Technologies in higher education: innovative teachers & innovative organizations

La Sociedad de la Información y el Conocimiento ha surgido en relación directa con el desarrollo e impacto de las tecnologías digitales, las TIC. Y son también estas tecnologías las que de forma progresiva se han ido introduciendo en las organizaciones educativas, entre ellas también las de enseñanza superior, tal y como se demuestra en las estadísticas recientes. Este artículo es un ensayo en el cual reflexionamos sobre cómo el contexto tecnológico ha influido en las universidades y sobre el futuro de unas instituciones que necesariamente han de apoyarse en las TIC para sus procesos de gestión y administración, para desarrollar sus labores de investigación y, en tercer lugar, para cumplir con sus fines en tanto que instituciones dedicadas a la formación. Centrándonos de modo específico en la formación, analizamos la actitud de los profesores frente a la innovación apoyada en tecnologías y, por otra parte, la innovación con tecnologías como una estrategia institucional en la que hemos de considerar la política educativa y los factores de carácter organizativo.Information and Communication Society has been developed in direct relation to the development and impact of digital technologies (ICT). And these technologies have been progressively introducing changes in educational organizations, also in higher education as recent statistics show. This article is an essay where we reflect about how the technological environment has influenced universities, so how the future will be in our institutions of higher education. Technologies are key elements for the management, for the research and overall for the teaching, because this last one is the main outcome of the universities. Regarding to these reflections, on one hand we analyze the different attitudes of innovative teachers in the universities and, on the other hand, the innovation supported by ICT as an institutional strategy, where we have to consider educational policies and organizational factors

Acoso y ciberacoso: dos formas de violencia en las escuelas

Introduction to IssueIntroducción al númer

Problematic Smartphone Use in Spanish and Italian University Students

Sustainable education requires the proper usage of technological devices. Among these is the smartphone, which is used by millions of young people around the world in today’s society. The objective of this study was to understand the smartphone usage profile of Spanish and Italian university students. It also aimed to identify possible problematic uses, and the differences in smartphone use (or abuse) between the participating subjects. The study was descriptive and comparative, with the intentional sampling of N = 1412 subjects studying at the education faculties of the University of Alicante (UA) and the Suor Orsola Benincasa University (UNISOB). A previously-validated questionnaire with 27 items was employed during the 2019–20 academic year. The data was analysed using the SPSS 25 programme. Descriptive and inferential analyses were carried out. The results obtained after the analysis of the data indicated that, of the four possible user types—occasional, habitual, at risk, and problematic—more than half of the sample identified themselves as habitual users. It can be concluded that there are significant differences between the universities: the UA students exhibited more problematic use than the UNISOB students. It is therefore necessary to prepare training programmes that are designed to avert problematic behaviours related to smartphone use.This work was supported by the Program Redes-I3CE of the Deputy Vice-Chancellor’s Office for Quality and Innovation of the University of Alicante, under Grant 4676—Smartphones as a resource for initial teacher training. Mobile learning or addiction? Two of the authors belong to the GIDU-EDUTIC/IN Research Group of the University of Alicante (VIGROB-330), and one author belongs to the GITE Research Group of the University of Murcia

Artificial Intelligence for Student Assessment: A Systematic Review

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is being implemented in more and more fields, including education. The main uses of AI in education are related to tutoring and assessment. This paper analyzes the use of AI for student assessment based on a systematic review. For this purpose, a search was carried out in two databases: Scopus and Web of Science. A total of 454 papers were found and, after analyzing them according to the PRISMA Statement, a total of 22 papers were selected. It is clear from the studies analyzed that, in most of them, the pedagogy underlying the educational action is not reflected. Similarly, formative evaluation seems to be the main use of AI. Another of the main functionalities of AI in assessment is for the automatic grading of students. Several studies analyze the differences between the use of AI and its non-use. We discuss the results and conclude the need for teacher training and further research to understand the possibilities of AI in educational assessment, mainly in other educational levels than higher education. Moreover, it is necessary to increase the wealth of research which focuses on educational aspects more than technical development around AI

Rubricas de evaluación en la enseñanza universitaria

[SPA]La evaluación es un elemento esencial del proceso educativo, ya sea por el hecho de que nos permite conocer si los alumnos han conseguido las competencias necesarias para superar una materia o bien porque nos permite valorar la calidad de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y en función de ello, mejorarlos. Siguiendo con estos patrones y tomando el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior como referente queremos exponer los resultados de una experiencia de Innovación Docente llevada a cabo el presente curso académico 2010/2011 con alumnos de último curso de Pedagogía. Es una experiencia que incorpora la evaluación continua del alumno haciendo uso del portafolio electrónico y de rúbricas de evaluación. [ENG]Evaluation is one the most important elements in learning processes because it´s useful to know if students have acquired the competence level to pass a subject or because it´s useful to evaluate quality learning processes and to improve them. In relation whith this and having the european convergence as reference, in this paper we explain our experience of educational innovation developed this academic year 2010/2011 with the population of students of last year of Pedagogy. This experience is about continuos assessment using electronic portfolio and evaluation rubrics.Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Universidad de Murcia, Región de Murci

Smart Learning Environments y ergonomía: una aproximación al estado de la cuestión

