Upotreba živinih mjernih uređaja u zdravstvenim ustanovama u Hrvatskoj

In 2009, we conducted a survey to assess the use of mercury-based thermometers and sphygmomanometers and their disposal in Croatian healthcare facilities. The questionnaire addressing the use of mercury-based medical devices, waste management, preferences between mercury-based and electronic devices, and the knowledge on mercury toxicity was filled by ward nurses affiliated with 40 (71.4 %) out of 56 contacted healthcare facilities. Only one of these facilities had given up the use of mercury-containing medical devices at the time. As many as 84.6 % of the nurses believed that broken devices did not increase the risk of mercury exposure, even though 90 % claimed they were aware of mercury toxicity. In fact, 69.4 % of the nurses preferred mercury-containing devices on account of their precision and reliability and because they received little training in the use of electronic devices. Breaking of thermometers and sphygmomanometers is common in healthcare facilities. The number of broken thermometers and sphygmomanometers was estimated to 278 and fi ve per month, respectively. Only 18 (46.2 %) of the surveyed healthcare facilities claimed to have had a proper disposal procedure for mercury from broken devices. Nurses, who most often handle these devices and collect mercury spills, are primarily exposed to mercury vapours via inhalation. Croatia has adopted the EU Directive 76/769/EEC intended to reduce mercury exposure in the living and working environment. Our survey suggests that all healthcare professionals need training in proper management of broken mercury-based medical devices, nurses in particular. To reduce the risk of exposure, all Croatian healthcare facilities should implement guidelines for staff protection and programmes to gradually replace mercury-based with electronic devices.Živa je štetni čimbenik izravno povezan s provođenjem zdravstvene zaštite. Tijekom 2009. provedeno je istraživanje u zdravstvenim ustanovama RH, s ciljem procjene uporabe živinih mjernih instrumenata, toplomjera i tlakomjera te načina odlaganja razbijenih uređaja. Upitnik o uporabi živinih uređaja, zbrinjavanju otpada, sklonostima uporabi živinih, odnosno elektroničkih mjernih uređaja te pitanja o poznavanju toksičnosti žive, ispunile su odjelne medicinske sestre iz 40 (71,4 %) od 56 zdravstvenih ustanova. Samo u jednoj ustanovi živini se mjerni uređaji uopće ne rabe. Čak 84,6 % ispitanica smatra da nisu dodatno izložene živi iz razbijenih uređaja, iako je 90 % svjesno toksičnosti Hg. Zbog njihove preciznosti, pouzdanosti i nedostatka edukacije o uporabi i održavanju elektroničkih uređaja prednost uporabi živinih uređaja daje 69,4 % medicinskih sestara. Razbijanje toplomjera i tlakomjera čest je incident u zdravstvenim ustanovama. Procijenjeni broj mjesečno razbijenih toplomjera bio je do 278, a razbijenih tlakomjera do 5. U samo 18 (46,2 %) ustanova pravilno se odlagala živa iz razbijenih uređaja. Medicinske sestre koje najčešće rukuju uređajima i prikupljaju živu najizloženije su živinim parama putem inhalacije. U Hrvatskoj su doneseni pravni akti s namjerom smanjenja prisutnosti žive u životnom i radnom okolišu. Time je stupila na snagu EU direktiva 76/769/EEZ-a o smanjenju proizvodnje i prometa uređaja koji ju sadržavaju. Rezultati upućuju na potrebu edukacije svih zdravstvenih radnika, posebno medicinskih sestara, o zbrinjavanju razbijenih živinih mjernih uređaja. Radi smanjenja potencijalne izloženosti i osiguranja boljih zdravstvenih uvjeta na radnome mjestu sve hrvatske zdravstvene ustanove trebaju provoditi smjernice za zaštitu radnika i programe za smanjenje uporabe žive uporabom zamjenskih toplomjera i tlakomjera dostupnih na tržištu

Production of milk and physico-chemical indicators of milk quality of cross-breed Istrian sheep

