Expression of fibroblast growth factor-β and transforming growth factor-β in mauli banana stem (Musa Acuminate) extract gel - treated traumatic ulcer

Purpose: To investigate the effect of mauli banana (Musa acuminate) stem topical gel extract application on the expression of transforming growth factor - β (TGF - β) and fibroblast growth factor-β (FGF-β) during the healing process in traumatic oral ulcers. Methods: The work represented a true experimental study incorporating a post test - only control group design. Four groups of male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegivus) (n = 20) with traumatic oral ulcers were given mauli banana stem extract gel of varying concentrations the negative control group: 0 %; treatment group I: 25 %; treatment group II: 37.5 %; and treatment group III: 50 %. The animals were subsequently sacrificed prior to conducting biopsy on day 5. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in order to analyze the degree of FGF-β and TGF–β expressions. Results: TGF–β was strongly expressed in treatment group II (16.80 ± 1.30). TGF-β expression was significantly different, except between treatment groups II and III (Table 2). FGF-β was strongly expressed in treatment group II (15.60 ± 3.97). There was significant difference in FGF-β expression between all the groups with the exception of treatment groups I and III. Conclusion: Topical application of mauli banana stem extract gel (37.5 % concentration) stimulates FGF-β and TGF-β expression on day 5 of traumatic oral ulcer healing process. Thus, the extract gel has potentials for clinical application for the therapy of traumatic oral ulcer

Oral hyperpigmentation as an adverse effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV patients: a systematic review and pooled prevalence

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infects patients via CD4+ cells which are later be destroyed subsequently causing the deteriotation of immune system. HIV generally manifests in the oral cavity as the first indicating sign and a marker of disease progression. HAART medications are used to reduce the incidence of oral manifestations, however it can also generate adverse effects in the oral cavity including oral hyperpigmentation. This review aimed to estimate the prevalence of oral hyperpigmentation which affect individual quality of life as a side effect of HAART.This systematic review applied Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020. Literature search was performed in ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Scopus by combining terms such as highly active antiretroviral therapy, oral manifestation, epidemiology or prevalence published between January 1998 to March 2022.Of 108 articles, eleven articles were included for systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of oral hyperpigmentation in HAART patients was 25% (95% CI: 11%, 38%; I2: 99%). Subgroup analysis based on geographical location showed varied result may be due to the type and duration of HAART used in study population. The most widely used type of ARV was from the NRTI group (n=7) and the study with the shortest duration showed the lowest oral hyperpigmentation prevalence (n=7).There is an increased prevalence of oral hyperpigmentation by the use of HAART. Future study should investigate the correlation between HAART duration and the degree of oral hyperpigmentation

GAMBARAN KASUS JARINGAN LUNAK RONGGA MULUT DI KOTA BANJARMASIN TAHUN 2017 – 2020

Penyakit jaringan lunak rongga mulut berkembang dengan angka kejadian yang bervariasi, yaitu 2,5 hingga 58 persen di berbagai jenis populasi. Kejadian penyakit rongga mulut meliputi 58% dari populasi lansia dan 34,8% pada populasi anak-anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penyakit jaringan lunak rongga mulut di Kota Banjarmasin tahun 2017-2020. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan analisis data deskriptif. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah penyakit jaringan lunak rongga mulut dan jenis kelamin. Sumber data menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari pencatatan dan pelaporan form LB-1 Puskesmas Kota Banjarmasin. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan kasus jaringan lunak rongga mulut paling banyak terdapat pada tahun 2018 dengan jumlah kasus sebesar 11.734 dengan kasus terbanyak terdapat pada perempuan sebesar 6934 kasus (59,09%). Jenis penyakit yang paling banyak pada kasus jaringan lunak rongga mulut pada tahun 2017-2020 adalah penyakit Gingivitis dan Penyakit Periodontal. Penyakit Gingivitis dan Penyakit Periodontal paling banyak terdapat pada tahun 2019 dengan jumlah kasus sebesar 9381 kasus (81,33%) dari keseluruhan penyakit jaringan rongga mulut serta paling banyak diderita oleh jenis kelamin perempuan dengan jumlah kasus sebesar 6058 kasus (64,58%). Peningkatan pencegahan kejadian peyakit jaringan lunak rongga mulut perlu dilakukan terutama pada penyakit Gingivitis dan Penyakit Periodontal

<strong> Correlation between presence of bacillus species and OHI-s in recurrent aphthous stomatitis patients </strong>

ABSTRACT Introduction: The approximate prevalence of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) was 45.42% at Gusti Hasan Aman Dental Hospital Banjarmasin. Bacillus sp. is a bacterium that can form spores that can be transmitted through air, dust, water and food. Poor oral conditions will increase the possibility of bacterial contamination, especially for ulcers found in RAS. This study aimed to analyzed correlation between the presence of Bacillus species and OHI-S in the oral ulceration of RAS patients. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted among Oral Medicine Department outpatients at Gusti Hasan Aman Dental Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia. A total of 38 subjects were examined to assess Oral Hygiene Index Simplified and obtained bacteria samples using the swabs technique. Bacteria were then inoculated in blood agar base media and concurrently presented with gram staining. Bacteria were then identified using the catalase test, urease test, and oxidase test. Results: Bacillus species were predominantly identified in oral ulceration of RAS patients at Gusti Hasan Aman Dental Hospital Banjarmasin. Bacillus sp. (60,5%), Streptococcus sp. (34,2%), Neisseria sp. (2,6%), and Lactobacillus sp. (2,6%) were found in ulcerated RAS lesions. Spearman test resulted in p = 0.862 (p > 0.05), where no significant difference was obtained between presence of bacillus species and OHI-s in recurrent aphthous stomatitis patients. Conclusion: Bacillus species were predominantly identified in oral ulceration of RAS patients a. However, the presence of Bacillus sp. was not associated with OHI-S in RAS patients. Keywords: bacillus sp.; oral hygiene index simplified; recurrent aphthous stomatiti