STABILITY-INDICATING REVERSED-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF METHYLCOBALAMIN, ALPHA-LIPOIC ACID, PYRIDOXINE HCL, AND FOLIC ACID IN BULK AND COMBINED DOSAGE FORM

Objectives: The purpose of the research is to develop a simple, precise, economical, accurate, reproducible, and sensitive method for the estimation of methylcobalamin, alpha-lipoic acid, pyridoxine hydrochloride, and folic acid drug product by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method.Methods: New analytical method was developed for the estimation of methylcobalamin, alpha-lipoic acid, pyridoxine hydrochloride, and folic acid in drug product by RP-HPLC. The chromatographic separation was achieved on the Inertsil C18, 250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm at ambient temperature. The separation achieved employing a mobile phase consists of buffer (added 5.05 g hexane-1-sulfonic acid is dissolved into 1000 mL of distilled water):acetonitrile in the ratio of 10:90% v/v. The flow rate was 1 mL/min and UV-visible spectrophotometer at 285 nm. The average retention time for methylcobalamin, alpha-lipoic acid, pyridoxine hydrochloride, and folic acid was found to be 3.5, 6.7, 8.5, and 9.3, respectively.Results: The developed method was validated as per ICH guidelines. All validation parameters were within the acceptable ranges. The assay methods were found to be linear from 0 to 2130 μg/mL for methylcobalamin, 0 to 142.5 μg/mL for alpha-lipoic acid, 0–4.54 μg/mL for pyridoxine hydrochloride, and 0–2 μg/mL for folic acid. The correlation coefficient was 0.999 for all drugs, respectively. The mean percentage values for the developed method were found to be within the range of 98–100.6%. The developed method was also found to be robust.Conclusion: It is concluded that developed method was accurate, precise, linear, reproducible, robust, and sensitive

Clinical Predictors for Early Post Operative Urinary Retention: A Cohort study

OBJECTIVES : The aim and objectives of this study is to 1. Determine the prevalence of post-operative urinary retention in patients who had pelvic reconstructive surgery. 2. Study the clinical predictors for early post-operative urinary retention. METHODS : This study is as an observational cohort study. This study is approved by institutional review board. Study is done among the patients who underwent pelvic reconstructive surgery in Christian Medical College, Vellore between August 2014 and July2015. Informed written consent is taken from all the patients. The following clinical predictors are studied: Age, body mass index, menopausal status, size of genital hiatus, degree of prolapse, tone of levator ani muscle, pre-operative post void residue, type of anaesthesia, type and technique of surgery, operation time and intra-operative blood loss. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Patients who are planned for pelvic reconstructive surgery which include pelvic floor repair with or without vaginal hysterectomy and vault prolapse repair. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Patients with POP who are planned for hysterectomy with concomitant mid urethral sling surgeries and those who require long term catheterization due to intra operative complications. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS : Prevalence of POUR was given as a percentage and 95% confidence interval for the prevalence was estimated. Descriptive of continuous covariates and categorical risk factors are presented with mean (SD) and frequencies (%) respectively. Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test is used to assess the association between the clinical predictors and early post-operative urinary retention in univariate analysis. Clinical predictors which are significant at less than 0.10 level of significance in univariate analysis are taken into multiple logistic regressions to assess its independent association with early post-operative urinary retention. p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant in multiple logistic regression to indicate the corresponding risk factor as an independent predictor.Association of risk factors with post-operative urinary retention in multiple logistic regression were presented with odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval. RESULT AND CONCLUSION : Prevalence of POUR following pelvic reconstructive surgery is 13.8 %. Covert retention is seen in 55.55% of the patients while 44.44% of patients had overt retention. All the eleven variables: stage of prolapse, age, BMI, menopause, size of genital hiatus, tone of LAM, pre-operative PVR, anaesthesia, type of surgery, operation time, and intra-operative blood loss are statistically insignificant as predictors for early post operative urinary retention. Patients with stage 3 POP (OR: 0.29) had low risk for POUR when compared to patients with stage 1 and 2 POP (OR: 1). Patients who are overweight (OR: 2.29) have higher risk for POUR than patients with normal BMI (OR: 1). This is however not statistically significant

