Association of Epicardial Fat with Metabolic Syndrome in Indian Population

Introduction: Visceral obesity and dyslipidemia are the two most commonly occurring components of the metabolic syndrome. Epicardial fat is a true visceral adipose tissue deposited around the heart and has characteristics of a high insulin-resistant tissue. Material and methods: The study included 66 subjects (33 cases and 33 controls). Epicardial fat thickness was measured by echocardiography on the free wall of the right ventricle from both parasternal long- and short-axis views and anthropometric and biochemical parameters were recorded. Results: Range of epicardial fat thickness varied between 0.8 to 7.3 mm. The normal cutoff value is considered to be between 1 to 4 mm. The mean epicardial fat thickness was found to be 4.3 ± 1.83 mm (mean ± standard deviation) in females and 3.5 ± 1.18 mm in males amongst the cases, and 2.4 ± 1.33 mm in females and 2.2 ± 1.02 mm in males in the control group. Epicardial fat thickness was higher in the patients with metabolic syndrome as compared to controls. There was a statistical significant correlation between epicardial adipose tissue and body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides and homeostasis model for assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA IR). Conclusion: Our data showed that epicardial adipose tissue measured by echocardiography is related to the main anthropometric and clinical parameters of metabolic syndrome which was the objective of our study. Epicardial adipose tissue measurement could be an important tool to increase the knowledge of metabolic syndrome on epidemiological basis

Delayed Diagnosis of Hemophilia B Presenting with Hematemesis

A 36-year-old nonalcoholic gentleman presented with history of moderate-amount hematemesis. He received multiple blood transfusions. upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was done which showed no evidence of varices, but a tiny bleeding ulcer was seen in lower end of esophagus; sclerosing agent was injected at the base of ulcer. All the blood investigations were normal. A diagnosis of Dieulafoy’s lesion was made. After two months, he developed hemarthrosis after sustaining injury in right knee. Again investigations were done and coagulation profile revealed raised activated partial thromboplastin time and normal prothrombin time. Factor VIII and IX assay were sent in view of raised aPTT. Factor VIII and IX was 120% and 4% of normal respectively. Von Willebrand factor levels were within normal limits. Revised diagnosis of moderate hemophilia B was made

Systemic Variety of Anaplastic Large - Cell Lymphoma

We present a case report of a patient with very aggressive course of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. The patient had nonspecific complaints of easy fatigability and progressive breathlessness and had generalized lymphadenopathy. Initial investigations revealed pancytopenia. Bone marrow examination revealed presence of atypical cells. Liver biopsy showed portal tracts infiltrated by atypical lymphoid cells. Fine-needle aspiration of the lymph node finally confirmed anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. Patient succumbed to the illness

Detection of Wormhole Attack using Hop-count and Time delay Analysis

Abstract- MANET, due to the nature of wireless transmission, has more security issues compared to wired environments. In this paper we specifically considering Tunneling attack which does not require exploiting any nodes in the network and can interfere with the route establishment process. Instead of detecting suspicious routes as in previous methods, we implement a new method which detects the attacker nodes and works without modification of protocol, using a hop-count and time delay analysis from the viewpoint of users without any special environment assumptions. The proposed work is simulated using OPNET and results showing the advantages of proposed work. Index Terms- Ad hoc network, hop-count analysis, network security, Tunneling attack

Effect of application of some organic amendments on soil properties, extractable micronutrients and their chemical fractions in a sandy loam soil

In a 120-day incubation study, farmyard manure (FYM), mushroom compost (MC), poultry manure (PM), vermi-compost (VC), biogas slurry (BS) and biochar from Lantana sp.; a common weed (BC) each added at 15 t ha-1 significantly increased soil electrical conductivity and organic C content, however, only VC failed to increase soil organic C content significantly but increased soil pH when compared with the control sample. Among organic amendments, FYM, MC, VC and BS increased DTPA-extractable Zn and Mn in soil significantly when compared with the control sample, while BC was significantly effective in regard to increasing both DTPA-extractable Mn and hot water soluble B when compared with the control sample. Application of FYM and MC significantly increased DTPA-extractable Cu and Fe, respectively when compared with the control sample. Simple correlation and path coefficient analysis were performed to identify key chemical fractions of micronutrients in soil having the direct and indirect effects on availability of micronutrients in organically amended soils. Based on soil extractable concentrations of micronutrients in organically amended soils, FYM appeared to be the best source of Zn, Cu and Mn, while MC could serve as the best source of Fe. Biochar from Lantana sp. may serve as a good source of B

