Towards the Development of a Framework for Socially Responsible Software by Analyzing Social Media Big Data on Cloud Through Ontological Engineering

AbstractA socially responsible internet is the need of the hour considering its huge potential and role in educating and transforming the society. Social computing is emerging as an important area as far as development of next generation web is concerned. With the proliferation of social networking applications, vast amount of data is available on cloud, which may be analyzed to gain useful insight into behavioral and linguistic patterns of different cultural and socio-economic groups further classified on the basis of gender and age etc. The idea is to come up with an appropriate framework for socially responsible software artifacts. These artifacts will monitor online social network data and analyze it from the perspective of socially responsible behavior based on ontological engineering concepts. Identification of socially responsible agents is such an example, though based on a different approach. More examples may be taken from literature dealing with microblog analytics, social semantic web, upper ontology for social web, and social-network-sourced big data analytics. In the present work, it is proposed to focus on analysis/monitoring of socially responsible behavior of social media big data and develop an upper level ontology as the framework/tool for such an analytics

Application of Box-Behnken Design for the Optimization of Culture Conditions for Novel Fibrinolytic Enzyme Production by Bacillus altitudinis S-CSR 0020

A bacterium which produced novel extracellular fibrinolytic enzyme for digesting bovine blood clots was isolated from soil, and identified by 16s rRNA sequencing as Bacillus altitudinis, given strain name was S-CSR 0020 (accession number KT369312). Fibrin proved the best nitrogen source with an enzyme activity of 750 U/mL, followed by casein after incubation at 37 °C for 4 days. The cultural conditions were optimised using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken Design (BBD). Based on 3D surface plot and contour plots, the optimized temperature, pH and substrate concentrations were 47 °C, 10.5 and 4 g/L respectively, resulted in increase in enzyme activity of 306.88 U/mL and specific activity of 780 U/mg which was 2-fold; compared to initial level of 400 U/mg after 2 days of incubation. The crude enzyme has got potent activity and digested human blood clot completely within 1 hr

Antioxidant status in patients with metabolic syndrome as measured by ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay

Background: Oxidative stress is involved in the athophysiology of diabetes and cardiovascular complications of metabolic syndrome. Endothelial dysfunction which is the key feature of metabolic syndrome and its vascular complication is intimately linked to insulin resistance. This relationship is partly due to oxidative stress. Methods: Twenty five patients with metabolic syndrome (mean age 47.3 ± 2.6 years, 13 males) diagnosed on the basis of National Cholesterol Education Programme/Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP/ATPIII) criteria along with 25 age and gender matched healthy controls (mean age 42.1 ± 1.8 years, 11 males) were studied. Malondialdehyde (MDA), as an index of changes in lipid peroxidation was estimated as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) along with plasma total antioxidant capacity as ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). Results: A significant increase (p=0.001) in MDA levels in the study group was observed when compared to the control group, where as FRAP levels were decreased in the study group compared to the control group (p=0.001). Among the components of metabolic syndrome hyperglycaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, hypertension and waist circumference positively correlated with MDA levels whereas hyperglycaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia and waist circumference correlated negatively with FRAP. Conclusions: The findings of the present study suggest the presence of oxidative stress in patients with metabolic syndrome which further increases the cardiovascular risk in these patients. Antioxidant therapy monitored with a simple assay like FRAP would definitely add to the existing measures like reducing abdominal obesity in preventing the cardiovascular sequelae and hence CVD risk in these patients