MONITOROWANIE HODOWLI KOMÓRKOWYCH W CZASIE RZECZYWISTYM PRZY ZASTOSOWANIU NIKLOWYCH KONDENSATORÓW GRZEBIENIOWYCH

The aim of the study was to present a method for assessing the condition of cell culture by measuring the impedance of cells cultured in the presence of nickel. For this purpose, an impedance measurement technique using nickel comb capacitors was used. The capacitor electrodes were made using a thin film magnetron sputtering. In the experimental part, the culture of cells of mouse fibroblasts on the prepared substrate was performed. The cell culture lasted 43 hours and showed that the presented technique allows it to be used to analyze the effect of nickel on cells.Celem pracy było przedstawienie metody oceny stanu hodowli komórkowej poprzez pomiar impedancji komórek hodowanych w obecności niklu. W tym celu zastosowano technikę pomiaru impedancji z wykorzystaniem niklowych kondensatorów grzebieniowych. Cienkowarstwowe elektrody kondensatora wykonano metodą rozpylania magnetronowego. W części eksperymentalnej przeprowadzono hodowlę komórek mysich fibroblastów na przygotowanym podłożu. Hodowla komórkowa trwała 43 godziny i wykazała, że przedstawiona technika mogłaby być zastosowana do analizy wpływu niklu na komórki

Otyłość chorobą XXI wieku. Najważniejsze czynniki ryzyka – praca przeglądowa

Otyłość jest powszechnie uznawana za wieloczynnikową, przewlekłą chorobę, której występowanie wzrasta w ostatnich latach w zastraszającym tempie. Na podstawie badań Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia (WHO) w 2008 roku 1,4 miliarda osób dorosłych posiadało nadwagę. Spośród tych osób, ponad 200 milionów mężczyzn i ponad 300 milionów kobiet to ludzie otyli. W 2011 roku ponad 40 milionów dzieci powyżej piątego roku życia miało nadwagę. Otyłość wiąże się ze zwiększonym ryzykiem występowania wielu chorób, takich jak choroby serca, nadciśnienie, hiperlipidemia, cukrzyca typu 2 i niektóre nowotwory. Wysoka częstotliwość występowania nadwagi i otyłości wśród dzieci i dorosłych jest przede wszystkim wynikiem indywidualnych zachowań i czynników środowiskowych prowadzących do nadmiernego dostarczania kalorii i nieodpowiedniej ilości aktywności fizycznej. Otyłość jest zazwyczaj wynikiem kombinacji różnych czynników ryzyka, takich jak uwarunkowania genetyczne, brak aktywności fizycznej, dieta, wiek, problemy zdrowotne, przyjmowane leki, czy zmęczenie. Celami pracy jest przedstawienie aktualnej wiedzy na temat tendencji zachorowalności na otyłość oraz przeanalizowanie czynników ryzyka wpływających na występowanie tej choroby

Rola adipokin w zespole metabolicznym, nadwadze i otyłości – praca przeglądowa

Otyłość typu wisceralnego i towarzyszący jej przewlekły stan zapalny to najpoważniejsze przyczyny chorób serca i naczyń, tak w Polsce jak i w innych krajach wysoko uprzemysłowionych. Trzewna tkanka tłuszczowa wykazuje znacznie zwiększoną aktywność metaboliczną i wydziela w tym stanie szereg substancji humoralnych oraz cytokin (adipokin), które inicjują, wzmacniają oraz przyspieszają rozwój wielu zaburzeń metabolicznych, wśród których wymienić należy głównie zaburzenia lipidowe, nieprawidłowe stężenie glukozy czy też nadciśnienie. Wszystkie wymienione zaburzenia w połączeniu z otyłością wisceralną tworzą zespół metaboliczny. W odpowiedzi na niestabilny poziom glukozy oraz podwyższone stężenie insuliny we krwi adipocyty wydzielają m.in. adipokiny (np. leptynę, adiponektynę, wisfatynę, rezystynę), które mogą przyczyniać się do nasilenia insulinooporności tkanek albo też przeciwnie, zwiększania tolerancji glukozy i insulinowrażliwości. Celem pracy jest zidentyfikowanie korelacji pomiędzy poziomem poszczególnych adipokin, a indukcją lub inhibicją schorzeń powiązanych z zespołem metabolicznym, otyłością wisceralną i nadwagą

