19 research outputs found
El pensamiento político de Josep Torras i Bages
La presente investigación recorre el marco histórico-social, cultural e ideológico de la Cataluña de finales del siglo XIX y de comienzos del XX, para valorar el alcance y la orientación de la persona y del pensamiento político de José Torras i Bages, quien sería obispo de Vic durante los años 1899-1916. Se valoran los condicionantes y los retos que hubo de afrontar el catolicismo catalán, liderado espiritual e intelectualmente por Torras i Bages. Su obra más reconocida es La tradició catalana (1892). En este autor encontramos una reivindicación de lo que fue la Cristiandad en Cataluña, así como una crítica al Renacimiento, al cesarismo y al liberalismo, de cara a discernir y promover una Renaixença en sentido cristiano. El resultado de la indagación arroja una síntesis del pensamiento político torrasiano, cuya fórmula regionalista se presentó como reacción a la impugnación de la tradición catalana por parte del liberalismo centralista, pero también de la interpretación de la misma por parte del federalismo. Sin perjuicio de constatar la argumentación interna de su doctrina, muy coherente con el magisterio perenne de la Iglesia, se incide en algunos de sus planteamientos en menor continuidad con la propia tradición política española y catalana
The legal framework of public civil archives in Spain
The origins of modern legislation regulating civil public archives in Spain date back to the 19th century, although some of Spain’s current historical archives, such as the Archives of the Crown of Aragon, have their roots in the Middle Ages. In the second half of the 19th century, the need to preserve collections of the Inquisition, as well as from confiscated monasteries and religious houses, gave rise to the establishment of the State Historical Archive. The aforementioned legislation has been extensively revised since 1978 to additionally reflect the new Spanish territorial political model established by the current Basic Standard, which has gradually established a complex system of competencies in the field of public archives in Spain, depending on whether they are owned by the state (State Archives System) or by Spanish autonomous communities or other territorial public administrations (Autonomous Communities Archives System), as it has been outlined in the case law of the Constitutional Court of Spain. From the point of view of the Spanish state, Law 16/1985 of 25 June on the Spanish historical heritage is the basic normative act for the regulation of the state’s public archives, currently under the Ministry of Culture and Sports, specifically, under the General Subdirectorate of State Archives. The said archives are under the authority of a special body of officials – archivists, librarians and archaeologists. On the other hand, at the level of the Autonomous Communities, each Autonomous Community has approved its own specific legislation regarding the archives they own or have jurisdiction over. In this regard, by way of example and in relation to their representativeness, the legislation of the autonomous communities of Andalusia (current Law 7/2011 of 3 November on documents, archives and documentary heritage of Andalusia) and Catalonia (current Law 10/2001 of 13 July on archives and the circulation of records) has been discussed
The frequency-dependence of drifting subpulse patterns
Drifting subpulse patterns in pulsar signals are frequently interpreted in
terms of a model in which a rotating ring of sparks on the polar cap gives rise
to emission from regions of the magnetsophere connected to the sparks by
dipolar magnetic field lines. The spacing of drift-bands in time depends on the
circulation rate of the polar cap pattern, but to first order the longitudinal
phase dependence of the subpulse modulation should obey a frequency-independent
relation determined by the geometrical configuration in a similar manner to the
polarization position angle. We present here observations at 272-1380 MHz of
PSR B0320+39 and PSR B0809+74, both of which show nearly linear drift in two
longitude regions, separated by a region of reduced modulation and accompanied
by a large step in the phase of the subpulse pattern. We show that the
observation of Bartel et al. (1981) that the subpulse spacing for PSR B0809+74
was 1.8 times greater at 102.5 MHz than at 1720 MHz is most likely an artifact
of the phase step, which is only present at high frequencies. The phase steps
can be understood as a consequence of observing overlapping offset images of
the polar cap spark pattern. We also detected more complicated,
frequency-dependent behaviour that would require that the images do not simply
differ by rotation about their centers. Detailed modelling of non-axisymmetric
refraction or distorted magnetic fields is suggested as a means of pursuing an
explanation for this phenomenon.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted to A&
On the pulse-width statistics in radio pulsars
The Monte Carlo simulations of pulsar periods, pulse-widths and magnetic
inclination angles are performed. Using the available observational data sets
we study a possible trial parent distribution functions by means of the
Kolmogorov-Smirnov significance tests. We also use an additional condition that
the numbers of generated interpulses, whether from both magnetic poles or from
single pole, are at the observed levels. We conclude that the parent
distribution function of magnetic inclination angles is neither flat nor cosine
but it is a more complicated function with a local maximum near alpha=25deg and
another weaker one near alpha=90deg. The plausible distribution function of
pulsar periods is represented by the gamma function. The beaming fraction
describing the fraction of observable radio pulsars is about 0.12.Comment: Astronomy & Astrophysics in pres
Structure of pulsar beams: conal versus patchy
Structure of mean pulsar radiation patterns is discussed within the
nested-cones and patchy beam models. Observational predictions of both these
models are analyzed and compared with available data on pulsar waveforms. It is
argued that observational properties of pulsar waveforms are highly consistent
with the nested-cone model and, in general, inconsistent with the patchy beam
model.Comment: Astronomy & Astrophysics, in pres
The subpulse modulation properties of pulsars at 92 cm and the frequency dependence of subpulse modulation
A large sample of pulsars has been observed to study their subpulse
modulation at an observing wavelength (when achievable) of both 21 and 92 cm
using the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope. In this paper we present the
92-cm data and a comparison is made with the already published 21-cm results.
