A Complete Approach to Predict Biodistribution of Nanomaterials Within Animal Species from In-vitro Data

Smart drug-design for antibody and nanomaterial-based therapies allows for optimization of drug efficacy and more efficient early-stage pre-clinical trials. The ideal drug must display maximum efficacy at target tissue sites, but to track and predict distribution to these sites, one must have a mechanistic understanding of the kinetics involved with the individual cells of the tissue itself. This process can be tracked through biological simulations coupled with in-vitro approaches, which result in a rapid and efficient in-depth understanding of drug transport within tissue vasculature and cellular environment. As a result, it becomes possible to predict drug biodistribution within live animal tissue cells without the need for animal studies. Herein, we use in-vitro assays to translate transport kinetics to whole-body animal simulations to predict drug distribution from vasculature into individual tissue cells for the first time. Our approach is based on rate constants obtained from an in-vitro assay that accounts for cell-induced degradation, which are translated to a complete animal simulation to predict nanomedicine biodistribution at the single cell level. This approach delivers predictions for therapies of varying size and type for multiple species of animals solely from in-vitro data. Thus, we expect this work to assist in refining, reducing, and replacing animal testing, while at the same time, giving scientists a new perspective during early stages of drug development

How Brand Name and Packaging Quality Affect the Consumer Choice Process

Current research tells us that both the brand name and packaging of a product have an effect on the consumer and his or her individual purchasing decision. The following study attempts to further explore and explain how each one affects the other and in which situations, one has a greater influence on the consumer choice process. The research focuses on the comparison of what role brand name and packaging quality play in the consumer choice process. Specifically, the study looked at how the following factors, brand consciousness/familiarity, product experience and individual confidence/self-esteem of the buyer, influence the choice process as it relates to brand image and a product’s packaging. The data suggested that college consumers found individual packaging attributes attractive and eye catching but just simply weren’t influenced enough by these attributes to outweigh the perception of the importance of brand name, at least for relatively private, consumer products

Study of oscillatory interaction of solid propellant combustion and combustor flow

Issued as Activity report, Monthly report, and Annual reports [nos.1-2], Project no. E-16-64

Combustion dynamics in rockets

Issued as Annual report, Project no. E-16-661 (continued by E-16-673, co-project is E-16-658/Strahle

Estuarine zooplankton community structure in stratified and well-mixed environments (York River, Virginia, Chesapeake Bay)

The community structure and vertical distribution patterns of mesozooplankton in the lower York River, Virginia were examined during August, 1978. Samples were collected in the upper and lower water strata before, during and after destratification of the water column due to tidal mixing. In the stratified pre-mixed water column, distinct zooplankton communities were identified above and below the pycnocline. Pronounced diurnal vertical migrations of Acartia tonsa (all stages) and Pseudodiaptomus coronatus were documented. During the well-mixed hydorgraphic regime, the previously identified communities were not as well defined. There was a greater homogeneity of species assemblages and less pronounced differentiation of the vertical distributions for the dominant species during all light conditions. Following restratification, the species assemblages and diurnal vertical distributions closely resembled those identified in the well-mixed sampling period rather than the communities and patterns observed from the initial stratified environment. The homogeneous nature of the zooplankton communities in the well-mixed environment is attributed to the absence of water column stratification. The inability of the zooplankton to reestablish vertically distinct assemblages following restratification of the water column is proposed to be a result of low oxygen concentrations

A Proposed System for the Purchase and Care of Athletic Equipment

In order to solve some of the problems associated with this study, attention was directed toward an investigation of the following factors: (1) to determine the general standards and procedures that should be used as guides for the care of athletic equipment; (2) to indicate specific standards that should be used in caring for specific types of equipment; and (3) to organize standards into composite form for the purpose of developing a practical system for the care of athletic equipment. The purposes of the study are twofold; namely, (1) to discover standards and recommend procedures for the purchase and care of athletic equipment; (2) to develop a systematic scheme that will help eliminate some of the problems confronting those in charge of the care of athletic equipment. This thesis is limited to the following factor: to a proposed system for the purchase and care of athletic equipment

Combustion studies on jet propellants

Issued as Monthly progress reports [nos. 1-13], Report, Draft Final report, and Final report, Project E-16-64

STARLINK: IMPACTS ON THE U.S. CORN MARKET AND WORLD TRADE

StarLink disrupted the U.S. corn market during the marketing year of 2000/01 as a result of inadvertent commingling. The potential volume of marketed StarLink-commingled corn from the 2000 crop located in areas near wet and dry millers prior to October 1, 2000, is estimated at 124 million bushels. Price differentials between StarLink-free and StarLink-commingled corn existed during the early stage of the incident, but eroded quickly. While StarLink has had a negative impact on U.S. corn exports, most of the reduction in exports to Japan and South Korea during November 2000 and March 2002 is due to Japan's increased purchases from South Africa, China's decision to continue to subsidize exports, increased competition from the large back-to-back crops in Argentina, and a record Brazilian crop.Crop Production/Industries, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,