Modelling, Analysis, Fabrication and Experimental Testing of Leaf Spring Material by Hybrid Composite Materials with Natural Fiber for Electric Vehicle

Present automobiles are running with the help of fuel. But in the future, electricity plays a significant role. The generation upgrading into electricity as the main source. Leaf springs are used for suspension for automobiles. These leaf springs are manufactured with stainless steel material. This is heavy in weight, which is one of the limitations for consuming of fuel. If this material is used in electric vehicle, it consumes more electricity. To overcome this issue the material is replaced with composites. The primary goal of this endeavour is to achieve weight rebates without diminishing in reliability. A parametric study of the leaf spring by varying the three-dimensional parameters will be carried out. Fabrication of the composite specimen is based upon the ASTM standard. Modelling and analysis of composite leaf spring with SOLIDWORKS and ANSYS WORKBENCH software. Epoxy resin and E- glass fibre is reinforced with various fractions of Prosopis Juliflora (Throne powder) composites were falsification by hand layup technique. The fabricated composite material in the form of plate were cut into corresponding profiles as per ASTM standard. The objective is to examine the Stress, Strain, Deformation, Physical property, Mechanical properties, Thermal property of composite leaf spring with that of steel, CFRP

UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ALPRAZOLAM AND MEBEVERINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN BULK DRUG AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION

A simple, accurate, precise, sensitive, rapid and economical spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of Alprazolam (ALP) and Mebeverine HCl (MBH) in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulation. The estimation of these drugs was carried out by using 0.1M HCl as a solvent. The wavelength maxima for Alprazolam and Mebeverine HCl were found to be 262.3 nm and 222.5 nm. The linearity range was observed in the concentration range of 3-15 µg/ml for both drugs and regression equation was found to be for ALP 0.0565x+0.0138 and for MBH 0.049x-0.0126. Percentage recoveries for Alprazolam and Mebeverine HCl were found to be 99.84% and 99.47% respectively. % RSD values for Intra-day precision were found to be for ALP 1.18% and for MBH 0.59%. Inter-day precision %RSD values were found to be for ALP 0.94% and for MBH 0.69%. LOD was found to be for ALP 1.42 (µg/ml) and for MBH 2.1542 (µg/ml). LOQ was found to be for ALP 4.3242 (µg/ml) and for MBH 6.5442 (µg/ml). The %Assay of Alprazolam and Mebeverine HCl were found to be 99.20% and 100.02% respectively. Statistical analysis proved that the developed method can be successfully used for simultaneous analysis of Alprazolam and Mebeverne HCl in pure and tablet dosage forms

A Novel Approach For Large-Scale D ata Processing Platform On Peer- To- Peer Based Bestpeer++

We introduce BestPeer++, a framework which conveys versatile information sharing administrations for corporate system applications in the cloud taking into account BestPeer—a distributed (P2P) based information administration stage. By incorporating distributed computing, database, and P2P innovations into one framework, BestPeer++provides a sparing, adaptable and versatile stage for corporate system applications and conveys information sharing administrations to members taking into account the broadly acknowledged pay-as-you-go plan of action. We assess BestPeer++ on Amazon EC2 Cloud stage. The benchmarking results demonstrate that BestPeer++ beats HadoopDB, an as of late proposed substantial scale information preparing framework, in execution when both frameworks are utilized to handle normal corporate system workloads