We analysed 191 pulsars at 92 cm using fluctuation spectra. The sample of
pulsars is as unbiased as possible towards any particular pulsar
characteristics. For 15 pulsars drifting subpulses are discovered for the first
time and 26 of the new drifters found in the 21-cm data are confirmed. We
discovered nulling for 8 sources and 8 pulsars are found to intermittently emit
single pulses that have pulse energies similar to giant pulses. It is estimated
that at least half of the total population of pulsars have drifting subpulses
when observations with a high enough signal-to-noise ratio would be available.
It could well be that the drifting subpulse mechanism is an intrinsic property
of the emission mechanism itself, although for some pulsars it is difficult or
impossible to detect. Drifting subpulses are in general found at both
frequencies, although the chance of detecting drifting subpulses is possibly
slightly higher at 92 cm. It appears that the youngest pulsars have the most
disordered subpulses and the subpulses become more and more organized into
drifting subpulses as the pulsar ages. The correlations with the modulation
indices are argued to be consistent with the picture in which the radio
emission can be divided in a drifting subpulse signal plus a quasi-steady
signal which becomes, on average, stronger at high observing frequencies. The
measured values of P3 at the two frequencies are highly correlated, but there
is no evidence for a correlation with other pulsar parameters.Comment: 30 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in A&A, astro-ph
version is missing 191 figures due to file size restrictions. Please download
the appendix from
http://www.astron.nl/~stappers/wiki/doku.php?id=resources:publication
The subpulse modulation properties of pulsars at 21 cm
We present the results of a systematic, unbiased search for subpulse
modulation of 187 pulsars performed with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio
Telescope (WSRT) in the Netherlands at an observing wavelength of 21 cm. Using
new observations and archival WSRT data we have expanded the list of pulsars
which show the drifting subpulse phenomenon by 42, indicating that at least one
in three pulsars exhibits this phenomenon. The real fraction of pulsars which
show the drifting phenomenon is likely to be larger than some 55%. The majority
of the analysed pulsars show subpulse modulation (170), of which the majority
were not previously known to show subpulse modulation and 30 show clear
systematic drifting. The large number of new drifters we have found allows us,
for the first time, to do meaningful statistics on the drifting phenomenon. We
find that the drifting phenomenon is correlated with the pulsar age such that
drifting is more likely to occur in older pulsars. Pulsars which drift more
coherently seem to be older and have a lower modulation index. There is no
significant correlation found between P3 and other pulsar parameters (such as
the pulsar age), as has been reported in the past. There is no significant
preference of drift direction and the drift direction is not found to be
correlated with pulsar parameters. None of the four complexity parameters
predicted by different emission models (Jenet & Gil 2003) are shown to be
inconsistent with the set of modulation indices of our sample of pulsars.
Therefore none of the models can be ruled out based on our observations. We
also present results on some interesting new individual sources like a pulsar
which shows similar subpulse modulation in both the main- and interpulse and
six pulsars with opposite drift senses in different components.Comment: 32 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in A&A, astro-ph
version is missing 187 figures due to file size restrictions. Please download
appendices from http://www.science.uva.nl/~wltvrede/21cm.pd