportement peut ĂȘtre obtenue notamment en utilisant l’engagement (Kiesler, 1971) ou la persuasion. Ces deux approches peuvent se complĂ©ter dans certaines situations et s’opposer dans d’autres. Nous supposons que l’engagement dans un comportement non sĂ©curitaire inhibe les effets persuasifs de l’appel Ă  la peur tandis que l’engagement dans un comportement sĂ©curitaire les accroĂźt. Nous proposons deux expĂ©rimentations dans lesquelles des fumeurs ont Ă©tĂ© engagĂ©s dans un type de comportement ou dans l’autre avant de lire un message (appel Ă  la peur vs neutre). Les rĂ©sultats obtenus s’accordent partiellement avec nos hypothĂšses. En effet, l’engagement dans un comportement non sĂ©curitaire n’est pas toujours un frein Ă  l’adoption de la dĂ©marche prĂ©ventive tandis que l’engagement dans un comportement sĂ©curitaire la facilite.Milhabet Isabelle, Priolo Daniel. Quand l’engagement prĂ©cĂšde l’appel Ă  la peur : une forme de communication engageante. In: L'annĂ©e psychologique. 2008 vol. 108, n°2. pp. 207-241

    Pour qu'un message préventif soit efficace, est-il préférable d'agir sur les pensées en faisant appel à la peur ou bien de faire agir tout simplement ? (thÚse...)

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    Dans certaines situations les messages de prĂ©vention effrayants, renforcent l'engagement des fumeurs dans leurs comportements. L'engagement dans un comportement peut faciliter ou altĂ©rer les effets persuasifs de ceux-ci. Les rĂ©sistances aux messges effrayants peuvent impliquer le sentiment de vulnĂ©rabilitĂ©. Un objectif secondaire dans cette thĂšse a consistĂ© Ă  montrer que penser qu'autrui est plus vulnĂ©rable que soi (i.e., l'optimisme comparatif) n'est pas une entrave Ă  la prĂ©vention. Trois principaux rĂ©sultats peuvent ĂȘtre dĂ©gagĂ©s. PremiĂšrement, l'optimisme comparatif n'est pas incompatible avec la prĂ©vention. DeuxiĂšmement, l'engagement dans un comportement non sĂ©curitaire altĂšre les effets d'un message effrayant. TroisiĂšmement, l'engagement dans un comportement sĂ©curitaire facilite l'impact persuasif d'un message effrayant.In certain situations the frightening prevention messages, strengthen the commitment of the smokers in their behaviour. The commitment in behaviour can facilitate or alter the persuasive effects of the frightening preventive messages. The resistances to the messages of this type can imply the feeling of vulnerability. A secondary objective in this thesis consisted in showing that to think that other is more vulnerable than one (i.e., the comparative optimism) is not an obstacle for the prevention. Three main results can be loosened. In the first place, the comparative optimism is not incompatible with the preventive dynamic. Secondly, the commitment in nonsafety behaviour alters the effects of a frightening message. Thirdly, the commitment in safety behaviour facilitates the persuasive impact of a frightening message.NICE-Antenne de St Jean d'Angely (060882105) / SudocNICE-BU Lettres Arts Sci.Hum. (060882104) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Quand l’engagement prĂ©cĂšde l’appel Ă  la peur : une forme de communication engageante

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    When commitment precedes fear appeal: a type of committing communication Behavioural change can be obtained notably by using commitment (Kiesler, 1971) or persuasion. These two approaches can complement each other in some situations and be in opposition in others. We suppose that commitment to a non-healthy behaviour inhibits the persuasive effects of a message of fear appeal whereas commitment to a healthy behaviour increases them. We propose two experiments in which smokers were committed to a nonhealthy or healthy behaviour before reading a message (fear appeal vs neutral). The results partially support our hypotheses. Indeed, commitment to a non-healthy behaviour does not impede adoption of the preventive initiative whereas commitment to a healthy behaviour facilitates it.La modification d’un comportement peut ĂȘtre obtenue notamment en utilisant l’engagement (Kiesler, 1971) ou la persuasion. Ces deux approches peuvent se complĂ©ter dans certaines situations et s’opposer dans d’autres. Nous supposons que l’engagement dans un comportement non sĂ©curitaire inhibe les effets persuasifs de l’appel Ă  la peur tandis que l’engagement dans un comportement sĂ©curitaire les accroĂźt. Nous proposons deux expĂ©rimentations dans lesquelles des fumeurs ont Ă©tĂ© engagĂ©s dans un type de comportement ou dans l’autre avant de lire un message (appel Ă  la peur vs neutre). Les rĂ©sultats obtenus s’accordent partiellement avec nos hypothĂšses. En effet, l’engagement dans un comportement non sĂ©curitaire n’est pas toujours un frein Ă  l’adoption de la dĂ©marche prĂ©ventive tandis que l’engagement dans un comportement sĂ©curitaire la facilite.Milhabet Isabelle, Priolo Daniel. Quand l’engagement prĂ©cĂšde l’appel Ă  la peur : une forme de communication engageante. In: L'annĂ©e psychologique. 2008 vol. 108, n°2. pp. 207-241

    Chapitre 3 - L’état de dissonance : un Ă©tat motivationnel et aversif

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    Autre titre : L’état de dissonance : un Ă©tat motivationnel et aversifInternational audienc

    AccĂšs Ă  l'emploi pour les demandeurs d'emploi de plus de 45 ans

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    Rapport

    Un renouveau paradigmatique

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    International audienc

    Les paradigmes Ă©mergents : l’hypocrisie, la dissonance vicariante et les prophĂ©ties auto-rĂ©alisatrices

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    Autre titre : Un renouveau paradigmatiqueInternational audienc
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