Enhancing intercultural negotiations - cognitive-affective-value induced approach

The article deals with international negotiations as a situation of intercultural and interpersonal communication as well as the influence that culture and its main structural features have on the behavior of participants in intercultural interaction. The author provides a comparative analysis of the stages in negotiation process matching them to the levels of interpersonal interaction, identifying possible situations of cultural misunderstanding in order to improve the process of negotiations. The article also outlines criteria for assessing effectiveness of a negotiator in situations of intercultural communication.В статье рассматриваются международные переговоры как ситуация межкультурного и межличностного общения, анализируется влияние культуры и ее основных структурных признаков на поведение участников межкультурного взаимодействия. Автор приводит сравнение этапов переговорного процесса как ситуации общения с уровнями межличностного взаимодействия, что позволяет выявить возможные ситуации культурного диссонанса и оптимизировать процесс переговоров. В статье также приводятся критерии оценки эффективности участника переговорного процесса, в основу которых положена степень сформированности межкультурной компетенции

Efficiency of the language training course for presenting at international conferences

The article considers methods and techniques aimed at developing language skills and competences necessary to successfully deliver scientific presentations at international conferences. The author reasons the importance of the course, provides analysis of approaches that could contribute to the effective organization of the course. Special attention is paid to the course topics and material selection, course layout and structuring. The focus is also placed on the structure, features and content of academic scientific presentations for international conferences. Having analysed research work of foreign and Russian scientists on the problem, the author presents a sample of scientific presentation layout, which conforms to international academic standards

Accessibility of HIV Testing in Baton Rouge Metropolitan Statistical Area

This study examines HIV testing accessibility in the Baton Rouge Metropolitan Statistical Area (BR MSA) using the two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method to calculate accessibility scores for free, low-cost and all other HIV testing facilities. The two goals of this research are to apply accessibility estimation methods to HIV testing facilities, and to examine the accessibility of HIV testing facilities in the BR MSA. To achieve these goals, this study uses several research methods. The data about HIV testing providers and their locations were collected through Internet searches. By means of a fieldwork, the data were checked, revealing that only 20% of the free HIV testing providers found online are active and free. Almost all free testing providers are clustered in the largest cities, many facilities claimed as “free” turned out to be “low-cost” instead. A disaggregation technique with a linear regression was used to acquire the HIV prevalence rate at the census tract level, because it is only available at the parish/county level. To address accessibility questions, geographical methods, including mapping, the 2SFCA method, and the hot spot analysis were used. The low-cost testing providers are allocated equally throughout the study area and partly compensate the lack of free HIV testing providers for people outside of the largest cities. Almost all population of the BR MSA has access to HIV testing facilities, low-cost and fully charged, within a 30-minute driving time threshold. However, people living in the outskirts of the BR MSA have no access to free HIV testing providers even within a 40-minute driving time threshold

Virtual education environment as a tool for boosting efficiency of basic curriculum and non-degree educational programmes in universities

The article analyzes the role of distant learning technologies to provide accessible and competitive programs in universities. The aim of the article is to set an example of implementing distant learning technologies in universities, to identify the possible conditions of creating a virtual education environment providing continuity in the three-layer system of higher education (Bachelor, Master and postgraduate), as well as for non-degree educational services and supplementary professional training programs in non-linguistic universities. The conducted study revealed the increased demand for these programs, which proved the efficiency of distant learning technologies and the benefits of the virtual education environment for universities. The authors propose the two-component model of the e-course as part of the e-learning system, which allows to optimize self-study and to ensure learner autonomy

