Myoinositol with Metformin and Myoinositol alone in infertile PCOS women undergoing ovulation induction cycles: A comparative study

Background: This was a prospective observational study conducted over a twelve-month duration in our institute to compare the combined effect of metformin and myoinositol with metformin alone. Method: A total of sixty patients were included in the study, and they were divided into two groups depending on whether they were given the combination or the single drug. Group A (n=30) was given Myoinositol 600 mg+Metformin 500 mg thrice a day, and Group B ( n=30) was given only Myoinositol 600 mg thrice a day. The outcome measure was clinical pregnancy rate and improvement in clinical and hormonal parameters after drug therapy. Results: BMI (p<0.01), modified Ferriman Gallaway score (p>0.05), and the was a significant improvement in the hormonal parameters (LH,FSH) in both the groups and the levels were found to be comparable after a period of 6 months. The clinical pregnancy rate after six cycles of ovulation was significantly higher in Group A as compared to Group B. In Group A, the total clinical pregnancy rate was 43.33%, and in Group B, it was 26.67%, respectively, and the end of 6 months and the difference was statistically significant (p = <0.01) Conclusion: Equal response in reduction of hormonal levels and clinical and laboratory parameters were seen in both groups, while better results in terms of clinical fertility rates were observed in the group that was given a combination of myoinositol with metformin

Myoinositol with Metformin and Myoinositol alone in infertile PCOS women undergoing ovulation induction cycles: A comparative study

Background: This was a prospective observational study conducted over a twelve-month duration in our institute to compare the combined effect of metformin and myoinositol with metformin alone. Method: A total of sixty patients were included in the study, and they were divided into two groups depending on whether they were given the combination or the single drug. Group A (n=30) was given Myoinositol 600 mg+Metformin 500 mg thrice a day, and Group B ( n=30) was given only Myoinositol 600 mg thrice a day. The outcome measure was clinical pregnancy rate and improvement in clinical and hormonal parameters after drug therapy. Results: BMI (p<0.01), modified Ferriman Gallaway score (p>0.05), and the was a significant improvement in the hormonal parameters (LH,FSH) in both the groups and the levels were found to be comparable after a period of 6 months. The clinical pregnancy rate after six cycles of ovulation was significantly higher in Group A as compared to Group B. In Group A, the total clinical pregnancy rate was 43.33%, and in Group B, it was 26.67%, respectively, and the end of 6 months and the difference was statistically significant (p = <0.01) Conclusion: Equal response in reduction of hormonal levels and clinical and laboratory parameters were seen in both groups, while better results in terms of clinical fertility rates were observed in the group that was given a combination of myoinositol with metformin

Smart Ambulance With Automated Traffic Control

The present work proposes an ingenious traffic control system for emergency such as to control the traffic in case of ambulance. The proposed idea is to use an optimized and smart traffic control system in the heavy traffic area. In case of traffic, the lane of the ambulance can be made free and its corresponding lane can be made stuck with the help of the advanced traffic control system as discussed in the present work. Here, the basic circuit model, working principle and hardware circuit components are described to give a better understanding of Smart Ambulance traffic control system.  Keywords: Smart Ambulance, Traffic Control System, LEDs, astable multivibrator, traffic density

Insight into trichomonas vaginalis genome evolution through metabolic pathways comparison

Trichomonas vaginalis causes the trichomoniasis, in women and urethritis and prostate cancer in men. Its genome draft published by TIGR in 2007 presents many unusual genomic and biochemical features like, exceptionally large genome size, the presence of hydrogenosome, gene duplication, lateral gene transfer mechanism and the presence of miRNA. To understand some of genomic features we have performed a comparative analysis of metabolic pathways of the T. vaginalis with other 22 significant common organisms. Enzymes from the biochemical pathways of T. vaginalis and other selected organisms were retrieved from the KEGG metabolic pathway database. The metabolic pathways of T. vaginalis common in other selected organisms were identified. Total 101 enzymes present in different metabolic pathways of T. vaginalis were found to be orthologous by using BLASTP program against the selected organisms. Except two enzymes all identified orthologous enzymes were also identified as paralogous enzymes. Seventy-five of identified enzymes were also identified as essential for the survival of T. vaginalis, while 26 as non-essential. The identified essential enzymes also represent as good candidate for novel drug targets. Interestingly, some of the identified orthologous and paralogous enzymes were found playing significant role in the key metabolic activities while others were found playing active role in the process of pathogenesis. The N-acetylneuraminate lyase was analyzed as the candidate of lateral genes transfer. These findings clearly suggest the active participation of lateral gene transfer and gene duplication during evolution of T. vaginalis from the enteric to the pathogenic urogenital environment

