Reverse-correlating mental representations of sex-typed bodies: the effect of number of trials on image quality

Sex categorization is a critical process in social perception. While psychologists have long theorized that perceivers have distinct mental representations of men and women that help them to achieve efficient sex categorizations, researchers have only recently begun using reverse-correlation to visualize the content of these mental representations. The present research addresses two issues concerning this relatively new methodological tool. First, previous studies of reverse-correlation have focused almost exclusively on perceivers' mental representations of faces. Our study demonstrates that this technique can also be used to visualize mental representations of sex-typed bodies. Second, most studies of reverse-correlation have employed a relatively large number of trials (1000+) to capture perceivers' mental representations of a given category. Our study demonstrated that, at least for sex-typed representations of bodies, high quality reverse-correlation images can be obtained with as few as 100 trials. Overall, our findings enhance knowledge of reverse-correlation methodology in general and sex categorization in particular, providing new information for researchers interested in using this technique to understand the complex processes underlying social perception

Continuación del programa de desarrollo de habilidades interpersonales en una empresa de servicio de transporte: manejo de conflictos y negociación

El nombre del proyecto de este PAP es Continuación del programa de desarrollo de habilidades interpersonales en una empresa de servicio de trasporte: Manejo de Conflictos y Negociación y el propósito general se basa en su relación con dos PAP’s anteriores. En el PAP de otoño 2021 el proyecto con el que se trabajó fue: “Realización de un diagnóstico para tipificar la cultura organizacional, en una empresa dedicada al transporte de personal, con el objetivo de fortalecer su proceso de cambio estratégico”. El propósito general fue diagnosticar la cultura organizacional de la empresa. Esta intervención fue la primera que la empresa tuvo con la universidad. Después de esto en el PAP de primavera 2022 se seleccionaron los temas a través de una reunión del equipo PAP junto con un grupo de colaboradores de la empresa, tales como la directora general y la coordinadora del talento humano. Se decidió de manera conjunta, que la empresa requiere darle continuación a las acciones pasadas para abordar las problemáticas en las áreas de comunicación efectiva, liderazgo y trabajo en equipo, además de que se requiere la capacitación para el manejo del conflicto y la capacidad de negociación por parte de los colaboradores. Durante este PAP nos enfocamos en brindar talleres abordando principalmente los últimos dos temas. Los talleres se impartieron a 4 grupos de dos sesiones cada uno. Además de esto, se dio continuación a un grupo del PAP de primavera 2022 abordando los temas de comunicación, liderazgo y trabajo en equipo.ITESO, A.C

Food insecurity in Piura, Peru, in the context of post-earthquake and the COVID-19 pandemic

IntroductionPiura, located in a seismic zone, faces challenges related to food security. The aim of this study was to analyze aspects related to food insecurity in the region following the 6.1-magnitude earthquake that occurred in 2021, within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA secondary analysis was performed in 177 people exposed to the earthquake in Piura. Food insecurity was assessed with the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Its association with insomnia, resilience, anxiety/depressive symptoms, and general variables were determined using generalized linear models.ResultsFood insecurity was observed in 31.1% (95% CI: 24.3–38.4) of participants. This prevalence was higher in people with mild (PR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.12–2.70) and moderate (PR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.09–2.22) anxiety symptoms, severe depressive symptoms (PR: 2.74, 95% CI: 1.24–6.03), and previous exposure to the El Niño Phenomenon (PR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.06–2.81). An income higher than 5000 Peruvian soles (approximately 1300 US dollars) was associated with a lower prevalence of food insecurity (PR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.13–0.40).ConclusionsOverall, three out of 10 individuals experienced food insecurity after the 2021 earthquake in Piura. Food insecurity may be aggravated by mental disorders, previous exposure to the El Niño phenomenon, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study contributes to the field by exploring a range of variables related to food insecurity in a unique context: post-earthquake and during the COVID-19 health emergency in Peru. These findings enhance our understanding of food insecurity at the regional level and highlight the need for preventive food security programs in seismic events