Effective and complex stimulation of the biodegradation system of fungus Cerrena unicolor by rapeseed meal fermentation

The effect of supplementation of medium with rapeseed meal (RM) on production of biotechnologically important enzymes was investigated in submerged cultures of the white rot fungus Cerrena unicolor. The addition of RM (3.5% w/v) distinctly stimulated the activities of laccase, chitinase, and β-glucosidase. As compared to the control, the activities of chitinase, β-glucosidase, and laccase in the RM supplemented cultures were up to 4.1, 8.4, and 3.9 times higher, respectively. The results of the spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric measurements were additionally confirmed by zymographic analysis of the samples. The level of sugars and phenolic compounds as well as the antioxidative ability of fungal preparations were also determined. The results obtained indicate that the submerged liquid fermentation of rapeseed meal can be proposed as an inexpensive and very effective method for biotechnological production of chitinase, β-glucosidase, and laccase by C. unicolor

Peptides as Potentially Anticarcinogenic Agent from Functional Canned Meat Product with Willow Extract

The aim of the study was to demonstrate canned pork as a functional meat product due to the presence of potentially anti-cancer factors, e.g., (a) bioactive peptides with potential activity against cancer cells; (b) lowering the content of sodium nitrite and with willow herb extract. In silico (for assessing the anticancer potential of peptides) and in vitro (antiproliferation activity on L-929 and CT-26 cell lines) analysis were performed, and the obtained results confirmed the bioactive potential against cancer of the prepared meat product. After 24 h of incubation with peptides obtained from meat product containing lyophilized herb extract at a concentration of 150 mg/kg, the viability of both tested cell lines was slightly decreased to about 80% and after 72 h to about 40%. On the other hand, after 72 h of incubation with the peptides obtained from the variant containing 1000 mg/kg of freeze-dried willow herb extract, the viability of intestinal cancer cells was decreased to about 40%, while, by comparison, the viability of normal cells was decreased to only about 70%

Effect of exopolysaccharide from Ganoderma applanatum on the electrical properties of mouse fibroblast cells line L929 culture using an electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) – Preliminary study

Introduction In recent years there has been intensified research on medicinal preparations of fungal origin. Some fungal polysaccharides may directly affect the inhibition of cancer cells proliferation which, stopping the cell cycle, leads to apoptosis. One of these substances (component of extract of Ganoderma spp) is extensively tested for its anti-cancer properties on the tumor cell lines. Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) is an in vitro impedance measuring system using alternating current (AC) to determinate the behaviour of the cells in physiological conditions. Objective The aim of the study was to examine the electric properties (resistance, capacitance and impedance) of mouse fibroblasts cell line L929 after treatment by different concentration of crude exopolysaccharides from Ganoderma applanatum (GpEPS) in real time by ECIS technique. Material and Methods For the study, the L929 cell line culture was treated by different concentrations of GpEPS: C1=228.5 µg/mL; C2=22.85 µg/mL; C3=2.285 µg/mL; C4=0.2285 µg/mL; and C5=0.02285 µg/mL. Default optimal frequencies were used: Resistance (R) 4000Hz, Impedance (Z) 16000Hz, Capacitance (C) 64000Hz. Results The study demonstrated that GpEPS had no significant effect on the resistance, capacitance and impedance cells cultures, which implies that there is no significant effect on the physiological processes of L929 fibroblasts. This indicates the possibility of using GpEPS preparation in anti-cancer therapy. Conclusions In the future, following further studies (comprising in preventive and therapeutic actions), GpEPS can be safely used in anti-cancer therapy which does not cause side-effects or damage to healthy cells

Effect of exopolysaccharide from Ganoderma applanatum on the electrical properties of mouse fibroblast cells line L929 culture using an electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) – Preliminary study