Combinatorial Effect of Fertigation Rate and Scheduling on Tomato Performance under Naturally Ventilated Polyhouse in Indian Humid Sub-Tropics

Protected cultivation is a resource-efficient method of crop production, however, at the same time, it is resource intensive. An optimum rate and time of fertilizer application is required in order to maximize crop yield vis-a-vis resource use efficiency. However, these aspects are scarcely studied for tomato under low- and medium-tech greenhouses in Indian humid sub-tropics. In this regard, a two-year study was conducted to assess the effect of four NPK fertilization rates (i.e., 120, 100, 80, and 60% of the recommended dose of fertilizers, RDF) and three fertigation scheduling approaches-fertigation at different stages in different proportions of NPK, along with an additional treatment, i.e., farmers' practice (soil-based application of recommended NPK) for tomatoes under a naturally ventilated polyhouse. The plant growth attributes, the tomato yield- and quality-related traits, the nutrient (NPK) accumulation by the plants, the water use efficiency (WUE), and economics were studied in response to different fertigation rates and scheduling approaches. These parameters were affected by both the rates of NPK fertilization and their time of application (scheduling) over the different growth stages. Among the different rates and time of fertigation, the recommended dose of fertilizer (100% RDF) (i.e., 300 kg N, 150 kg P2O5, and 150 kg K2O per ha and their scheduling as 15% N, 10% P2O5, and 10% K2O of RDF during 15-45 days after transplanting (P-1); 40% N, 40% P2O5, and 40% K2O of RDF during 47-76 DAT (P-2); 30% N, 40% P2O5, and 40% K2O of RDF during 77-107 DAT (P-3); and 15% N, 10% P2O5, and 10% K2O of RDF during 108-138 DAT (P-4)) was found to be the optimum for fruit yield, WUE, and economics of tomato under protected condition

A Qualitative Insight into Pre-Departure Orientation Training for Aspiring Nepalese Migrant Workers

Pre-departure orientation training (PDOT) can help equip aspiring migrant workers with skills and knowledge to mitigate vulnerabilities throughout their migration journey, including health. In Nepal, PDOT has been mandatory since 2004 for migrant workers awaiting labour permits. The current PDOT programme includes country-specific information as well as health and well-being advice. However, the views of trainees and trainers on PDOT are largely unknown. This qualitative study aims to explore perceptions of migrant workers and relevant stakeholders on the content and delivery of PDOT. Six focus group discussions and six in-depth interviews were conducted with migrants, and eight interviews with key stakeholders were conducted. Thematic analysis resulted in five themes: (a) PDOT structure, accessibility, and implementation; (b) role of stakeholders in labour migration process; (c) coordination and governance; (d) curriculum development and relevance; and (e) capacity of trainers and effectiveness of training. Our findings emphasise the need for a more tailored curriculum with relevant information, education, and communication resources, possibly with input from former migrant workers. Regular updates of training topics and resources, as well as continued engagement with migrants after their employment, are essential for meeting the dynamic demands of the global employment market

The emergence of the Omicron XBB.1.5 variant in India: a brief report on clinical presentation of a few cases

Despite the three years spent navigating the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists are still having to react to the disease due to the constant evolution of novel variants/subvariants. Over the last few months, a global plummet in COVID-19 cases has suggested we are transitioning towards endemic COVID-19. However, the new omicron offshoots (XBB variants) are driving a new surge of cases around the world. A few preliminary research findings suggest that the XBB.1.5 subvariant is more immune-evasive and displays higher binding to ACE2 human receptor than its other related omicron subvariants in circulation. In this first-of-its-kind report, we discuss a few XBB.1.5 cases and its clinical characteristics reported in Delhi State, North India