การศึกษาเปรียบเทียบทักษะการพิมพ์สัมผัสของนักศึกษาครุศาสตร์เครื่องกล ไฟฟ้า และโยธา ในคณะครุศาสตร์อุตสาหกรรม มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าพระนครเหนือจากบทเรียนคอมพิวเตอร์ช่วยสอนการฝึกพิมพ์สัมผัสระบบโสต-ทัศน์-วจนะ

The purposes of this study were to 1) develop a computer-assisted instruction on Sight-Sound and Speech System for touch-typing skill practice of English and Thai languages, to 2) validate the efficiency of the CAI, to 3) compare the mean scores of the tough-typing skill before and after training of both languages, to 4) compare the touch-typing skill mean score of Mechanical Electrical and Civil Students, to 5) compare the skill durability between Mechanical, Electrical and Civil Students, to 6) analyze the correlation of the scores obtained from the scholastic aptitude test and the touch-typing skill test for English and Thai languages. The research design was one group pre and post test. The sample was used 21 voluntary freshmen, each of 7 students from the Mechanical, Electrical and Civil Engineering Departments, Faculty of Technical Education, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok. The instruments were used a computer-assisted instruction package on 3S touch-typing practice of English and Thai languages, pre and post tests and a scholastic aptitude test. To develop the CAI package, the frequency of alphabets and words used in the 15 outstanding theses in the 3 fields of Engineering was counted. Alphabets were counted by the Character Frequency Analyzer software, using Xampp Control Panel so that the lessons and the exercise after each lesson could be provided. The lessons were arranged from the most to least frequent alphabets appeared. Macromedia Flash, Sound Recorder, Cool Edit 2000 and Adobe Audition. The research results were as follows. 1) There were 13 Thai typing lessons and 10 English typing lessons in the constructed CAI package and the time spent on typing practice was one hour per lesson. 2) The efficiency of CAI was 89.66/93.75 for Thai and 87.53/90.95 for English lessons. 3) The mean scores of both Thai and English languages gained from the post-test were higher than the pre-test with the significant level of .01. 4) The mean scores comparison of Mechanical, Electrical and Civil students was significantly different in terms of both languages and the gained typing skills for Thai and English were 18.75 and 22.74 Gross Word a Minute. 5) The decreasing of the touch-typing skills after the end of training 2 weeks signified that the skills decreased 2.02 % for Thai and 1.26 % for English language which were significantly different at the level of .05. 6) The correlation between the scores obtained from the scholastic aptitude test and from the touch-typing skill test, was 0.62 for the Thai language and 0.58 for the English language

Epidemiologic Study of Cervical Swab Culture in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membrane (PPROM) at Ramathibodi Hospital

ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence and results of cervical swab culture in pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membrane (PPROM) at Ramathibodi Hospital and their management. Study design Retrospective descriptive study. SettingDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University. Subjects161 pregnant women who were diagnosed as PPROM and admitted into labor room at Ramathibodi Hospital during January 2003 and September 2006. Main outcomes Rate of cervical swab culture among cases of PPROM, types of organisms found and management compared with management protocol of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ramathibodi Hospital. ResultsCervical swab culture was done in 64.7% of pregnant women with PPROM and 82% of cases received antibiotics. The most common organism was Gardnerella vaginalis (34.8%). Group B Streptococcus (GBS) colonization was found in 6.8% of cases. One case of newborn was dead from GBS infection. ConclusionThe rate of GBS colonization was low in comparison with other studies. The rate of performing swab culture and prescribing antibiotics were not consistent with management protocol of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ramathibodi Hospital. Management protocol should be improved in system implementation and compliance of personnel

Coital Experience Among Adolescents in Three Social-Educational Groups in Urban Chiang Mai, Thailand

This article compares coital experience of Chiang Mai 17–20-year-olds who were: (1) out-of-school; (2) studying at vocational schools; and (3) studying at general schools or university. Four-fifths, two-thirds and one-third, respectively, of males in these groups had had intercourse, compared to 53, 62 and 15 per cent of females. The gender difference for general school/university students, but not vocational school students, probably reflects HIV/AIDS refocusing male sexual initiation away from commercial sex workers. Vocational school females may have been disproportionately affected. Loss of virginity was associated, for both sexes, with social-educational background and lifestyle, and was less likely in certain minority ethnic groups. Among males, it was also associated with age and parental marital dissolution, and among females, with independent living and parental disharmony. Within social-educational groups, lifestyle variables dominated, but among general school/university students, parental marital dissolution (for males) and disharmony (for females) were also important, and Chinese ethnicity deterred male sexual experimentation