Introduction In recent years there has been intensified research on medicinal preparations of fungal origin. Some fungal polysaccharides may directly affect the inhibition of cancer cells proliferation which, stopping the cell cycle, leads to apoptosis. One of these substances (component of extract of Ganoderma spp) is extensively tested for its anti-cancer properties on the tumor cell lines. Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) is an in vitro impedance measuring system using alternating current (AC) to determinate the behaviour of the cells in physiological conditions. Objective The aim of the study was to examine the electric properties (resistance, capacitance and impedance) of mouse fibroblasts cell line L929 after treatment by different concentration of crude exopolysaccharides from Ganoderma applanatum (GpEPS) in real time by ECIS technique. Material and Methods For the study, the L929 cell line culture was treated by different concentrations of GpEPS: C1=228.5 µg/mL; C2=22.85 µg/mL; C3=2.285 µg/mL; C4=0.2285 µg/mL; and C5=0.02285 µg/mL. Default optimal frequencies were used: Resistance (R) 4000Hz, Impedance (Z) 16000Hz, Capacitance (C) 64000Hz. Results The study demonstrated that GpEPS had no significant effect on the resistance, capacitance and impedance cells cultures, which implies that there is no significant effect on the physiological processes of L929 fibroblasts. This indicates the possibility of using GpEPS preparation in anti-cancer therapy. Conclusions In the future, following further studies (comprising in preventive and therapeutic actions), GpEPS can be safely used in anti-cancer therapy which does not cause side-effects or damage to healthy cells

Monitoring vital functions of A-375 melanoma cell cultures via thin-film nickel capacitors

This article deals in the constantly developing branch of microelectronic devices used in various fields of medicine, i.e. diagnostics and treatment of previously incurable human diseases. A method for assessing and monitoring the vital functions of living cells by measuring cellular impedance in real-time using the ECIS® system and a commercial culture substrate is presented. The goal was to develop a substrate significantly less expensive than a commercial substrate that would be suitable for multiple uses and compatible with the ECIS® measurement station. Moreover, thanks to the use of a material with electrochemical properties other than the biocompatible material (gold or platinum) it is possible to observe the cells behavior with regard to the toxic agent. For this purpose, a culture substrate with nickel comb capacitors was used. To make the electrodes, a thin metal layer was sputtered on polycarbonate plates in the magnetron sputtering process. Prior to the next stages, technological masks were designed so as to fit in the ECIS® measuring station. Subsequently, the microelectronic processes of photolithography and etching the metal layer were performed. Finally, the wells were glued onto the culture medium with a biocompatible adhesive. The completed substrates were transferred to the Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, for the culture test on A-375 human melanoma cells. The results of the experiment determined the usefulness of the device for monitoring cell culture vital functions by means of impedance measurement

Can Dietary Actives Affect miRNAs and Alter the Course or Prevent Colorectal Cancer?

Colorectal cancer is a diet-related cancer. There is much research into the effects of nutrients on the prevention, modulation, and treatment of colorectal cancer. Researchers are trying to find a correlation between epidemiological observations indicating certain dietary components as the originator in the process of developing colorectal cancer, such as a diet rich in saturated animal fats, and dietary components that could eliminate the impact of harmful elements of the daily nutritional routine, i.e., substances such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, curcumin, or resveratrol. Nevertheless, it is very important to understand the mechanisms underlying how food works on cancer cells. In this case, microRNA (miRNA) seems to be a very significant research target. MiRNAs participate in many biological processes connected to carcinogenesis, progression, and metastasis. However, this is a field with development prospects ahead. In this paper, we review the most significant and well-studied food ingredients and their effects on various miRNAs involved in colorectal cancer

Biological Activity of an Epilobium angustifolium L. (Fireweed) Infusion after In Vitro Digestion

The biological activity of an in vitro digested infusion of Epilobium angustifolium (fireweed) was examined in a model system of intestinal epithelial and colon cancer tissues. The content of selected phenolic compounds in the digested aqueous extract of fireweed was determined using HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. Biological activity was examined using the human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines HT-29 and CaCo-2 and the human colon epithelial cell line CCD 841 CoTr. Cytotoxicity was assessed by an MTT assay, a Neutral Red uptake assay, May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining, and a label-free Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing cytotoxicity assay. The effect of the infusion on the growth of selected intestinal bacteria was also examined. The extract inhibited the growth of intestinal cancer cells HT-29. This effect can be attributed to the activity of quercetin and kaempferol, which were the most abundant phenolic compounds found in the extract after in vitro digestion. The cytotoxicity of the fireweed infusion was dose-dependent. The highest decrease in proliferation (by almost 80%) compared to the control was observed in HT-29 line treated with the extract at a concentration of 250 μg/mL. The fireweed infusion did not affect the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria, but it did significantly inhibit E. coli. The cytotoxic effect of the fireweed extract indicates that it does not lose its biological activity after in vitro digestion. It can be concluded that the fireweed infusion has the potential to be used as a supporting agent in colon cancer therapy