DEVELOPMENT OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF WORLD INTEGRATION PROCESSES

Abstract. The present publication is devoted to overview and analysis of modern integration processes and their influence on educational system. The aim of the publication is to reveal the main problems which the educational sphere in connection with the accruing globalization tendencies faces; to designate the ways of international cooperation in the field of the higher education.Methods. The methods involve problem and comparative analysis, empirical observation, and data processing. Scientific works on the theory of integration, the concept of global education, culture of international communication have formed methodological base of studying of the considered problems.Results and scientific novelty. The essence of a phenomenon of globalization is disclosed. The reasons of transformation of national education systems under the influence of globalization processes are described; the tendencies and spheres of this influence are analysed. The international experience of the solution of the arising problems in connection with globalization of education market and a general crisis of education is summarized. The features of development of professional training in a situation of interaction of cultures are considered; the forms and possibilities of international cooperation in the field of the higher education on the basis of integration of national and international achievements are pointed out.Practical significance. The materials of the article can be useful to the researchers who are engaged in studying of aspects of globalization of world economic space and also specialists of management of education in case of development strategies of educational structures and separate organizations. Публикация посвящена обзору и анализу влияния современных глобализационных процессов на систему профессиональной подготовки. Цели изложенной в статье работы – выявить основные проблемы, с которыми сталкивается образовательная сфера в связи с нарастающими тенденциями глобализации, и обозначить пути международного сотрудничества в области высшего образования.Методология и методики. Основные методы исследования – проблемный и сравнительный анализ, эмпирическое наблюдение и систематизация данных. Методологической базой изучения рассматриваемых проблем послужили научные работы о теории интеграции, концепции глобального образования, культуре межнационального общения. Результаты и научная новизна. Вскрыта сущность феномена глобализации. Описаны причины трансформации национальных систем образования под влиянием глобализационных процессов, проанализированы тенденции и сферы этого влияния. Обобщен мировой опыт решения возникающих проблем в связи с глобализацией рынка образовательных услуг и общим кризисом образования. Рассмотрены особенности развития профессионального обучения в ситуации взаимодействия культур и указаны формы и возможности международного сотрудничества в области высшего образования на основе интеграции национальных и международных достижений.Практическая значимость. Материалы статьи могут быть полезны исследователям, занимающимся изучением аспектов глобализации мирового экономического пространства, а также специалистам управления образованием при разработке стратегий развития образовательных структур и отдельных организаций

Protein Kinase D-Mediated Anterograde Membrane Trafficking Is Required for Fibroblast Motility

AbstractBackground: Locomoting cells exhibit a constant retrograde flow of plasma membrane (PM) proteins from the leading edge lamellipodium backward, which when coupled to substrate adhesion, may drive forward cell movement. However, the intracellular source of these PM components and whether their continuous retrograde flow is required for cell motility is unknown.Results: To test the hypothesis that the anterograde secretion pathway supplies PM components for retrograde flow that are required for lamellipodial activity and cell motility, we specifically inhibited transport of cargo from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the PM in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts and monitored cell motility using time-lapse microscopy. TGN-to-PM trafficking was inhibited with a dominant-negative, kinase-dead (kd) mutant of protein kinase D1 (PKD) that specifically blocks budding of secretory vesicles from the TGN and does not affect other transport pathways. Inhibition of PKD on the TGN inhibited directed cell motility and retrograde flow of surface markers and filamentous actin, while inhibition of PKD elsewhere in the cell neither blocked anterograde membrane transport nor cell motile functions. Exogenous activation of Rac1 in PKD-kd-expressing cells restored lamellipodial dynamics independent of membrane traffic. However, lamellipodial activity was delocalized from a single leading edge, and directed cell motility was not fully recovered.Conclusions: These results indicate that PKD-mediated anterograde membrane traffic from the TGN to the PM is required for fibroblast locomotion and localized Rac1-dependent leading edge activity. We suggest that polarized secretion transmits cargo that directs localized signaling for persistent leading edge activity necessary for directional migration

DEVELOPMENT OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF WORLD INTEGRATION PROCESSES

Abstract. The present publication is devoted to overview and analysis of modern integration processes and their influence on educational system.The aim of the publication is to reveal the main problems which the educational sphere in connection with the accruing globalization tendencies faces; to designate the ways of international cooperation in the field of the higher education.Methods. The methods involve problem and comparative analysis, empirical observation, and data processing. Scientific works on the theory of integration, the concept of global education, culture of international communication have formed methodological base of studying of the considered problems.Results and scientific novelty. The essence of a phenomenon of globalization is disclosed. The reasons of transformation of national education systems under the influence of globalization processes are described; the tendencies and spheres of this influence are analysed. The international experience of the solution of the arising problems in connection with globalization of education market and a general crisis of education is summarized. The features of development of professional training in a situation of interaction of cultures are considered; the forms and possibilities of international cooperation in the field of the higher education on the basis of integration of national and international achievements are pointed out.Practical significance. The materials of the article can be useful to the researchers who are engaged in studying of aspects of globalization of world economic space and also specialists of management of education in case of development strategies of educational structures and separate organizations

DISTANCE LEARNING TECHNOLOGY AS A TOOL FOR COMPETITIVE GROWTH OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMES IN UNIVERSITIES

