272 research outputs found
'Ethically Impossible': STD Research in Guatemala from 1946 to 1948
In response to the President's request of November 24, 2010, the Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues (Bioethics Commission) oversaw this thorough fact-finding investigation into the specifics of the U.S. Public Health Service-led studies in Guatemala involving the intentional exposure and infection of vulnerable populations. Following a nine-month intensive investigation, the Bioethics Commission concluded that the Guatemala experiments involved gross violations of ethics as judged against both the standards of today and the researchersâ own understanding of applicable contemporaneous practices.https://ssrn.com/abstract=245679
A web of stakeholders and strategies: A case of broadband diffusion in South Korea
When a new technology is launched, its diffusion becomes an issue of importance. There are various stakeholders that influence diffusion. The question that remains to be determined is their identification and roles. This paper outlines how the strategies pursued by a government acting as the key stakeholder affected the diffusion of a new technology. The analysis is based on a theoretical framework derived from innovation diffusion and stakeholder theories. The empirical evidence comes from a study of broadband development in South Korea. A web of stakeholders and strategies is drawn in order to identify the major stakeholders involved and highlight their relations. The case of South Korea offers implications for other countries that are pursuing broadband diffusion strategies
Sand in the wheels, or oiling the wheels, of international finance? : New Labour's appeal to a 'new Bretton Woods'
Tony Blairâs political instinct typically is to associate himself only with the future. As such, his explicit appeal to âthe pastâ in his references to New Labourâs desire to establish a ânew Bretton Woodsâ is sufficient in itself to arouse some degree of analytical curiosity (see Blair 1998a). The fact that this appeal was made specifically in relation to Bretton Woods is even more interesting. The resonant image of the international economic context established by the original Bretton Woods agreements invokes a style and content of policy-making which Tony Blair typically dismisses as neither economically nor politically consistent with his preferred vision of the future (see Blair 2000c, 2001b)
Continuing the conversation about public health ethics: education for public health professionals in Europe
An important related question is why we should teach public health ethics. Fundamentally, we must teach public health ethics because ethical practice creates and maintains public trust and public health cannot function without public trust. To serve the publicâwhether through controlling an outbreak of an infectious disease, preparing for or responding to public health emergencies, or reducing the impact of non-communicable diseasesâcommunities and individuals must trust our decisions and actions. This trust grows in large part from past successes, transparent and participatory decision making, and ethical management of the inevitable moral tensions that arise in our work.S
Workâfamily conflicts of women in the Air Force: their influence on mental health and functioning
This paper examined the effects of work and family stressors and conflicts on Air Force women's mental health and functioning. We analyzed data from a 1993 survey of representative stratified samples of 525 Air Force women from the active duty reserve and guard forces. The analyses of the data are guided by the comprehensive model of workâfamily conflict that has been tested by Frone, Russell, and Cooper (1992) using a large representative community sample. Structural equation modeling analyses provided support for the workâfamily conflict model. The analyses also provided support for an extension of the model, which included the separate effects of marital and parental roles on mental health. The extended model demonstrated that job and parental stresses had direct effects on workâfamily conflicts and that job and marital distress and familyâwork conflict had an independent adverse effect on mental health. Whereas job and parental involvement had a beneficial effect on distress, they had an adverse effect on workâfamily conflicts. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/35034/1/980_ftp.pd
Policy recommendations for addressing privacy challenges associated with cell-based research and interventions
- âŠ