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

¿Qué es el arte? Programa Diálogos del Pensamiento 136

Las razones que llevan a hacer arte dependen del contexto, y estas pueden ir desde la búsqueda de validación oficial, transmitir un discurso o pensamiento propio, preservar tradiciones ancestrales o incluso criticar algo. En esta primera emisión dialogamos con Mariana Aguirre, Directora del laboratorio Sensorial de Guadalajara y con Magnolia Sanabria, Profesora Investigadora de la Universidad Pedagógica en Colombia acerca de la producción artística en dos esferas que en primera instancia se antojan lejanas, para luego descubrir sus confluencias. Por un lado el arte contemporáneo, ese que surge de las filas interminables de Licenciados en artes o inspirados que configuran productos elitistas que pocas veces son capaces de comunicar su discurso y sentido fuera de un círculo de especialistas y entendidos. Por el otro las artes populares, muchas veces amenazadas con desaparecer frente a la globalización y la incursión de la manufactura china, mientras la población deja de identificarlas como parte importante de su memoria colectiva. ¿Cómo interpretar y comprender el arte de nuestro tiempo? Siempre con la consideración de que lo que actualmente consideramos arte en otros momentos de la historia es posible que no hayan sido recibidas de la mejor manera, nos lleva a preguntarnos sobre si ¿el arte contemporáneo, ese lleno de figuras y materiales extraños, muchas veces en soportes novedosos que parecen incomprensibles para un sector amplio de la población, serán considerados las obras maestras de nuestro presente en algún futuro cercano

Embarazo adolescente: escenarios y costos sociales. Programa Diálogos del Pensamiento 186

Iniciamos la Díada Comerse la torta antes del recreo. Embarazo Adolescente y nos acompañaron en cabina: el psicólogo José Antonio García Ibarra, el médico cirujano Tomás Acevedo Ruíz y el maestro en educación Luis Enrique Ureña Jara. Donde analizamos cómo el contexto sociocultural es determinante para que los adolescentes estén preparados para atravesar la etapa natural en que iniciarán su vida sexual y evitar que vivan la maternidad y paternidad sin haberse desarrollado cognitivamente lo necesario. Se requiere una serie de cambio de paradigmas en la sociedad y generar estrategias de educación sexual adolescentes desde las instituciones; y por parte de cada familia, desmitificar hablar de sexo con los hijos. ¿Cuáles son los factores asociados con el embarazo en adolescentes? ¿Qué papel juegan la escuela y la comunicación con la familia? ¿Cuáles son los costos sociales de la fecundidad en adolescentes? ¿Qué escenarios suelen presentarse en el ambiente familiar y escolar cuando se da una situación de embarazo

The genomic sequence of Exiguobacterium chiriqhucha str. N139 reveals a species that thrives in cold waters and extreme environmental conditions

We report the genome sequence of Exiguobacterium chiriqhucha str. N139, isolated from a high-altitude Andean lake. Comparative genomic analyses of the Exiguobacterium genomes available suggest that our strain belongs to the same species as the previously reported E. pavilionensis str. RW-2 and Exiguobacterium str. GIC 31. We describe this species and propose the chiriqhucha name to group them. ‘Chiri qhucha’ in Quechua means ‘cold lake’, which is a common origin of these three cosmopolitan Exiguobacteria. The 2,952,588-bp E. chiriqhucha str. N139 genome contains one chromosome and three megaplasmids. The genome analysis of the Andean strain suggests the presence of enzymes that confer E. chiriqhucha str. N139 the ability to grow under multiple environmental extreme conditions, including high concentrations of different metals, high ultraviolet B radiation, scavenging for phosphorous and coping with high salinity. Moreover, the regulation of its tryptophan biosynthesis suggests that novel pathways remain to be discovered, and that these pathways might be fundamental in the amino acid metabolism of the microbial community from Laguna Negra, Argentina

Revista esencia y espacio

Arquitectur