Introduction. The programs of distance education are in a great demand. Therefore, the problems of the organization in higher education institutions of educational process with the use of appropriate technologies have arisen. The aim of the publication is to set an example of introducing distance learning tools into higher education system, which could help to identify possible conditions and ways of creating a virtual educational environment covering in continuity three-cycle structure of higher education, as well as non-degree supplementary educational programs. Methodology and research methods. Basic research methods include comparative analysis, qualitative and quantitative methods based on empirical observation and data processing. The methodological base for the research included competence and student-centered approaches, psycho-didactic and acmeological approaches to lifelong learning. Results and scientific novelty. The role of distance educational technologies in ensuring availability and competitiveness of programs of the basic and continuing education is emphasized. The alternative choice of creating a virtual educational environment on the basis of distance learning technologies in a non-linguistic university is proved from linguodidactic basis. The interaction of principles, approaches, and conditions for its implementation and development are given. The research provides a model of an electronic teaching complex and a two-cluster model of the coursebook as a part of virtual educational unit. Practical application of these models contributes to self-study and learning autonomy of students. Practical significance. The authors describe the content and structure of innovative teaching resources that enable to rely on student-centered approach. The recommendations on establishing a virtual educational environment in universities of programs-in-demand implementation of the basic and continuing education are provided.Введение. В настоящее время наблюдается увеличение спроса на программы дистанционного образования, что актуализирует проблемы организации в вузах образовательного процесса с использованием соответствующих технологий. Цель статьи - показать на примере реализации дистанционных образовательных технологий в неязыковом вузе возможный вариант создания единого мультицелевого виртуального образовательного пространства с соблюдением преемственности в образовательной вертикали трехступенчатой системы высшей школы (бакалавриат - магистратура - аспирантура). Методология и методики исследования. Методологической основой исследования послужили компетентностный, личностно-ориентированный, психодидактический и акмеологический подходы к непрерывному образованию. В качестве основных методов в работе использовались проблемный, сравнительный, качественный и количественный виды анализа, основанного на эмпирическом наблюдении и полученных в ходе его проведения данных. Результаты и научная новизна. Обозначена роль дистанционных образовательных технологий в обеспечении доступности и конкурентоспособности программ основного и дополнительного образования. С лингводидактических позиций обоснован выбор варианта создания виртуального образовательного пространства в неязыковом вузе. Продемонстрирована взаимообусловленность принципов, подходов и условий формирования такой среды. Описаны модель электронного обучающего комплекса и двухкомпонентная модель учебника как его части. Практическое применение данных моделей позволяет оптимизировать самостоятельную автономную учебную деятельность студентов. Практическая значимость. Авторы предлагают принципиально новые средства обучения, базирующиеся на личностно-ориентированном подходе и дают рекомендации по организации мультицелевого виртуального образовательного пространства для реализации востребованных программ основного и дополнительного образования

Alanine-scanning mutagenesis of Aspergillus γ-tubulin yields diverse and novel phenotypes

This is the publisher's version, also available electronically from "www.molbiolcell.org".We have created 41 clustered charged-to-alanine scanning mutations of the mipA, γ-tubulin, gene of Aspergillus nidulans and have created strains carrying these mutations by two-step gene replacement and by a new procedure, heterokaryon gene replacement. Most mutant alleles confer a wild-type phenotype, but others are lethal or conditionally lethal. The conditionally lethal alleles exhibit a variety of phenotypes under restrictive conditions. Most have robust but highly abnormal mitotic spindles and some have abnormal cytoplasmic microtubule arrays. Two alleles appear to have reduced amounts of γ-tubulin at the spindle pole bodies and nucleation of spindle microtubule assembly may be partially inhibited. One allele inhibits germ tube formation. The cold sensitivity of two alleles is strongly suppressed by the antimicrotubule agents benomyl and nocodazole and a third allele is essentially dependent on these compounds for growth. Together our data indicate that γ-tubulin probably carries out functions essential to mitosis and organization of cytoplasmic microtubules in addition to its well-documented role in microtubule nucleation. We have also placed our mutations on a model of the structure of γ-tubulin and these data give a good initial indication of the functionally important regions of the molecule

The use of beta-D-glucanase as a substitute for Novozyme 234 in immunofluorescence and protoplasting

Novozym 234 has been used for many years to prepare protoplasts of Aspergillus nidulans and other fungi for transformation. It has also been very useful in immunofluorescence studies for partially digesting walls of fixed hyphae or germlings to allow antibodies to penetrate into the cytoplasm. In recent years, the availability of Novozym 234 has become problematic, and we have searched for combinations of available enzymes that are suitable for protoplasting and immunofluorescence studies in A. nidulans