Preparation and Evaluation of Curcumin Invasomes

Curcumin has poor aqueous solubility and has bioavailability problems. Hence in the present study the solubility of curcumin was increased by complexing with cyclodextrin (CD) and Hydroxy propyl β cyclodextrin(HPβCD). This complex was incorporated in to invasomes and then into HPMC gel to prepare as a transdermal formulation. Curcumin cyclodextrin complexes were prepared by physical mixture and co-precipitation method. Different formulations of invasomes containing 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 % of limonene, fenchone, nerolidol  were prepared using mechanical dispersion technique. Invasomes were characterized for vesicular size, surface morphology, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency and percutaneous permeation. Formulations CHL1 and CHL2 were optimized for further studies. It was found in the study that complexation with HPβCD in 1:2 proportion prepared by co-precipitation method was found to bind 90% of curcumin. Invasomal preparation with 0.5% limonene, 4% ethanol was found to enhance permeation by 8.11 times the control. In vivo diffusion studies were conducted using franz diffusion cell, ex vivo skin permeation studies of CHL1 using rat abdominal skin showed cumulative drug permeated (Q24­) of 70.32 µg/cm2, steady state transdermal flux of 3.344 µg/cm2/hr-1, permeability coefficient of 5.35 cm/hr and lag time of 1 hr when compared with control formulation. From the results it was concluded that the solubility of curcumin was increased by complexing with HPβCD and invasomal preparation with 0.5% limonene has improved the permeation through the skin

Assessment of Mechanical Property of Ti-5Ta-2Nb and 304L SS Explosive Clad and Correlation with Microstructure

AbstractSpent fuel reprocessing plants of FBRs require advanced structural materials for service in aggressive conditions. Ti-5Ta-2Nb is a candidate structural material for electrolytic dissolver whereas 304L SS is used for rest of the plant. ‘Zero failure’ requirement for the process vessels necessitated the development of defect free explosive clad between Ti-5Ta-2Nb and 304L SS. The paper deals with the investigations carried out on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the explosive clads, and modification in microstructure on subsequent thermal exposure. The structural integrity of the clad as a consequence of these structure-property changes is also discussed in the paper

ATOMIC-SCALE FINITE ELEMENT OF POST BUCKLING CNT’S

This paper illustrates an atomic-scale finite element method AFEM to study the post buckling behavior of Carbon Nano Tubes CNTs. The computed energy curves and critical strain for the (8, 0) single-walled CNT SWNT agree with atomistic simulations. The AFEM is very fast and flexible outstanding to the competence of the finite element method. For the SWNT, the strain energy curves have apparent jumps at morphology changes and during the smooth continuation stages of post buckling, the strain energy varies in the linear order with the strain. For the double-walled CNT, there are only small strain energy releases, and the strain energy also changes approximately piecewise linearly with the strain. The morphologies are obtained in detail. AFEM is computationally rapid and is an alternative efficient way to study the post buckling of CNTs

Evaluation of Herbal Extracts of Momordica Charantia and Fenugreek Seeds for Management of Diabetes

The present study discloses a composition for regulating blood sugar levels, comprising a synergistic blend of Momordica Charantia extract, Fenugreek seed extract, and additional natural extracts. The composition offers a natural and holistic approach to blood sugar regulation, harnessing the potential benefits of these extracts to support glycemic control. Momordica Charantia extract, derived from the fruits of the Momordica Charantia plant, contains bioactive compounds such as charantin, polypeptide-p, and vicine. Fenugreek seed extract, obtained from Trigonella foenum graecum seeds, comprises soluble dietary fibers, saponins, and alkaloids, known for their potential in blood sugar regulation

Broadening the genetic base of grain legumes through pre-breeding using wild species

Grain legumes such as pigeonpea [(Cajanus cajan (L.) Mill sp.)] and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) are the primary sources of dietary protein especially for vegetarian human population worldwide. Genetic enhancement in these crops is not adequate due to their narrow genetic base. Further, the production and productivity of these crops is adversely affected by different biotic and abiotic stresses and high levels of resistance/tolerance for these stresses is not available in the cultivated genepool. This necessitates the utilization of new and diverse source of variations to broaden the genetic base of crop cultivars and to improve the genetic gain of these crops