Istraživana je proizvodnja mlijeka i fizikalno-kemijski pokazatelji kakvoće mlijeka od križane domaće i sardinijske ovce u F1 generaciji ekstenzivno držane u okolici Poreča. Prosječna dnevna količina mlijeka tijekom laktacije u trajanju 160 dana iznosila je 0,91 (0,554-1,3981) po ovci. Gustoća ovčjeg mlijeka u provedenom istraživanju bila je 1,040 a kretala se u rasponu od 1,031 do 1,045, dok je prosječno utvrđena količina mliječne masti bila 5,75%. Najmanja količina mliječne masti u jednom mjesecu bila je 4,31%, a najveća 8,11%. Kiselost mlijeka iznosila je tijekom laktacije prosječno 10,3°SH, a kretala se u granicama od 5,6 - 18,4 °SH. Povećanje ukupne količine mlijeka u prvoj laktaciji iznosilo je 66%, a u drugoj 74% u odnosu na količinu mlijeka autohtone istarske ovce.The authors investigated physico-chemical indicators of milk quality of a herd of cross-bred domestic and Sardinian sheep in F1 generation. The herd is kept extensively in the neighborhood of Poreč. The average milk quantity during lactation of 160 days, was 0.9 1 (0.554-1.3981) per ewe. The density of ewe\u27s milk analyzed samples attained an average of 1.040, ranging from 1.031 to 1.045. Smallest milk fat quantity determined during one month was 4,31 % and the highest 8.11%. Average acidity pf milk during the lactation period, expressed in degrees of acidity, was 10.3 °SH, ranging from 5.6 to 18.4 °SH

Automating News Comment Moderation with Limited Resources: Benchmarking in Croatian and Estonian

This article describes initial work into the automatic classification of user-generated content in news media to support human moderators. We work with real-world data — comments posted by readers under online news articles — in two less-resourced European languages, Croatian and Estonian. We describe our dataset, and experiments into automatic classification using a range of models. Performance obtained is reasonable but not as good as might be expected given similar work in offensive language classification in other languages; we then investigate possible reasons in terms of the variability and reliability of the data and its annotation.https://jlcl.org/content/2-allissues/1-heft1-2020/jlcl_2020-1_3.pd

Novel semicarbazides and ureas of primaquine with bulky aryl or hydroxyalkyl substituents: Synthesis, cytostatic and antioxidative activity

Novel primaquine semicarbazides 7a-l and ureas 9a-g with modified benzhydryl, trityl, phenyl or hydroxyalkyl substituents were prepared and evaluated for cytostatic and antioxidative activities. Two synthetic approaches for preparation of the title semicarbazides were applied, both having certain advantages. In the first approach, the products grew from the semicarbazide side and the primaquine residue entered the molecule the last. In the second approach, semicarbazide grew from the primaquine side. This method was more convenient for synthesis of a series of semicarbazides: various products could be obtained from the same precursor N-(4-((6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl)amino)pentyl)hydrazinecarbox-amide (10). Primaquine ureas 9a-f were prepared from primaquine benzotriazolide 8 and corresponding amines and urea 9g directly from primaquine and 4-chloro-3-(fluoromethyl)phenyl isocyanate. All primaquine semicarbazide derivatives showed either prominent cytostatic activity towards all the tested cell lines (benzhydryl or trityl derivatives 7a-e) or high selectivity towards MCF-7 cells (hydroxyalkyl derivatives 7h-l), with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. The highest selectivity exerted symmetric bisprimaquine derivative 7f, with an IC50 0.2 μM against MCF-7 cells and practically no activity against other seven tested cancer cell lines. Urea derivatives 9a-f were generally less active than their semicarbazide analogues, but still selective towards MCF-7 cells. Urea 9g with the similar structure to cytostatic drug sorafenib, was the most active urea derivative. Semicarbazides 7g and 10 showed the best antioxidative activity as measured by DPPH (64% at 20 min and 90% at 60 min), while urea derivatives 9a-g, especially 9d, and semicarbazides 7a-g with lipophilic substituents exerted better LP antioxidant activity. Both semicarbazides and ureas with methoxy or chloro benzhydryl substituents and high Clog P values showed significant LOX inhibition.publisher: Elsevier articletitle: Novel semicarbazides and ureas of primaquine with bulky aryl or hydroxyalkyl substituents: Synthesis, cytostatic and antioxidative activity journaltitle: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.09.013 content_type: article copyright: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.status: publishe