Minocycline, levodopa and MnTMPyP induced changes in the mitochondrial proteome profile of MPTP and maneb and paraquat mice models of Parkinson's disease

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction is the foremost perpetrator of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration leading to Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the roles played by majority of the mitochondrial proteins in PD pathogenesis have not yet been deciphered. The present study investigated the effects of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and combined maneb and paraquat on the mitochondrial proteome of the nigrostriatal tissues in the presence or absence of minocycline, levodopa and manganese (III) tetrakis (1-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin (MnTMPyP). The differentially expressed proteins were identified and proteome profiles were correlated with the pathological and biochemical anomalies induced by MPTP and maneb and paraquat. MPTP altered the expression of twelve while combined maneb and paraquat altered the expression of fourteen proteins. Minocycline, levodopa and MnTMPyP, respectively, restored the expression of three, seven and eight proteins in MPTP and seven, eight and eight proteins in maneb- and paraquat-treated groups. Although levodopa and MnTMPyP rescued from MPTP- and maneb- and paraquat-mediated increase in the microglial activation and decrease in manganese-superoxide dismutase expression and complex I activity, dopamine content and number of dopaminergic neurons, minocycline defended mainly against maneb- and paraquat-mediated alterations. The results demonstrate that MPTP and combined maneb and paraquat induce mitochondrial dysfunction and microglial activation and alter the expression of a bunch of mitochondrial proteins leading to the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration and minocycline, levodopa or MnTMPyP variably offset scores of such changes

Evaluation of metabolic status and milk compositions of indigenous cattle with subclinical mastitis and its amelioration by nutritional supplementations

Indigenous cattle that were in early lactation and positive for subclinical mastitis were allocated into 2 groups; one group was administered with nutrional supplements (50 g mixture of vitamins A, D, E and thiamine, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, biotin, niacin, trisodium citrate dihydrate, methionine, manganese, copper, zinc, cobalt, selenium and live yeasts orally daily for 7 days), while other was kept as negative control. Milk composition of mastitic milk and metabolic status of affected cows were evaluated at day 0 and day 7 post-therapy. On day 0, remarkable alteration in milk composition as well as in metabolic status of affected animals was recorded in comparison to the healthy control. However, the altered nutrional panels as well as milk compositions were ameliorated toward normalcy at day 7 post-therapy in mastitic cows administered with nutrional supplements. At day 7 post-therapy, remarkable improvements in somatic cell count was also recorded in these cows when compared with day 0 values within the group, but the values were still significantly higher than the healthy control. Thus, subclinical mastitis in indigenous cattle could bestow remarkable alterations in milk compositions and metabolic status. The altered metabolic panels and milk compositions can be ameliorated toward normalcy by administering nutritional supplements

High yield synthesis of electrolyte heating assisted electrochemically exfoliated graphene for electromagnetic interference shielding applications

Herein, we demonstrate a facile one pot synthesis of graphene nanosheets by electrochemical exfoliation of graphite. In the present study, we report a significant increase in the yield of graphene by electrolyte heating assisted electrochemical exfoliation method. The obtained results of heating assisted electrochemically exfoliated graphene (utilizing H2SO4 + KOH + DW) synthesis clearly exhibit that the yield increases similar to 4.5 times i.e. from similar to 17% (room temperature) to similar to 77% (at 80 degrees C). A plausible mechanism for the enhanced yield based on lattice expansion and vibration of intercalated ions has been put forward and discussed in details. The quality of graphene was examined by Raman, XPS, FTIR, AFM, SEM, TEM/HRTEM and TGA techniques. The Raman as well as morphogenesis results confirm the quality of the graphene nanosheets. We have used this graphene as electromagnetic interference shielding material where a comparatively large quantity of graphene is required. This graphene exhibits enhanced shielding effectiveness (46 dB at 1 mm thickness of stacked graphene sheets in frequency region 12.4 to 18 GHz) as compared to conventional electromagnetic interference shielding materials, which is greater than the recommended limit (similar to 30 dB) for techno-commercial applications. Thus the present work is suggestive for future studies on enhancement of yield of high quality graphene by proposed method and the use of synthesized graphene in electromagnetic interference shielding and other possible applications