Educational technology evolves constantly, in line with the innovative technologies we implement, but always catering for the improvement of teaching and learning. For this, Smart Learning Environments (SLE) emerge as an optimal alternative to traditional teaching as, through ergonomics, an inclusive outlook which is bound to enhance the educational experience of every student is provided. The method utilized is based on a systematic review of the existing literature which has allowed us to analyze in depth a final sample of 19 documents after an initial review of 633, being these all the works published between 2013 and 2019. Therefore, the principal objective of the present work is carrying out an analysis of the state of the art in relation to ergonomics, inclusiveness and the SLE. The analysis of results is performed utilizing a semantic network, generated through atlas.ti. v.8, by means of which 3 categories, 10 codes and 33 quotes are extracted. Namely, the results reveal the emerging nature of the thematic line researched and how ergonomics is linked to inclusiveness and stands out as one of the most defining components when designing an educational proposal based on SLE.La tecnología educativa se ve de forma continua transformada en función de las tecnologías innovadoras que vamos incorporando, pero siempre con la vista puesta en la mejora del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Para ello, los Smart Learning Environments (SLE) se convierten en una alternativa óptima a la enseñanza tradicional, puesto que a través de la ergonomía se brinda una perspectiva inclusiva que mejorará la experiencia educativa de cualquier estudiante. Por lo tanto, el principal objetivo de este trabajo consiste en realizar un análisis del estado del arte en relación con la ergonomía, la inclusión y los SLE. El método utilizado se basa en una revisión sistemática de literatura que nos ha permitido analizar en profundidad una muestra final de 19 documentos tras una revisión inicial de 633, habiendo sido todos los trabajos publicados entre 2013 y 2019. El análisis de los resultados se realiza a través de una red semántica generada con atlas.ti. v.8, a partir de la cual se extraen 3 categorías, 10 códigos y 33 citas. Principalmente, los resultados reflejan el carácter emergente de la línea temática investigada y cómo la ergonomía se relaciona con la inclusión y se posiciona como uno de los principales componentes para diseñar una propuesta educativa basada en los SLE

Experiencias prácticas para el desarrollo de los sistemas educativos en la web semántica

Semantic Web technologies have been applied in educational settings for different purposes in recent years, with the type of application being mainly defined by the way in which knowledge is represented and exploited. The basic technology for knowledge representation in Semantic Web settings is the ontology, which represents a common, shareable and reusable view of a particular application domain. Ontologies can support different activities in educational settings such as organizing course contents, classifying learning objects or assessing learning levels. Consequently, ontologies can become a very useful tool from a pedagogical perspective. This paper focuses on two different experiences where Semantic Web technologies are used in educational settings, the difference between them lying in how knowledge is obtained and represented. On the one hand, the OeLE platform uses ontologies as a support for assessment processes. Such ontologies have to be designed and implemented in semantic languages apt to be used by OeLE. On the other hand, the ENSEMBLE project pursues the development of semantic web applications by creating specific knowledge representations drawn from user needs. Our paper is consequently going to offer an in-depth analysis of the role played by ontologies, showing how they can be used in different ways drawing a comparison between model patterns and examining the ways in which they can complement each other as well as their practical implicationsEn los últimos años las tecnologías de la Web Semántica se han aplicado en entornos educativos para diferentes propósitos. El tipo de aplicación se ha definido principalmente por cómo el conocimiento se ha representado y difundido. La tecnología básica para la representación del conocimiento en la Web Semántica es la ontología. Ésta representa un punto de vista común, compartido y reutilizable, de un dominio de aplicación concreto. Las ontologías pueden servir de apoyo para diversas actividades en entornos educativos, y pueden ser una herramienta muy utilizada desde el punto de vista pedagógico. En este artículo nos centramos en dos experiencias que utilizan las tecnologías de la Web Semántica en entornos educativos: la plataforma OeLE, que utiliza ontologías como apoyo a los procesos de evaluación (que tienen que estar diseñadas e implementadas en lenguajes semánticos que puedan ser utilizados por OeLE); y el proyecto ENSEMBLE, que pretende desarrollar aplicaciones de la Web Semántica al crear representaciones de conocimiento específicas desde las necesidades del usuario. Vamos a analizar, por tanto, el papel de las ontologías y cómo se pueden utilizar de diferentes modos comparando las pautas de modelos y analizando cómo las ontologías pueden complementarse mutuamente y sus implicaciones para la práctica

The Spanish experience of future classrooms as a possibility of smart learning environments

Developing advanced technologies and their integration into educational spaces generates new training opportunities. Examples of these are Future Classrooms (FC) and Smart Learning Environments (SLE), two concepts linked to educational innovation through technology but also have their differences. This paper aims to identify the similarities and differences between FC developed in the Spanish formal educational context concerning the theory of SLE. This study follows an exploratory research methodology using an ad hoc questionnaire applied transversally to a representative sample of teachers involved in the SLE (N = 66). SPSS V. 28 software was used. In relation to the results, some statistics (mean, standard deviation, kurtosis and skewness) were used to analyse the developed FC practices and professional satisfaction. In conclusion, the FC are at an initial stage of development in Spain, and although they could represent an approximation to what would be the practical basis of SLE, there are still several aspects to be developed, especially in relation to the technologies used and the dimension of attention to diversity. In relation to SLE technologies, they are related to the automation of certain processes and include artificial intelligence, learning analytics and sensors, among others. On the other hand, these technologies are not widely used in the FC, and the use of other more conventional technological resources, such as interactive whiteboards, online collaborative environments, LMS platforms, etc. In terms of attention to diversity, despite the existence of initiatives to personalise the learning experience in FC, assistive technologies are not considered, nor is automatic personalisation through certain SLE technologies